Dietary patterns among adolescent freshmen attending a public university

Menezes, Jéssica Sybelle da Silva; Assis, Priscila Prazeres de; Arruda Neta, Adélia da Costa Pereira de; Diniz, Alcides da Silva; Burgos, Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo; Cabral, Poliana Coelho

doi:10.1590/1678-9865202336e220014

Jéssica Sybelle da Silva Menezes

design and planning of the article

analysis, interpretation and discussion of data

writing

final review of the manuscript

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente. Recife, PE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-1787

Priscila Prazeres de Assis

guidance of the work

critical review of the final manuscript

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Recife, PE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5620-4684

Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda Neta

guidance of the work

data interpretation

critical review of the final manuscript

Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8271-3079

Alcides da Silva Diniz

guidance of the work

data interpretation

critical review of the final manuscript

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Recife, PE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-5970

Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo Burgos

planning of the article

guidance of the work

interpretation of data

critical review of the final manuscript

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Recife, PE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-5822

Poliana Coelho Cabral Correspondence to: PC CABRAL. E-mail: poliana.cabral@ufpe.br.

design and planning of the article

orientation of the work

analysis and interpretation of data

critical review of the final manuscript

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Recife, PE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-4823

Correspondence to: PC CABRAL. E-mail: poliana.cabral@ufpe.br.

Editor

Carla Cristina Enes

Conflict of interest

The authors declare they have no conflict of interests.

Dietary patterns	Variance (%)
Western	22
Brazilian traditional	14
Food groups	Food	Factorial load
Food groups	Food	Western	Brazilian traditional
Rice	Rice	0.2126	-0.4587
Beans	Mulatto beans, green beans, soy	0.2577	-0.4339
Pasta	Pasta	0.5913	-0.1871
Cereals	Oats, corn	-0.2994	-0.5688
Roots and tubers	Sweet potato, potato, yam, cassava	0.1399	-0.4675
Fruits, fresh fruit juices and coconut water	Avocado, pineapple, acerola, banana, cajá, cashew, carambola, guava, soursop, orange, lemon, apple, papaya, mango, passion fruit, watermelon, melon, strawberry, pear, pinecone, grape, kiwi, fruit juice and coconut water	-0.0316	-0.5829
Greens and vegetables	Carrots, chayote, cabbage (leaf and flower), pumpkin, okra / gherkin, cooked salad, raw salad, green beans	0.0362	-0.5853
Meats	Beef (cooked; roasted), beef (fried), pork, beef jerky, liver, skinless or fried chicken, skinless chicken (cooked; roasted), chicken or beef offal	0.1109	-0.4170
Processed meats	Sausage, sausage, bologna, ham	0.4201	-0.0173
Olive oil, oils and sauces	Olive oil, oil, mayonnaise, light mayonnaise	0.4027	-0.5022
Butters and Margarines	Butters and margarines	0.6869	-0.2678
Dairy	Whole/light yogurt, skimmed milk, whole milk	-0.0595	-0.4895
Cheeses	Yellow and white cheeses	0.0972	-0.4918
Bread	White bread and wholemeal bread	0.7604	-0.0588
Sweets and desserts	Sugar, candies and sweets, cakes, honey / brown sugar, pudding / delicacy / sweets / ice cream	0.4669	-0.3789
Sugary drinks	Soda, light soda, artificial juice	0.7156	-0.2461
Snacks	Coxinha/pie, ketchup/mustard, pizza/sandwich/fast food, bar snacks	0.7320	-0.0422

