Resumo em Português:

Os autores estudam 10 casos de blastomicose pulmonar, sendo feita a correlação radiológica e espirográfica. Encontraram em todos os casos as alterações radiológicas clássicas do blastomicose (nodulacões, infiltrados, fibrose e enfisema). Em 4 casos encontraram alterações da função ventilatória caracterizadas por insuficiência ventilatória obstrutiva. Comentam que em 2 casos a radiotugia pulmonar mostrou a presença de enfisema embora a espirografia não mostrasse anormalidades. Chamam a atenção para a importância do estudo da função respiratória na blastomicose pulmonar, acentuando a necessidade do estudo funcional em maior número de pacientes a fim de se estabelecerem conclusões mais significativas sôbre o tipo de alteração ventilatória que ocorre nesses pacientes.

Resumo em Inglês:

Ten cases of pulmonary form of Lutz disease (South American blastomycosis) were studied in correlation of chest X-ray and spirometry. All of them showed the classic radiologic signs of nodular lesions, patchy infiltrations, fibrosis and emphysema. Four cases showed insufficiency of ventilatory function, probably derived from obstructive lesions; however, two other cases with X-ray signs of emphysema did not show spirometric abnormality. The authors emphasize the necessity of more investigation on lung function tests in a larger number of cases of pulmonary blastomycosis to establish definite conclusions in this unexplored field.

Resumo em Português:

Depois de analisar, de um modo geral, o problema da grande mobilidade do homem brasileiro, ilustrando com alguns dados o vulto das principais correntes migratórias internas que se verificam em nosso País, o autor discute a influência que êstes deslocamentos humanos têm na epidemiologia de nossas endemias parasitárias. Para isto considera os movimentos migratórios ligados aos seguintes tipos de atividades humanas: 1) deslocamento da fronteira agrícola, quer por expansão de áreas já colonizadas, quer pela instalação de núcleos coloniais com pontos remotos da zona pioneira, criando novas ilhas demográficas nos grandes espaços vazios da população brasileira; 2) cultura itinerante caracterizada pela constante procura de áreas virgens para o plantio, com abandono das áreas velhas já esgotadas; 3) indústria extrativa vegetal e mineral; 4) construção de ferrovias e rodovias de penetração, com estabelecimento e desenvolvimento de núcleos populacionais ao longo delas; 5) construção de Brasília e desenvolvimento do Brasil Centro-Ocidental; 6) mecanização da agricultura e industrialização dos centros urbanos condicionando o êxodo rural.

Resumo em Inglês:

After discussing, in a general way, the problem of the notorious nomadic habits of the Brazilian population, illustrating with some statistical data the proportion of the chief migratory streams observed inside Brazil, the Author analyses the influence of such migrations in the epidemiology of parasitic diseases. For this purpose he considers the migratory movements involved in the following types of human activities: 1) pushing forward the agricultural frontier either by the expansion of sections already settled or by the establishment of new colonial nuclei in remote points of pioneer areas; 2) itinerant or "fire" agriculture caracterized by a constant opening of new clearings in forests and the abandoning of old areas already exhausted by farming; 3) gathering of plant products and prospection of mineral resources; 4) construction of pioneer railroads and high ways, with the establishment of new settlements along their sides; 5) construction of Brazilia and colonization of Central and Western Brazil; 6) rationalization of agriculture and industrialization of urban areas inducing rural-urban migration.

Resumo em Inglês:

