Epilepsy is a chronic condition that affects 0.5% to 1.0% of the population in developed countries. This prevalence may be higher in developing countries. A significant proportion of the patients, nearly one third of them will have their condition evolved into a stage of uncontrolled crises, in some cases, surgical procedure may be indicated. However, for several patients, surgery is not possible. In these cases, ketogenic diet is a therapeutic option, especially for children. It is supposed that nearly one third of the patients that use the ketogenic diet, experience seizure control or reduction in the number of seizures. The current study presents methods of preparing and using ketogenic diet. The diet must be individualized, considering the recommendations for calorie intake, amounts of fat, protein and specific carbohydrates. Patients must be monitored, since side effects related to the diet can occur. Parents and caregivers must be informed about ketogenic diet and how it works; so that greater acceptability and adherence to this therapy may be achieved.
diet; epilepsy; ketogenic diet; nutrients
