This article consists of a theoretical study aiming to contribute to the debate on the need for a new sociological approach in Brazil which not only uses indices as analytical tools for researching, but also, thinks on how contemporary society was reoriented and reconfigured by them. I do that by theoretically drawing this new research area by using some ideas of Foucault, Hacking, Porter, Desrosières and Goede. Finally, I point out the emergence of sustainability indexes in the public sphere, as well as in the financial sphere, as central issues to the understanding of the current power configurations in the Brazilian society, which is, in turn, increasingly incorporating these tools to measure different aspects of social reality.
Indexes; Governement; Financial Markets; Sustainability; Sociology of Science