In a survey of the Montenegro reaction, carried out in a district of the Municipality of Trajano de Moraes, State of Rio de Janeiro, 233 persons were tested, yielding 12 positive and 9 doubtful results (5,1 and 3,9% respectively). Although the overall percentage 9% (totalling positive and doubtful results) is rather loic, there appears to be a concentration of positivity in two points of the area: São Francisco de Paula and Couto. In a region where the disease (leishmaniasis) bears a distinctly character, this may be considered suggestive of the existence of microfoci.