Interdisciplinarity in mental health care practices: an integrative literature review

Giacomini, Eduardo; Rizzotto, Maria Lucia Frizon

doi:10.1590/0103-11042022E623I

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REVIEW • Saúde debate 46 (spe6) • Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-11042022E623I copy

Interdisciplinarity in mental health care practices: an integrative literature review

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ABSTRACT

This is a qualitative research, built as an integrative review focused on compiling and analyzing information on the expression of interdisciplinarity in mental health care practices. Data collection took place between May and August 2021, in the BVS, SciELO, Scopus, Academic Google, OpenGrey, and ProQuest databases, in Portuguese, English, Spanish, French, or Italian. Using the SPIDER strategy, the following were defined: scenario, subject of interest, design, evaluation, and type of research, allowing the bibliographic profile of the records to be presented; characterizing the practices and analyze the characteristics of interdisciplinarity in mental health work. The 43 productions that made up the corpus of the study were analyzed descriptively and using thematic content analysis technique, discussed in the light of the theoretical framework of collective health. Four thematic units were identified: ‘concept’, ‘operationality’, ‘objective’, and ‘attributes’. It was concluded that there is a theoretical emptying regarding what characterizes interdisciplinarity in the mental health work scenario; that interdisciplinarity represents an opportunity to overcome the biomedical model of care; and that there are limits and possibilities for its realization. Teamwork, matrix support, and continuing education are considered to favor an interdisciplinary attitude.

KEYWORDS
Interdisciplinary placement; Mental health; Public health; Patient care team.

S - SETTING	Health services.
PI - PHENOMENON OF INTEREST	Care practices in mental health considered, by the authors, as interdisciplinary; or theoretical discussion about interdisciplinarity in the context of mental health work.
D - DESIGN	The only restrictions regarding the design are the exclusion of studies carried out as narrative bibliographic reviews; integrative bibliographic reviews; editorials; and content published on websites, blogs or magazines that do not meet scientific production standards.
E - EVALUATION	Profile of selected records; characteristics of the interventions offered and the teams that conduct them; and conceptual and theoretical attributes of interdisciplinarity applied in mental health work.
R - RESEARCH TYPE	The selection of qualitative, quantitative, quali-quantitative studies and their variations is considered.

