Impact of Bacille Calmette-Guérin revaccination on serum IgE levels in a randomized controlled trial

Peleteiro, Thaís Silva; Oliveira, Evelin Santos; Conceição, Elisabete Lopes; Nascimento-Sampaio, Francisco; Alcântara-Neves, Neuza Maria; Mendes, Carlos Mauricio Cardeal; Bessa, Theolis Costa Barbosa

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0081-2017

person Thaís Silva Peleteiro

schoolInstituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Evelin Santos Oliveira

schoolInstituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil. schoolInstituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Elisabete Lopes Conceição

schoolInstituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil. schoolInstituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Francisco Nascimento-Sampaio

schoolHospital Universitário Prof. Edgar Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Neuza Maria Alcântara-Neves

schoolInstituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Carlos Mauricio Cardeal Mendes

schoolInstituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

person Theolis Costa Barbosa Bessa

schoolInstituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brasil. schoolInstituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. schoolRede Brasileira de Pesquisa em Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Corresponding author: Dra. Theolis Costa Barbosa Bessa.
e-mail:theolis@bahia.fiocruz.br

Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

	Revaccinated (n=46)^a		Controls (n=29)^b
	atopic (n =29)	non-atopic (n =16)	(atopic n =17)	non-atopic (n =11)
Age in years (95% CI)^c	20 (19-21)	20 (19-21)	20 (17-23)	20 (18-22)
Gender (%)
male	9 (31.0)	2 (12.0)	5 (29.0)	4 (36.0)
female	20 (69.0)	14 (88.0)	12 (71.0)	7 (64.0)
Family income > 5 MW^d (%)	22 (76.0)	11 (69.0)	13 (76.0)	8 (73.0)
n/a	1 (3.0)	0 (0.0)0	1 (6.0)	0 (0.0)
Smoking (%) yes	2 (7.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
n/a	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Drug use (%)
alcohol^e	8 (28.0)	6 (38.0)	1 (6.0)	3 (27.0)
other^f	1 (3.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
n/a	3 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Parasitic disease
yes	3 (10.0)	1 (6.0)	2 (12.0)	0 (0.0)
no	13 (45.0)	8 (50.0)	8 (47.0)	5 (45.0)
n/a	13 (45.0)	7 (44.0)	7 (41.0)	6 (55.0)
BMI^g (95% CI)^c	21.0 (20.1-22.0)	20.3 (19.2-21.3)	21.3 (19.6-23)	20.4 (18.8-22.0)
BCG^h scar size from revaccination in mm (95% CI)^c	8.3 (6.3-10.2)	7.4 (4.1-10.8)	-	-
Current medication use (%)
antihistamine	0 (0.0)	1 (6.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
corticosteroid	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (6.0)	0 (0.0)
other non-related	6 (21.0)	3 (19.0)	3 (18.0)	2 (18.0)
none	23 (79.0)	12 (75.0)	13 (76.0)	9 (82.0)
Allergy (%)ⁱ
asthma/wheezing	6 (21.0)	2 (12.0)	4 (24.0)	2 (18.0)
rhinitis/sneezing	16 (55.0)	4 (25.0)	16 (94.0)	2 (18.0)
rhinitis/sneezing combined with asthma/wheezing	2 (7.0)	1 (3.0)	1 (6.0)	1 (9.0)
dermatitis/eczema	5 (17.0)	2 (12.0)	1 (6.0)	0 (0.0)
not allergic	8 (28.0)	11 (69.0)	1 (6.0)	8 (73.0)
n/a	1 (3.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Allergy symptoms in the past 12 months (%)ⁱ	13 (45.0)	5 (31.0)	13 (76.0)	3 (27.0)
n/a	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Atopy (%)
to any allergen in the SPT^j	17 (59.0)	-	8 (47.0)	-
to Derp^k in the SPT	24 (83.0)	-	14 (82.0)	-
SPT conversion 2 months after intervention*	-	1 (6.0)	-	1 (9.0)
Total IgE (ng/ml)^c
baseline (T0)	90.0 (45.4-134.5)	19.4 (3.2-35.7)	23.6 (10.8-36.5)	21.4 (2.2-40.6)
two months after intervention (T2)	66.7 (36.0-97.4)	21.9 (7.9-36.0)	34.4 (8.9-60.0)	25.5 (1.8-49.2)
Anti-Derp IgE (kU/ml)^c
baseline (T0)	29.40 (13.18-45.63)	0.00 (0.00-0.00)	23.70 (6.54-40.85)	0.00 (0.00-0.00)
two months after intervention (T2)	29.3 (10.5-48.0)	0.12 (-0.10 to -0.33)	8.09 (-2.69 to -18.87)	0.22 (-0.47 to -0.90)

[TFN1] 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals; MW: minimum wage; n/a: information not available; BMI: body mass index; BCG: Bacille Calmette-Guérin; ISAAC: International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood; SPT: skin prick test; Derp: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; IgE: immunoglobulin E; T0: time zero (baseline); T2: two months after the intervention. ^a One revaccinated individual not tested. ^b One control individual not tested. ^c Results are expressed as means (95% CI). ^d MW (>5 MW indicates an upper-class or class “A” consumer)³. ^e Alcohol use was defined as alcohol consumption at least once per week. ^f Marijuana use. ^g BMI (weight in kg divided by the square of the height in m). ^h BCG. ⁱ Data obtained from the ISAAC questionnaire. ^j SPT. ^k Derp whole extract. *Percentage of individuals non-reactive to Derp at baseline that became reactive 2 months after revaccination.