Background noise analysis in urban airport surroundings of Brazilian cities, Congonhas Airport, São Paulo

Scatolini, Fabio; Alves, Cláudio Jorge Pinto

doi:10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006431

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Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. Saúde Pública 50 • 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006431 copy

Background noise analysis in urban airport surroundings of Brazilian cities, Congonhas Airport, São Paulo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE

To perform a quantitative analysis of the background noise at Congonhas Airport surroundings based on large sampling and measurements with no interruption.

METHODS

Measuring sites were chosen from 62 and 72 DNL (day-night-level) noise contours, in urban sites compatible with residential use. Fifteen sites were monitored for at least 168 hours without interruption or seven consecutive days. Data compilation was based on cross-reference between noise measurements and air traffic control records, and results were validated by airport meteorological reports. Preliminary diagnoses were established using the standard NBR-13368. Background noise values were calculated based on the Sound Exposure Level (SEL). Statistic parameters were calculated in one-hour intervals.

RESULTS

Only four of the fifteen sites assessed presented aircraft operations as a clear cause for the noise annoyance. Even so, it is possible to detect background noise levels above regulation limits during periods of low airport activity or when it closes at night.

CONCLUSIONS

All the sites monitored showed background noise levels above regulation limits between 7:00 and 21:00. In the intervals between 6:00-6:59 and 21:00-22:59 the noise data, when analyzed with the current airport operational characteristics, still allow the development of additional mitigating measures.

Airports; Noise, Transportation, adverse effects; Noise Measurement; Sound Contamination; Urban Area

Measuring site	No. of hours of the sample	LEq of total noise (dB/hour)	Min LEq – max LEq (dB–hour)	Average of overflights per hour	LEq of background noise (dB/hour)	Average of nominal differences (dB)	Remarks
Sector 01
11 – Anne Frank Municipal Library	56	61.3	53.8–65.5	14	55.8	5.4	Exclusively residential area. Background noise 1 dB(A) above limit.
13 – São Germano Clinic	56	59.9	53.8–64.1	14	57.3	2.6	Area of mixed use. Total noise in the limit allowed.
12 – EMEF Mary Aux. D´Alquimin Bastos	71	65.3	59.5–67.6	15	58.1	7.2	Site right below the runway axis. Area of mixed use. Moderate to intense traffic.
Sector 02
23 – EE Napoleão de Carvalho Freire	59	60.6	54.8–64.1	14	56.5	4.1	Exclusively residential area. Background noise 1.5 dB(A) above the limit.
27 – Franciscano Nossa Senhora Aparecida School	58	54.7	42.5–63.7	14	54.7	ZERO	Measured during school winter recess. Area of mixed use. Aircraft noise is blocked by nearby buildings.
25 – Pinheiros Orthopedic Clinic	45	61.4	56.5–64.4	18	56.5	4.8	Area of mixed use. Cobblestones pavement. Moderate to intense traffic.
21 – Brandão Educational Center	118	62.6	53.4–72.9	16	61.8	0.8	Area of mixed use. Relief favorable to reduction of aircraft noise. Background noise 1.8 dB(A) above the limit.
26 – Augusto Laranja School	112	65.5	59.9–70.8	16	62.4	3.1	Exclusively residential area. Site right below the runway axis. Background noise 2.4 dB(A) above the limit.
28 – Ibirapuera University	118	63.8	58.6–69.7	16	62.5	1.3	Area of mixed use with commercial predominance. Intense bus traffic. Background noise 2.5 dB(A) above the limit.
29 – EMEF Chiquinha Rodrigues	113	60.7	52.3–69.1	16	57.0	3.7	Area of mixed use. Cobblestones pavement. Moderate to intense traffic.

Measuring site	No. of hours of the sample	Arithmetic mean of the total noise (dB/hour)	Min avg – Max avg (dB–hour)	Average of overflights per hour	Arithmetic mean of the background noise (dB/hour)	Average of nominal differences	Observations

Sector 04
48 – EMEF Armando de Arruda Pereira	64	62.9	58.8–70.8	18	58.7	4.2	Residential area. Relief unfavorable to noise attenuation. Site very sensitive between 19:00 and 21:00, when the heading is inverted. Background noise 3 dB(A) above the limit.
41 – Faculdade Colégio Montessori	70	65.7	53.8–71.1	17	64.8	0.9	Area of mixed use. Bus route. Moderate traffic. Measured during school winter holidays.
44 – Nossa Senhora de Lourdes Hospital	51	61.3	56.7–68.1	17	59.2	2.1	Area of mixed use. Site right below the runway axis. Moderate and disorganized access traffic to the hospital, even on weekends.
45 – Botanical Institute	70	53.7	41.2–63.1	16	ND	0	Aircraft taking off in high altitude. No vehicular traffic. Imperceptible/inaudible aircraft noise.
49 – Nossa Senhora das Graças School	21	67.1	61.6–79.5	17	62.9	4.2	Influence of highway’s noise. Small sampling because of the maintenance activity next to the equipment. Background noise 7 dB(A) above the limit.

Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel./Fax: +55 11 3061-7985 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revsp@usp.br

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[1] Correspondence: Fabio Scatolini Rua Antônio Basílio, 519/403 Tijuca 20511-190 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil E-mail: fabio.scatolini@gmail.com