Association of social factors and health conditions with capacity and performance

Barreto, Marina Carvalho Arruda; Cartes-Velásquez, Ricardo; Campos, Valeria; Araújo, Larissa Fortunato; Castro, Shamyr Sulyvan de

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004152

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Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 56 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004152 linkcopy

Association of social factors and health conditions with capacity and performance

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE Determine and measure the association of social factors and health conditions with worse capacity and performance levels.

METHODS Dependent variables consisted of performance and capacity; independent variables comprised age, gender, level of education, personal income, and health conditions. Means (95%CI) of performance and capacity were presented according to the independent variables. Generalized linear models, using a mutual adjustment for all variables considered statistically significant (p < 0.05), measured the associations between each exposure and outcomes. Study population included 12,265 individuals.

RESULTS Older women with lower education and income levels and with some health condition showed the worst performance and capacity.

CONCLUSION Results showed that the capacity and performance levels of the Chilean population changed according to social demographic characteristics and health conditions.

Disability Evaluation; Health Status; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors

Variables	n (12,265)	%	95%CI
Age group (years)
< 38	3,955	35.36	34.07–36.67
38–57	4,373	36.41	35.22–37.61
58–77	3,125	22.88	21.86–23.93
> 77	812	4.84	4.84–5.89
Gender
Male	5,307	48.28	47.18–49.39
Female	6,958	51.71	50.60–52.81
Level of education
Complete tertiary	2,138	17.81	16.62–19.06
Incomplete tertiary	1,293	12.68	11.77–13.62
Complete secondary	3,412	28.04	26.93–29.19
Incomplete secondary	1,760	14.15	13.29–15.06
Complete primary	1,414	11.05	10.20–11.95
Incomplete primary	1,906	13.73	12.86–14.65
Illiterate	337	2.53	2.19–2.91
Income (quintiles)
V (Best)	2,199	18.19	16.97 – 19.49
IV	2,409	20.77	19.73 – 21.85
III	2,508	21.25	20.23 – 22.31
II	2,559	20.86	19.73 – 22.03
I (Worse)	2,590	18.91	17.96 – 19.89
Chronic diseases
Hypertension	3,378	26.34	25.27 – 27.44
Arthrosis	2,181	16.70	15.75 – 17.70
Respiratory diseases	519	3.74	3.30 – 4.22
Low back pain	2,737	22.06	21.02 – 23.13
Migrane	1,981	15.89	15.01 – 16.80
Anxiety	1,633	12.85	11.99 – 13.76
Dementia	111	0.78	0.62 – 0.99
Chronic kidney disease	291	2.30	1.95 – 2.71
Rheumatic disease	224	1.59	1.32 – 1.91
Cerebral palsy	19	0.15	0.08 – 0.26
Sleep disorders	1,448	11.19	10.38 – 12.04

Variables	Capacity (n = 12,265)		Performance (n = 12,265)
Variables	Mean	95%CI	Mean	95%CI
Age group (years)
< 38	19.77	19.13–20.41	23.21	27.46–28.95
38–57	27.24	26.52–27.96	34.25	33.52–34.98
58–77	34.13	33.28–34.99	39.81	38.95–40.67
> 77	45.11	43.52–46.70	48.47	47.17–49.76
Gender
Male	23.75	23.11–24.39	31.03	30.35–31.72
Female	30.29	26.67–30.91	37.05	36.45–37.65
Level of education
Complete tertiary	21.63	20.70–22.56	28.72	27.64–29.79
Incomplete tertiary	21.13	20.00–22.25	29.10	27.70–30.51
Complete secondary	25.46	24.72–26.21	32.58	31.75–33.40
Incomplete secondary	28.09	27.00–29.17	35.69	34.71–36.66
Complete primary	31.60	30.21–32.98	37.82	36.59–39.05
Incomplete primary	35.17	34.09–36.26	41.83	40.84–42.82
Illiterate	45.80	43.33–48.26	48.49	46.50–50.49
Income (quintiles)
V (Best)	22.58	21.58–23.57	29.23	28.10–30.36
IV	25.74	24.86–26.63	32.74	31.73–33.75
III	27.04	26.07–28.01	34.28	33.30–35.27
II	30.03	29.06–30.99	36.91	36.04–37.78
I (Worse)	29.94	29.00–30.87	37.20	36.29–38.11
Hypertension
No	23.67	23.17–24.16	31.24	30.68–31.80
Yes	36.81	36.01–37.62	42.26	41.54–42.99
Arthrosis
No	24.18	23.75–24.61	31.55	31.05–32.06
Yes	41.84	40.91–42.77	47.06	46.40–47.72
Respiratory disease
No	26.53	26.07–27.00	33.62	33.11–34.13
Yes	42.45	40.11–44.80	47.60	46.03–49.16
Low back pain
No	24.38	23.90–24.85	31.41	30.88–31.95
Yes	36.86	36.02–37.70	43.80	43.12–44.48
Migrane
No	25.33	24.84–25.82	32.40	31.88–32.92
Yes	36.65	35.61–37.69	43.36	42.45–44.27
Anxiety
No	25.41	24.95–25.88	32.42	31.91–32.92
Yes	38.77	37.58–39.97	45.83	44.93–46.74
Dementia
No	26.86	26.41–27.32	33.95	33.46–34.45
Yes	60.68	57.47–63.89	58.07	55.96–60.17
Chronic kidney disease
No	26.73	26.27–27.19	33.80	33.30–34.30
Yes	44.03	41.48–46.58	48.67	46.72–50.62
Rheumatic disease
No	26.85	26.39–27.32	33.89	33.39–34.39
Yes	44.22	41.98–46.46	49.78	48.26–51.31
Cerebral palsy
No	27.09	26.63–27.55	34.11	33.62–34.61
Yes	53.19	46.16–60.23	54.68	49.44–59.92
Sleep disorders
No	25.10	24.63–25.57	32.44	31.94–32.95
Yes	43.26	42.31–44.20	47.64	48.80–48.47

