Leaf secretory structures in Ceiba (Malvaceae - Bombacoideae): ontogeny, anatomy and histochemistry

Gonçalves, Lívia Peixoto; Luna, Bruna Nunes de; Ferreira, Carlos Daniel Miranda; Bovini, Massimo Giuseppe; Toni, Karen Lúcia Gama De

doi:10.1590/2175-7860202475008

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Plant Anatomy: history and future directions • Rodriguésia 75 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202475008 copy

Leaf secretory structures in Ceiba (Malvaceae - Bombacoideae): ontogeny, anatomy and histochemistry

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The description of secretory structures in Malvaceae is controversial, and results in conflicting interpretations. Amid conflicting interpretations, therefore, the present study aims to describe the ontogeny diversity and histochemistry in Ceiba, emphasizing the secretory structures in leaves of C. erianthos, C. jasminodora, C. pentandra, and C. speciosa. All analyzed species present mucilaginous, crystalliferous, and phenolic idioblasts. These structures are randomly arranged in the mesophyll, epidermis, petiole cortex, and parenchymatic tissue of the midrib. However, in C. jasminodora and C. pentandra, secretory structures are only found in the midrib area. The development of mucilaginous idioblasts is asynchronous and, when mature, they coalesce forming large structures full of mucilage. Clavate-type pluricellular glandular trichomes were also detected scattered randomly on both leaf surfaces. Their ontogeny is described, and histochemical tests showed the presence of lipophilic substances. Extrafloral nectaries were observed in the middle third of the midrib, on the abaxial side of the leaflets. They originate from the protoderm and ground meristem of the midrib cortex. It is expected that these results will help consolidate knowledge of secretory structures in Malvaceae, leading, in turn, to the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships.

Key words:
Bombaceae; extrafloral nectaries; mucilaginous idioblasts

Secretory structure	Location	Origin	Species
Secretory structure	Location	Origin	Ceiba erianthos	Ceiba jasminodora	Ceiba pentandra	Ceiba speciosa
Mucilaginous idioblast	epidermis, mesophyll, cortex and central portion of the midrib and petiole	protoderm, ground meristem and procambium	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)
Mucilaginous idioblast	inserted close to the vascular bundles	protoderm, ground meristem and procambium	(-)	(+)	(+)	(-)
Druse-containing idioblast	mesophyll, cortex and central portion of the midrib	*	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)
Phenolic idioblasts	cortex and central portion of the midrib	*	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)
Clavate-type glandular trichome	randomly scattered on both sides of the leaf epidermis	protoderm	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)
Extrafloral nectaries	abaxial surface of the leaf, in the middle third of the midrib	protoderm and ground meristem	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)

Histochemical tests			Secretory structures and analyzed species
Histochemical tests			Ceiba erianthos		Ceiba jasminodora		Ceiba pentandra		Ceiba speciosa
Detected substances	Reagents	Idioblasts	Glandular trichomes	Idioblasts	Glandular trichomes	Idioblasts	Glandular trichomes	Idioblasts	Glandular trichomes
Total and neutral lipids	Sudan III and Nile blue	(-)	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)	(-)	(+)
Phenolic compounds	Ferric chloride	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
Essential oils and resins	NADI	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(+)	(+)	(+)
Terpens	Oil red	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)	(+)
Acidic and neutral polysaccharides	Alcian blue and PAS	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
Mucilage	Ruthenium red	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)

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Species	Herbarium	Arboretum
Ceiba erianthos	RB646494	RBV 741
Ceiba jasminodora	RB354350	RBV 3140
Ceiba pentandra	RB841529	RBV 936
Ceiba speciosa	RB645506	RBV 6824