Review of the early literature as well as more recent results show that sulfonamides possess a distinct antimalarial activity. However, when give alone, their action is less marked and slower than that of the antimalarials commonly used in the treatment of the acute attack. Combinations with pyrimethamine provide better results, even in cases of pyrimethamine and chloroquine resistance. This warrants further investigations in an attempt to develop a therapeutic agent suitable for the treatment of such resistant cases. It may also be possible with an appropriate combination of pyrimethamine with a sulfonamide to achieve a satisfactory method for suppressive treatment both in areas with and without pyrimethamine resistance. Three main points must still be carefully studied: 1) the risk of developing malaria resistance against one or both of the components of the combination. 2) The risk of developing bacterial resistance to sulfonamides if these substances are used on a large scale in too low doses. It seems indeed that antimalarial effect with the combination of sufonamides + pyrimethamine can be obtained with doses of sulfonamides which are below those usually employed in bacterial diseases. Since the range of the ratios providing potentiation is rather large, only ratios of the combination sulfonamides: pyrimethamine should be chosen in which an antfbacterial sulfonamidemia is guaranteed. 3) It goes without sayinq that, although both pyrimethamine and modem sulfonamides, when given by themselves, have proved tc possess a large margin of safety, long term administration of their combination should be careful studied from the point of view of possible side effects. Substantial evidence has already been produced to show that the long acting sulfonamide Fanasil (Ro 4-4393) given once or once weekly possesses marked schizonticidal activity against P. falciparum. Although its action is slower than that of 4-aminoquinolines, it may be useful as a second choice drug in semi-immune subjects for the therapy of falciparum malaria. Preliminary results show that, when combined with pyrimethamine, Fanasil is highly effective in suppressing fever and asexual parasitemia due to P. falciparum. Single doses of 1 g Fanasil together with 50 mg pyrimethamine seem to be adequate for the treatment of acute falciparum malaria in semi-immune patients. The onset of action of the combination is much more rapid than that of the single components. Weekly doses of 500 mg Fanasil and 25 mg pyrimeihamine appear to provide satisfactory suppressive effects against P. falciparum at least in East Africa. This combination is active on strains which do not respond satisfactorily to the standard doses of pyrimethamine and/or chloroquine and seems to have a satisfactory sporontocidal effect. Preliminary results indicate that Fanasil alone cannot be recommended for use against the other human malaria parasites. The combination with pyrimethamine appears to be much more effective. East African strains of P. malariae seem to respond better to the combination than do Malayan strains of P. vivax but further trials are required before definite assessment can be made. Fanasil by itself has no gametocytoddal or sporontocidal action but seems to potentiate the effect of pyrimethamine at least on sporogony of P. falciparum.

Resumo em Português:

A Doxiciclina, um nôvo antibiótico derivado da oxitetraciclina, foi administrada a 54 pacientes, 16 com diversas entidades infecciosas, 18 portadores de Staphylococcus aureus e 20 portadores de Streptococcus beta haemolyticus. O medicamento, que foi empregado em dose única diária, por via oral, durante períodos variáveis de acôrdo com a entidade clínica e com a evolução do caso, mostrou-se de excelente tolerância e de grande eficiência, particularmente nas infecções por Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus beta haemolyticus que representam a maior incidência desta casuística.

Resumo em Inglês:

The authors present their experiences with doxycycline in the treatmend of 54 patients, 16 of them with different infectious diseases, 18 Staphylococcus aureus carriers and 20 Streptococcus beta haemolyticus carriers. The drug was given in a single oral dose for several days according to the degree of severity of the disease; tolerance to the drug was good. Doxycycline was very effective in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus beta haemolyticus infections.

Resumo em Português:

São descritos 10 casos de tétano do recém-nascido e 19 de tétano não umbilical, tratados pelo diazepam, como único medicamento mio-relaxante e ansiolítico. Houve 7 mortes entre os primeiros (70%) e 4 entre os últimos (21,1%). A experiência anterior do Serviço acusava mortalidade de 90% para os casos de tétano umbilical e 25,2% para os outros. Conquanto a diferença entre os grupos não possa ser considerada significativa, somos conduzidos a concluir: 1.°) - A ação mio-relaxante e ansiolítica do diazepam mostrou ser, nestas observações, pelo menos igual e, provàvelmente, superior às outras drogas até agora empregadas isoladamente ou em associação, em nosso Serviço; 2.°) - Sua administração por via venosa, a mais eficiente, é de fácil realização. Não houve em nossa casuística, apesar de longos períodos do uso do fármaco, nenhum caso de tromboflebite; 3.°) - Embora muitas vêzes as doses empregadas tenham sido freqüentemente muito elevadas os fenômenos colaterais imputáveis à droga são mínimos; 4.°) - Em nenhum caso se pode atribuir ao medicamento a responsabilidade pelos desenlaces fatais ocorridos.