Variables	Capacity Unadjusted model	Capacity Adjusted model	Performance Unadjusted model	Performance Adjusted model
Variables	AMR (95%CI)	AMR (95%CI)	AMR (95%CI)	AMR (95%CI)
Age group (years)
< 38	1		1	1
38–57	1.37 (1.32–1.43)	1.20 (1.15–1.25)	1.21 (1.17–1.25)	1.09 (1.05–1.13)
58–77	1.72 (1.66–1.79)	1.37 (1.30–1.44)	1.41 (1.36–1.45)	1.17 (1.12–1.22)
> 77	2.28 (2.17–2.39)	1.68 (1.58–1.80)	1.71 (1.65–1.78)	1.37 (1.30–1.44)
Gender
Male	1	1	1	1
Female	1.27 (1.23–1.31)	1.13 (1.09–1.17)	1.19 (1.16–1.22)	1.09 (1,06–1.11)
Level of education
Complete tertiary	1	1	1	1
Incomplete tertiary	0.97 (0.91–1.04)	1.05 (0.98–1.12)	1.01 (0.95–1.07)	1.04 (0.98–1.10)
Complete secondary	1.17 (1.12–1.23)	1.06 (1.00–1.12)	1.13 (1.08–1.18)	1.04 (0.99–1.09)
Incomplete secondary	1.29 (1.22–1.37)	1.10 (1.03–1.17)	1.24 (1.18–1.29)	1.09 (1.04–1.15)
Complete primary	1.46 (1.37–1.55)	1.08 (1.01–1.15)	1.31 (1.25–1.38)	1.06 (1.01–1.12)
Incomplete primary	1.62 (1.54–1.71)	1.17 (1.10–1.25)	1.45 (1.39–1.52)	1.15 (1.10–1.21)
Illiterate	2.11 (1.97–2.27)	1.51 (1.38–1.65)	1.68 (1.59–1.78)	1.31 (1.22–1.40)
Income (quintiles)
V (Best)	1	1	1	1
IV	1.14 (1.07–1.20)	1.04 (0.98–1.11)	1.12 (1.06–1.17)	1.05 (1.00–1.10)
III	1.19 (1.13–1.26)	1.06 (1.00–1.13)	1.17 (1.11–1.23)	1.07 (1.02–1.13)
II	1.32 (1.26–1.40)	1.12 (1.05–1.19)	1.26 (1.20–1.32)	1.11 (1.06–1.16)
I (Worse)	1.32 (1.25–1.39)	1.11 (1.04–1.18)	1.27 (1.21–1.33)	1.11 (1.06–1.16)
Chronic diseases
Hypertension	1.55 (1.51–1.60)	1.13 (1.09–1.17)	1.35 (1.32–1.38)	1.08 (1.05–1.11)
Arthrosis	1.73 (1.68–1.77)	1.19 (1.15–1.24)	1.49 (1.46–1.52)	1.15 (1.12–1.17)
Respiratory diseases	1.59 (1.50–1.69)	1.16 (1.10–1.23)	1.41 (1.36–1.46)	1.13 (1.09–1.17)
Low back pain	1.51 (1.47–1.55)	1.25 (1.22–1.29)	1.39 (1.36–1.42)	1.21 (1.18–1.24)
Migrane	1.44 (1.39–1.49)	1.22 (1.18–1.26)	1.33 (1.30–1.37)	1.16 (1.35–1.19)
Anxiety	1.52 (1.47–1.58)	1.28 (1.23–1.33)	1.41 (1.38–1.44)	1.24 (1.21–1.28)
Dementia	2.25 (2.13–2.38)	1.45 (1.34–1.57)	1.71 (1.64–1.77)	1.25 (1.18–1.33)
Chronic kidney disease	1.64 (1.55–1.74)	1.20 (1.19–1.28)	1.43 (1.38–1.50)	1.13 (1.08–1.19)
Rheumatic disease	1.64 (1.56–1.73)	1.20 (1.12–1.29)	1.46 (1.42–1.51)	1.14 (1.09–1.20)
Cerebral palsy	1.96 (1.71–2.24)	1.71 (1.33– 2.20)	1.60 (1.45–1.76)	1.42 (1.21–1.66)
Sleep disorders	1.72 (1.67–1.77)	1.30 (1.26–1.34)	1.46 (1.43–1.50)	1.17 (1.14–1.20)

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[TFN1] 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.