Title / authors /publication year	Database	Language	Country	Research objective or question
“A percepção sobre o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional dos trabalhadores de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em Salvador, Bahia, Brazil” (Anjos Filho; Souza, 2017).	VHL SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Know the perception of the professionals who are part of a team about multidisciplinary work.
“Acompanhamento terapêutico e ação interdisciplinar na atenção psicossocial” (Pitiá, 2013).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Discuss the relationship between the action of therapeutic follow-up and interdisciplinarity in health, involved in the field of psychosocial care.
“An Integrated Care Initiative to Improve Patient Outcome in Schizophrenia” (Mayer-Amberg; Woltmann; Walther, 2016).	Scopus	English	Switzerland	Evaluate the impact of integrated care on hospitalization and satisfaction of schizophrenic individuals.
“An interdisciplinary mental wellbeing intervention for increasing flourishing: two experimental studies” (Przybylko; Morton; Morton; Renfrew; Hinze, 2021).	Scopus	English	USA	Investigate whether an online interdisciplinary intervention is capable of impacting the ‘flourishing’.
“An interprofessional nurse-led mental health promotion intervention for older home care clients with depressive symptoms” (Markle-Reid; McAiney; Forbes; Thabane; Gibson; Browne; Hoch; Peirce; Busing, 2014).	Scopus	English	England	Examine the feasibility and acceptability of an interprofessional intervention, led by nurses, in promoting mental health in elderly people under home care.
“Análise do processo de acolhimento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil: considerações de uma investigação etnográfica” (Moreira; Torrenté; Jucá, 2018).	Scopus	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the welcoming practices for children and adolescents, developed by professionals at a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents.
“Arte e mediação terapêutica: sobre um dispositivo com adolescentes na clínica-escola” (Lima; Martins; Rocha; Parente Junior; Castro; Pinheiro; Domingues, 2013).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Build an interdisciplinary clinical device, favoring the therapeutic mediation of art.
“Avaliação do trabalho multiprofissional do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família” (Reis; Medeiros; Pacheco; Caixeta, 2016).	Scopus	Portuguese	Brazil	Understand the meanings attributed by care actors to the work carried out in a unit of the Family Health Support Center.
“Concepções de uma equipe de saúde mental sobre interdisciplinaridade” (Schneider; Souza; Nasi; Camatta; Machineski, 2009).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Understanding the conceptions of a mental health team about interdisciplinarity
“Construindo saberes no trabalho em saúde mental: experiências de formação em saúde” (Rosa; Andrade; Oliveira; Silva; Ferreira; Inácio; Araðjo, 2015).	SciELO Scopus	Portuguese	Brazil	Present experiences developed from the interaction between knowledge in the area of mental health, mediated by the PET-Saúde/Rede de Atenção Project.
“Entre saúde e educação: sobre um ambulatório de saúde mental infantojuvenil” (Brandão Junior; Canavêz; Ramos, 2017).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Report an experience based on the logic of expanded outpatient care, in conjunction with the field of education.
“Experiências de uma equipe interdisciplinar de saúde mental” (Moretto; Terzis, 2012).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Investigate, describe and understand some emotional experiences of an interdisciplinary mental health team.
“Gestão do cuidado e interdisciplinaridade: desafios do cotidiano da atenção psicossocial” (Pessoa; Jorge; Lourinho; Catrib, 2018).	VHL Google Acadêmico SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Understand the challenges faced by workers in daily psychosocial care.
“Grupo Terapêutico Interdisciplinar: experiência entre farmácia e psicologia” (Lopes; Almeida; Gomes; Silva; Lima; Dantas; Gondim, 2017).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Describe the interdisciplinary experience lived by Pharmacy and Psychology undergraduates in monitoring therapeutic groups at a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents.
“Interdisciplinaridade e Atenção à Saúde Mental em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS): produção de sentidos e subjetividades” (Oliveira, 2018).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Investigate meanings of interdisciplinarity in mental health care for professionals who work in Psychosocial Care Centers.
“Interdisciplinaridade: fortalecendo a rede de cuidado em saúde mental” (Azevedo; Filha; Silva; Faustino; Araruna; Barros, 2012).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Identify strategies developed in substitutive services, which aim at interdisciplinarity in the context of actions in mental health and psychosocial rehabilitation.
“Interdisciplinaridade no processo de trabalho em Centro de Atenção Psicossocial” (Jorge; Sales; Pinto; Sampaio, 2010).	VHL Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the work process of the team of mental health professionals at the Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS).
“Implementation of a collaborative care model for the treatment of depression and anxiety in a community health center: results from a qualitative case study” (Sanchez; Eghaneyan; Mitschke, 2014).	Scopus	English	USA	Examine the implementation of a collaborative care model in a primary care clinic.
“O enfermeiro na equipe interdisciplinar do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial e as possibilidades de cuidar” (Rocha, 2005).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Deepen the knowledge about the positioning of nurses in the interdisciplinary team of the Psychosocial Care Center.
“O trabalho multiprofissional nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de São Paulo” (Jafelice; Marcolan, 2018)	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze how professionals understood multi, inter and transprofessionality and how these practices were carried out in the CAPS of São Paulo/SP.
“O trabalho psicossocial em rede: uma experiência no município de Cajamar” (Ansara; Taffarello, 2015).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Report the experience of a community psychosocial practice, based on the services of the Reference and Social Assistance Center (CRAS).
“Objeto e tecnologias do processo de trabalho de uma equipe itinerante em saúde mental” (Eslabão; Pinho; Coimbra; Lima; Camatta; Santos, 2018).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the object and technologies of the work process of an itinerant team that cares for drug users.