Resumo em Francês:

Les auteurs font la description de 10 observations de tétanos du nouveauné et de 19 autres personnes plus agées, traitées par le diazepam, utilisé comme Vunique drogue relaxante et ansiolytique. Ils ont eu 7 décès parmis les nourrissons (70%) et 4 parmis les autres malades (21,1%). La mortalité par tétanos néo-natal était précédemment 90% et 25,2% dans les autres tétaniques hospitalisés dans le Service. Quoique la différence ne peut pas être considerée significative entre les deux groupes, nous pouvons arriver aux conclusions suivantes: 1) - L'action mio-relaxante et ansiolytique du diazepam a demontré être dans ces observations, au moins égale et, probablement, supérieure à celle des autres médicaments similaires utilisés, isolés ou en assocíation par les AA. dans le traitement du tétanos; 2) - L'administration intraveineuse, la plus efficace, doit être la voie de choix. Même dans les cas de traitement prolongé on n'a pas observé des thrombophlebites; 3) - Bien que souvent les doses qu'on a fait usage étaient frequemment très hautes, les effets secondaires ont été toujours insignifiants; 4) - On n'a pu jamais inculper le médicament par quelqu'un des décès survenus.

Resumo em Inglês:

We describe ten cases of tetanus in the newborn and nineteen cases of no umbilical tetanus, treated by diazepam, as the only muscle relaxant and tranquillizer medicine. There were seven deaths among the first ones (70%) and four among the last ones (21,1%). The former experiment of the Service showed a mortality of 90% for the cases of umbilical tetanus and 25,2% for the others. Although the difference between the two groups cannot be considered significant, we are forced to conclude that: 1st: - The muscle relaxant and tranquilizer action of diazepam showed to be in these observations, at least equal and probably superior than the other drugs so far used isolately or in association, in our Service; 2nd: - Its administration by the veint the most efficient, is of easy accomplishment. We did not notice in any of our cases, in spite of the periods of usage of diazepam, any case of thrombophlebitis; 3rd: - Although many times the doses given have been frequently high, the collateral manifestations due to the drug were of very little importance; 4th: - In none of the fatal cases we can blame the drug for that.

Resumo em de:

Zehn Fälle über Tetanus teu Neugeborenen und 19 bei anderen Menschen mit diazepam, behandelt, sind als das einzige muskelrelaxie rende un beruhigende beschrieben. Es wurden 7 Todesfälle in ersten (70%) und 4 in zweiten Fall (21,1%) registriert. Die worhergehende Erfahrung der Abteilung zeichnete 90% Mortalität für die Tetanus neonatorum und 25,2% für andere Fälle an. Obwohl der Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen nicht ais bedeutungsvoll Geschätzt werden kann, dürfen wir doch zu folgenden Entschluss kommen: 1) - Die muskelrelaxierende und beruhigende Aktion, die wir in userer Abteilung oder mit anderen Mitteln benützen, zeigte sichbis jetzt, in diesen Beobachtungen gleich oder besser àls alie anderen Medi. kament; 2) - Die Anwendung dieses Heilmittel durch die Venen fliessend ist sehr einfach und die beste. Wir hatten keinen einzigen Fali von Thrombophleebites wàhrend der Zeit in der wir sie benutzten; 3) - Obwohl die benutzten Dosen "ofters sehr hoch waren, können wir versichers dass die Nebenercheinungen, die ihr zugeschrieben, sehr Klein sind; 4) - In keinem Fall kann man dem Medikament die Verantwortung Fürdie vorgekommenen Todesfällgeben.

Resumo em Português:

Os autores estudam a ação do ciclamato e do cloridrato de 2, 3, 5, 6, - Tetrahidro-6-fenil-imidazo (2,1-b) tiazol no tratamento da ascaridiose. Foram tratados ao todo 84 indivíduos sendo 48 com o cloridrato e 36 com o ciclamato. O índice de cura com o primeiro foi de 83,9% e com o segundo de 76,4%. Nenhuma reação colateral foi observada com o emprêgo do cloridrato sendo que com o ciclamato 53,6 dos pacientes apresentaram sintomas discretos de intolerância. Os índices de cura assemelham-se aos observados com a piperazina que é a medicação clássica para terapêutica da ascaridiose.

Resumo em Inglês:

Studies were carried out on the action of cyclamate and hydrochloride 2, 3, 5, 6 tetrahidro-6-fenil-imidazo (2,1-b) tiazol in the treatment of ascariasis. Eighty four patients were treated, 48 with hydrochloride and 36 with cyclamate. The percentage of cure with hydrochloride was 83,9 and with the cyclamate 76,4. No side-effects were observed with the hydrochloride while with the cyclamate 53,6% of the patients showed mild symptoms of intolerance. The percentages of cure were similar to those observed with the use of piperazine most commonly used in the treatment of ascariasis.