The penetration ability of ARS-1590, ARS-1261 and ARS-1229 isolates of Zoophthora radicans (Brefeld) Batko on fifth-instar Empoasca kraemeri (Hoss & Moore) nymphs, at 20°C and 100% relative humidity (RH), were investigated and compared. The apressorium formation and isolates penetration began within the six hours after inoculation. The penetration occured in greater proportion in the abdome, followed by the thorax and head, more often through membranes than sclerites.
insecta; leafhopper; entomophthorales; biological control