SREBERNICH, Silvana Mariana; GONÇALVES, Gisele Mara Silva; DOMENE, Semíramis Martins Álvares

doi:10.1590/1678-98652017000600013

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev Nutr 30 (6) • Nov-Dec 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000600013 copiar

Mistura fortificadora a base de fígado suíno: avaliação da qualidade protéica e da biodisponibilidade de ferro – Parte 2

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Objetivo

Avaliar a qualidade protéica e a biodisponibilidade de ferro de uma mistura fortificadora a base de fígado suíno.

Métodos

Foram determinados coeficiente de eficácia protéica, retenção protéica líquida, digestibilidade verdadeira e de eficiência da regeneração de hemoglobina (depleção e repleção). Na fase de depleção os animais (ratos da linhagem Wistar) receberam dieta (AIN–93G) isenta de ferro e na fase de repleção receberam as dietas: padrão AIN–93G (dietas padrão AIN–93G), mistura fortificadora e dieta-padrão com sulfato ferroso heptahidratado para comparação.

Resultados

Para dietas padrão AIN-93G e mistura fortificadora os resultados foram respectivamente 3,75 e 4,04 para coeficiente de eficácia protéica e 3,53 e 3,63 para retenção protéica líquida mostrando que a presença de fígado suíno promoveu aumento dos valores de coeficiente de eficácia protéica e retenção protéica líquida (sem diferença estatística). Resultados de digestibilidade verdadeira obtidos com a dieta mistura fortificadora (97,16%) foram maiores do que os obtidos com a dietas padrão AIN-93G (caseína), também sem diferença estatística. Os resultados de eficiência da regeneração de hemoglobina para dietas padrão AIN-93G, mistura fortificadora e sulfato ferroso heptahidratado foram respectivamente 50,69; 31,96 e 29,96% apresentando diferença estatística significativa entre a amostra controle (dietas padrão AIN-93G) e as amostras testes (mistura fortificadora e sulfato ferroso heptahidratado), porém não entre as amostras testes.

Conclusão

A mistura fortificadora se mostrou com alto coeficiente de eficácia protéica (4,04) e alto valor biológico relativo (108%) podendo ser adicionada às sopas, cremes, carnes em creches na prevenção e controle da anemia ferropriva em crianças em idade escolar.

Palavras-chave
Estratégia alimentar; Ferro; Micronutrientes; Proteína

Ingredients (g/kg)	Diets (A)			Diets (B)
	Diets (A)			Depletion period	Repletion period
	G1	G2	GFM	SDWFe	SD	FMD	SDFeSu
Cornstarch	597.5	453.3	414.0	397.5	397.5	460.9	397.5
Casein (83.2%)	0.0	144.2	-	200.0	200.0	59.2	200.0
Fortifying mixture¹ 1 According to Srebernich etal. [7]	-	-	253.50	-	-	247.5	-
Dextrinizedstarch	132.0	132.0	132.0	132.0	132.0	132.0	132.0
Saccharose	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	-	100.0
Soyoil	70.0	70.0	-	70.0	70.0	-	70.0
Microcrystallinecellulose	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0
Mineral mix	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.0	35.0
FeSO₄.7H₂0	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.0694
Vitaminmix	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
L-cysteine	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0
Cholinebitartrate	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
BHT	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.014	0.014	0.014

Diet/Group	FC (g)	WG (g)	PC (g)	FER	PER	NPR	TD (%)
G1 (protein-free)¹ 1 Protein-free diet used to calculate NPR and TD;	94.6 (9.2)	-10.7 (3.7)	0.9 (0.1)	-0.12 (0.05)	-12.2 (5.1)	-	-
G2 (ain-93G)² 2 Standard diet containing 12% protein (casein); LSD (5%): Least Significant Difference at the 5% level of probability;	405.9^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (57.1)	183.2^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (21.9)	48.9^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (6.9)	0.45^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.05)	3.8^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.4)	3.5^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.42)	93.2^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (3.3)
GFM (fortifyingmixture)	415.9^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (47.3)	201.8^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (17.1)	49.9^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (5.3)	0.49^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.04)	4.0^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.2)	3.623^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (0.221)	97.2^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant according to the Tukey and Dunnett tests. (3.7)
LSD (5%) - Tukey	96.24	43.26	11.59	0.083	0.69	0.66	9.77
LSD (5%) - Dunnett	87.20	39.20	10.50	0.076	0.63	0.60	8.82

Diet/Group	FER (mean+SD)
Standard diet (AIN-93G)	0,158 (0.021)^{b (ns)}
SDFeSu (withferrous sulfate)¹ 1 Addition of 69.4ppm Iron; SDFeSu: Reference group used for the Dunnett test (comparison of the individual means of the test groups to the reference group). Means followed by equal letters did not differ from one another (p>0.05) by the Tukey test (comparison of the means);	0,251 (0.047)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.
FMD (fortifyingmixture)	0.243 (0.043)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.
LSD (5%) - Tukey	0.079
LSD (5%) - Dunnett	0.068

Diet/Group	Hemoglobin (g/dL)			Fe consumption	Ratio	HRE
Diet/Group	Initial	Final	Gain (GHb)	(mg)	(GHb/Fe)	(%)
SD (AIN-93G (control)	8.90 (0.07)	14.91 (0.13)	6.01 (1.49)^b	12.49 (0.23)^b	0.48 (0.14)^a	50.69 (9.0)^a
SDFeSu (withferrous sulfate)¹ 1 Addition of 69.4 ppm Fe; SDFeSu: Reference group used in the Dunnett test (comparison of the individual means of the test groups to the reference group). Means followed by equal letters did not differ from one another (p>0.05) by the Tukey test (comparison of the means);	5.34 (015)	13.23 (0.04)	7.89 (1.11)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.	17.15 (0.27)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.	0.46 (0.16)^a^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant;	29.96 (5.76)^b^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.
FMD (fortifyingmixture)	5.20 (0.09)	13.40 (0.06)	8.20 (1.23)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.	16.39 (0.33)^a^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.	0.50 (0.23)^a^(ns) (ns) Nonsignificant;	31.96 (6.13)^b^* * Significant by the Dunnett test.
LSD (5%) - Tukey	-	-	1.0	1.94	0.07	7.14
LSD (5%) - Dunnett	-	-	0.58	1.71	0.05	5.42

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[1] Note: (A): G1: Protein-free diet; G2: Standard AIN-93G diet (with 12.00% protein); GFM: Diet containing the Fortifying Mixture. (B): SDWFe: Standard Diet without Iron; SD: Standard AIN-93G Diet (containing 16.64% protein); FMD: Diet containing Iron from the Fortifying Mixture; SDFeSu: Standard Diet containing Ferrous Sulfate as a source of iron at a concentration equivalent to the quantity of iron present in the fortifying mixture.

[TFN01] ¹
According to Srebernich etal. [⁷7 Srebernich SM, Gonçalves GMS, Domene SMA. Fortifying pork liver mixture: Preparation and physicochemical characteristics: Part 1. Food Sci Technol. 2017;37(4). Epub Jul 20, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457x.13517
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457x.13517... ]