“O trabalho com grupos no PAIF: um diálogo interdisciplinar com a oficina de intervenção psicossocial” (Afonso; Fadul, 2015).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Systematize the contributions of the Psychosocial Intervention Workshop to the work with groups in the Family Protection and Comprehensive Care Service (PAIF).
“Participação e interdisciplinaridade: uma abordagem inovadora de meta-avaliação” (Furtado; Laperrière; Silva, 2014).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Assess the housing situation of two clientele of people with Severe Mental Disorder, in the context of the Brazilian psychiatric reform.
“Percepções sobre o processo de trabalho em um centro de atenção psicossocial infanto-juvenil” (Beloti; Quintanilha; Tristão; R. Neto; Avellar, 2017).	SciELO Scopus	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the perceptions of health professionals about the work process and the production of care, given the merger of a Psychosocial Care Center Alcohol and Drugs for Children and Adolescents and a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents.
“Práticas de cuidado extramuros nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas: a ocupação cidadã” (Fonseca; Gallassi, 2021).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Investigate the outside practices carried out by professionals who work in Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Other Drugs.
“Práticas psicossociais em psicologia: um convite para o trabalho em rede” (Oliveira; Caldana, 2014).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Present reflections of psychologists from Psychosocial Care Centers on aspects of their psychosocial practices.
“Práticas que integram a saúde mental à saúde pública: o apoio matricial e a interconsulta” (Silveira, 2012).	VHL SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Address the dissociation between mental health and public health and the practices that propose their integration; analyze health documents that refer to this need for integration.
“Produções discursivas sobre o trabalho em equipe no contexto da reforma psiquiátrica: um estudo com trabalhadores de centros de atenção psicossocial” (Silva; Oliveira Filho, 2013).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the discursive productions of workers at Psychosocial Care Centers on the process of teamwork.
“Programa ‘UEPG Abraça’: uma perspectiva interdisciplinar sobre a saúde mental na universidade” (Floriano; Martins; Brabicoski; Silva, 2020).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Discuss the activities carried out by the psychosocial care service Program “UEPG Abraça”, and report the perspective of the multidisciplinary team on the work process.
“Psicologia e trabalho interdisciplinar na Atenção Primária: um relato de experiência” (Mesquita; Perucchi; Mattos, 2017).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Present an experience report on the activity of a psychology resident in a multidisciplinary team.
“Psicologia em ação no SUS: a interdisciplinaridade posta à prova” (Couto; Schimith; Dalbello-Araujo, 2013).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the consequences of an intervention that took place during the internship project “Psychology and Collective Health: Promoting Health in the Community”, at a Basic Health Unit.
“Psiquiatria no século XXI: transformações a partir da integração com a atenção primária pelo matriciamento” (Fortes; Menezes; Athié; Chazan; Rocha; Thiesen; Ragoni; Pithon; Machado, 2014).	VHL SciELO Scopus	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the participation of Psychiatry in the organization of PHC-centered mental health care.
“Práticas inovadoras de saúde mental na atenção básica: apoio matricial na redefinição do processo de trabalho em saúde” (Vasconcelos; Jorge; Pinto; Pinto; Simões; Maia Neto, 2012).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the matrix support strategy and its constant developments.
“Rede de atenção psicossocial: adequação dos papéis e funções desempenhados pelos profissionais” (Santos; Pessoa Junior; Miranda, 2018).	VHL	Portuguese	Brazil	Verify the adequacy of the roles and functions performed by higher education professionals in the services of the psychosocial care network of a capital in the Brazilian Northeast.
“Relations between mental health team characteristics and work role performance” (Fleury; Grenier; Bamvita; Farand, 2017).	VHL	English	Canada	Determine the association between job role performance and a wide range of variables related to the effectiveness of teams; evaluate the covariance between each of these variables, and the correlation with external variables.
“Saúde mental e trabalho interdisciplinar: a experiência do ‘Cândo Ferreira’, em Campinas” (Queiroz; Delamuta, 2011).	Google Acadêmico SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Analyze the psychiatric reform process from the perspective of the interdisciplinary work of a health service.
“Saúde mental, intersetorialidade e questão social: um estudo na ótica dos sujeitos” (Scheffer; Silva, 2014).	SciELO	Portuguese	Brazil	Identify the access of people with mental disorders to the network and analyze intersectoral team work.
“The effectiveness of na online interdisciplinary intervention for mental health promotion: a randomized controlled trial” (Przybylko; Morton; Kent; Morton; Hinze; Beamish; Renfrew, 2021).	Scopus	English	England	Examine whether an online interdisciplinary intervention was able to improve measures of mental health and emotional well-being.
“The Missouri Prevention Center: a multidisciplinary approach to reducing the societal prevalence and burden of youth mental health problems” (Herman; Reinke; Thompson; Hawley, 2019).	VHL Scopus	English	USA	Describe the multidisciplinary contributions of the Missouri Prevention Center in improving the social, behavioral and emotional aspects of young people.
“Trabalho em Equipe na Saúde Mental: o desafio interdisciplinar em um Caps” (Vasconcellos, 2010).	Google Acadêmico	Portuguese	Brazil	Investigate the possibilities and obstacles of interdisciplinary integration Center for Psychosocial Care.
“Variables associated with interprofessional collaboration: a comparison between primary healthcare and specialized mental health teams” (Kebe; Chiocchio; Bamvita; Fleury, 2020).	SciELO Scopus	English	England	This study has two objectives: first, to identify, analyze and compare variables associated with interprofessional collaboration in teams of mental health workers.
“Why Collaborative Care for Depressed Patients is so Difficult: a belgian qualitative study” (Broeck; Ketterer; Remmen; Vanmeerbeek; Destoop; Dom, 2017).	Scopus	English	Belgium	Identify limits to interdisciplinary collaboration between physicians in the treatment of severely depressed patients; identify and measure variables that can contribute to improving collaboration between the first and second levels of Belgian health care, in the treatment of depressed patients.

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[1] Conflict of interests: non-existent