American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a northeast Brazilian city: clinical and epidemiological features

Grangeiro Júnior, Cícero Roberto Pinheiro; Pimentel, João Vitor Cândido; Teixeira Júnior, Antonio Gilvan; Jesus, Aline Felipe de; Galvão, Thaila Cristhina Fernandes; Souza, Lorenza Andrés Almeida de; Gadelha, Maria do Socorro Vieira; Damasceno, Kécia Silva; Rolim Neto, Modesto Leite; Lima, Marcos Antonio Pereira de; Nascimento, Vânia Barbosa do; Silva, Cláudio Gleidiston Lima da

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0504-2017

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Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Sumário

Short Communication • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 51 (06) • Nov-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0504-2017 copy

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a northeast Brazilian city: clinical and epidemiological features

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

This study characterized the clinico-epidemiological profile of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases in Barbalha, Ceará State, Brazil.

METHODS

Medical records of 363 patients visiting Federal University of Cariri between 2009 and 2014 were analyzed.

RESULTS

ACL was more prevalent in men with low education level from rural zones. The main presentation was a single ulcer, mainly in the lower limbs, and 49.8% also presented lymphadenomegaly. The annual incidence ranged from 2.83 to 22.60 per 10,000 inhabitants.

CONCLUSIONS:

The rates observed in this study indicate the importance of additional research to contribute to the control of this endemic disease.

Keywords:
American cutaneous leishmaniasis; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Public health

Characteristics	Female		Male		Mean
	n	%	n	%
Age (years)					34.76
1-18	33	9.09	52	14.32
19-40	71	19.55	87	23.96
41-60	28	7.71	41	11.29
>60	25	6.88	23	6.33
Not reported	1	0.27	2	0.55
Schooling
Under age	8	2.20	4	1.10
Illiterate	14	3.85	23	6.33
Literate	0	0.00	1	0.27
Elementary school	55	15.15	105	28.92
High school	29	7.98	33	9.09
Higher education	7	1.92	2	0.55
Not reported	45	12.39	37	10.19
Occupation
Under age	8	2.20	4	1.10
Student	35	9.64	56	15.43
Farmer	38	10.47	87	23.97
Retired	18	4.96	12	3.31
Teacher	6	1.65	1	0.28
Merchant	1	0.28	4	1.10
Housewives	31	8.54	0	0.00
Other	7	1.93	29	7.99
Not reported	14	3.86	12	3.31
Zone
Urban	19	5.23	18	4.95
Rural	139	38.29	186	51.23
Not reported	0	0.00	1	0.27
Time until firstconsultation (months)
< 1	53	14.6	80	22.04
1-3	91	25.07	110	30.3
>3	8	2.2	6	1.65
Not reported	6	1.65	9	2.48

Diagnostic Methods	Positive (%)	Negative (%)	Discarded (%)	Not performed (%)
Histopathological	99(27.3)	54(14.9)	-	210(57.9)
Imprint	137(37.7)	7(2)	-	219(60.3)
Montenegro test	168(46.3)	17(4.7)	-	178(49)
Culture	80(22)	1(0.3)	44(12.1)	238(65.6)
Immunohistochemistry	120(33.1)	0	-	243(66.9)
Number of confirmatory tests in each patient	0	1	2	3	4
Number of cases (%)	164(45.2)	58(16)	45(12.4)	49(13.5)	47(12.9)

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E-mail: rsbmt@uftm.edu.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Prof. Marcos Antonio Pereira de Lima. e-mail: marcos.lima@ufca.edu.br