Daycares are a reality for most Brazilian preschoolers. Children remain in daycares for long periods of time. The demand for this kind of service tends to increase since the participation of women in the labor market is increasing. Thus, the objective of this study was to review the literature published since 1998 available at the MedLine, SciELO, Lilacs and Science Direct databases on the actions developed in daycares in the current context of Brazilian children and on the role of the dietician in this institution. Articles on experimental studies, literature reviews, books, theses and bulletins from health committees were included. The research revealed the duality experienced by educators between caring and educating. It stresses the importance of the institution in the formation of food habits and discusses the need for further education on food-associated issues, giving children knowledge and autonomy for making food choices. One of the main nutritional deficiencies found in children who attend public daycares is iron-deficiency anemia. Moreover, the foods offered in these daycares are low in calcium, iron, vitamin A, fibers and energy. Finally, the study presents the main challenges dieticians will have to face in this segment and the need they will have to constantly update their knowledge on the epidemiological nutrition picture of the age groups they work with, as well as the priorities established by the National Food and Nutrition Policy and norms issued by the reference departments in this area. The dietician needs to consider not only the nutritional requirements of the children but also the nature of education and formation of food habits.
Feeding; Child day care centers; Child; Nutritionist