Variables		n	%	Western Standard Average (SD)	p ^ ***** p= Student’s t test and ANOVA; *	Brazilian Traditional Standard Average (SD)	p ^* ***** p= Student’s t test and ANOVA;
Gender
	Male	59	28.6	-0.4128 (1.21)	<0.001	0.2120 (1.19)	0.053
	Female	147	71.4	0.1679 (0.85)	<0.001	-0.0862 (0.90)	0.053
Age
	≤17	43	20.9	-0.1608 (0.93)	<0.243	-0.1758 (0.78)-	0.202
	18 to 19	163	79.1	0.0417 (1.01)	<0.243	0.0455 (1.04)	0.202
Course
	Nutrition	84	40.8	-0.3687 (0.92)	<0.001	0.2053 (0.92)	0.014
	Nursing	52	25.3	0.5301 (0.76)		-0.1920 (0.77)
	Physical Education	31	15.0	-0.2673 (1.33)		0.0767 (1.31)
	Dentistry	31	15.0	0.2562 (0.70)		-0.0775 (0.98)
	Other courses^a a Pharmacy and Occupational Therapy;	8	03.9	0.4881 (0.69)		-0.9029 (1.23)
Socioeconomic Level
	High (A1+A2+B1)	56	27.2	-0.1796 (1.02)	<0.012	0.1104 (0.93)	0.585
	Middle (B2+C1)	109	52.9	0.1941 (0.96)		-0.0165 (0.91)
	Low (C2+D+E)	41	19.9	-0.2747 (0.99)		-0.0974 (1.30)
Physical Activity
	Active/Very active	135	65.5	0.1721 (1.05)	<0.001	0.0564 (0.98)	0.271
	Inactive/Insufficiently active	71	34.5	-0.3223 (0.80)	<0.001	-0.1057 (1.03)	0.271
Sedentary behavior
	≤2 hours/day	32	15.5	-0.0415 (0.85)	<0.798	-0.2091 (0.97)	0.198
	>2 hours/day	174	84.5	0.0077 (1.02)	<0.798	0.0389 (1.00)	0.198
Body Mass Index^* * Body Mass Index [13] (those with thinness were excluded);
	Eutrophic	143	69.4	-0.0073 (1.06)	<0.834	0.0428 (0.98)	0.223
	Overweight	41	19.9	0.0292 (0.70)	<0.834	-0.1702 (1.07)	0.223
WHtR^ WHtR: Waist-Height Ratio [16];
	Below average	168	81.6	-0.0753 (1.11)	<0.212	0.0648 (0.98)	0.289
	Above average	38	18.4	-0.1013 (0.80)	<0.212	-0.0861 (1.02)	0.289

	Variables	Western Standard β	p ^* ***** p=linear regression;	Brazilian Traditional Standard β	p ^* ***** p=linear regression;
Gender
	Male	Reference	-	Reference	-
	Female	0.37	0.027	-0.31	0.082
Age
	≤ 17	Reference	-	Reference	-
	18 to 19	0.09	0.568	0.26	0.127
Socioeconomic Level
	High (A1+A2+B1)	Reference		Reference	-
	Middle (B2+C1)	0.30	0.056	-0.02	0.885
	Low (C2+ D + E)	-0.01	0.951	-0.22	0.304
Course
	Nutrition	Reference		Reference	-
	Nursing	0.78	<0.001	-0.38	0.037
	Physical Education	0.32	0.142	-0.24	0.301
	Dentistry	0.53	0.008	-0.33	0.137
	Other courses^a a Pharmacy and Occupational Therapy; a Physical activity level [10]; Socioeconomic level [8].	0.53	0.128	-1.05	0.005
Physical Activity
	Active/Very active	Reference	-
	Inactive/Insufficiently active	0.30	0.034	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**
	Body Mass Index^ Body Mass Index[13];	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**
	Eutrophic	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	Reference	-
	Overweight	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	*^ * Variable not entered in model adjustment;**	-0.10	0.579

Variables		Male		Female
Variables		β	p ^* ***** Linear regression model adjusted for age and physical activity level.	β	p ^* ***** Linear regression model adjusted for age and physical activity level.
Percentage of Body Fat^* * Bioimpedance [18];
	Western Standard	-0.235	0.720	0.305	0.666
	Brazilian Traditional Standard	-0.010	0.990	-1.315	0.047
Body Mass Index^ Body Mass Index [13];
	Western Standard	-0.390	0.226	0.151	0.696
	Brazilian Traditional Standard	0.198	0.535	-0.757	0.038

[1] Correspondence to: PC CABRAL. E-mail: poliana.cabral@ufpe.br.

Brasil

Brasil

Dietary patterns among adolescent freshmen attending a public university

Padrões alimentares de adolescentes recém-ingressos em uma universidade pública

ABSTRACT

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion