BEST PRACTICES IN NEWBORN CARE IN COVID-19 TIMES: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

an integrative review conducted in April 2020 at National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus, through combinations between the controlled terms “newborn”, “coronavirus infections”, and “COVID-19”.

Results:

nineteen studies made up the final sample, from which five analytical categories emerged on best practices in newborn care: Pregnant women and puerperal women suspected of having COVID-19; Pregnant and puerperal women with confirmation for COVID-19; Newborns suspected of having COVID-19; Newborns with confirmation for COVID-19; and Horizontal transmission prevention of COVID-19 to newborns.

Conclusion:

several recommendations were divergent, due to the contemporary pandemic of COVID-19. Therefore, the role of nurses is essential for adherence to best practices, which are proven and recommended nationally and internationally, taking into account the local reality and the constant updating of the theme. Therefore, further research is needed, especially with a strong level of evidence, for formulation of assistance guidelines for this population group that contribute to reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality and healthy and harmonious child development during and post-pandemic.

DESCRIPTORS
Newborn; Pandemic; COVID-19; Coronavirus infections; Nursing

Informational Resource	Search Strategy	Located in searches	Identified by title and abstract
PubMed	“newborn” [MeSH Terms] AND “coronavirus infections” [MeSH Terms]	166	14
PubMed	“Newborn” [MeSH Terms] AND “COVID-19” [Title/Abstract]	22	6
CINAHL	“Newborn” [Full text] AND “coronavirus infections” [Full text]	35	2
CINAHL	“Newborn” [Full text] AND “COVID-19” [Full text]	14	4
Scopus	“Newborn” [Key word] AND “coronavirus infections” [Key word]	253	13
Scopus	“newborn” [Key word] AND “COVID-19” [Key word]	13	7
TOTAL		503	46

Code/Title	Country/Source	Objective
P1 - Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (1^st Edition)1515. Working Group for the Prevention and Control of Neonatal 2019-nCoV Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (1st ed). Chin J Contemporary Pediatr. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(2):87-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.001 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J Contemporary Pediatr	To propose recommendations to prevent and control transmission of infections by 2019-nCoV in newborns.
P2 - Perinatal and Neonatal Management Plan for Prevention and Control of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (2^nd Edition)1616. Working Group for the Prevention and Control of Neonatal 2019-nCoV Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2st Edition). Chin J Contemporary Pediatr. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(3):195-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.03.003 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J Contemporary Pediatr	To update the first version to prevent and control transmission of infections by 2019-nCoV in newborns.
P3 - Perinatal aspects on the COVID-19 pandemic: a practical resource for perinatal-neonatal specialists1717. Mimouni F, Lakshminrusimha S, Pearlman SA, Raju T, Gallagher PG, Mendlovic J. Perinatal aspects on the covid-19 pandemic: a practical resource for perinatal-neonatal specialists. J Perinatol. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];40:820-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-020-0665-6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-020-0665-...	Israel and USA J Perinatol	To summarize the available evidence and provide perinatologists and neonatologists with practical tools to manage their patients.
P4 - Potential maternal and infant outcomes from (Wuhan) Coronavirus 2019-nCoV infecting pregnant women: lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections1818. Schwartz DA, Graham AL. Potential maternal and infant outcomes from coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections. Viruses [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];12(2):194. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020194 https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020194...	USA Viruses	To analyze published data that address the epidemiological and clinical effects of SARS, MERS and other coronavirus infections in pregnant women and their children.
P5 - Infants Born to Mothers with a New Coronavirus (COVID-19)1919. Chen Y, Peng H, Wang L, Zhao Y, Zeng L, Gao H, et al. Infants born to mothers with a new coronavirus (COVID-19). Front Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];9(104):1-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.00104 https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.00104...	China Front Pediatr	To describe the clinical course of four babies born alive to pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.
P6 - Managing neonates with respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-22020. Luca DD. Managing neonates with respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2. Child Adolesc Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];4(4):e8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30073-0 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30...	France Lancet Child Adolesc Health	Editorial
P7 - Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: what clinical recommendations to follow?2121. Liang H, Acharya G. Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: what clinical recommendations to follow? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];99:439-42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13836 https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13836...	China, Sweden, and Norway Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand	Editorial
P8 - Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns, infants and children88. Hong H, Wang Y, Chung HT, Chen CJ. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns, infants and children. Pediatr Neonatol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Apr 29];61(2):131-2. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.03.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.03...	China and Taiwan Pediatr Neonatol	Editorial
P9 - COVID-19 virus and children: What do we know?2222. Morand A, Fabre A, Minodier P, Boutin A, Vanel N, Bosdure E, et al. COVID-19 virus and children: what do we know? Arch Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];27(3):117-8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2020.03.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2020.03...	France Arch Pediatr	Editorial
P10 - Dilemmas and Priorities in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemic2323. Breindahl M, Zachariassen G, Christensen PS, Henriksen TB. dilemmas and priorities in the neonatal intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dan Med J [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];67(4):A205021. Available from: https://ugeskriftet.dk/files/scientific_article_files/2020-04/a205021_web.pdf https://ugeskriftet.dk/files/scientific_...	Denmark Dan Med J	Editorial
P11 - Emergency plan for inter-hospital transfer of newborns with SARS-CoV-2 infection2424. Chen Z, Du LZ, Fu JF, Shu Q, Chen ZM, Shi LP, et al. Emergency plan for inter-hospital transfer of newborns with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chin J Contemporary Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(3):226-30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.03.009 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J Contemporary Pediatr	To present the instructions for newborn transference with COVID-19; organization management; protection strategies for the medical team; work procedures; and methods of disinfecting transfer equipment.
P12 - Emergency response plan for the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus2525. Pediatric Committee, Medical Association of Chinese People′s Liberation Army; Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. Emergency response plan for the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus. Chin J of Contemporary Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(2):91-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.002 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J of Contemporary Pediatr	To present the emergency response plan of Neonatal Intensive Care Units during the COVID-19 epidemic.
P13 - Experience of Clinical Management for Pregnant Women and Newborns with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Tongji Hospital, China2626. Wang SS, Zhou X, Lin XG, Liu YY, Wu JL, Sharifu LM, et al. Experience of clinical management for pregnant women and newborns with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Tongji Hospital, China. Curr Med Sci [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];40(2):285-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-020-2174-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-020-2174-...	China Curr Med Sci	To present updated clinical management for pregnant women and newborns with pneumonia due to COVID-19.
P14 - Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection2727. Chen D, Yang H, Cao Y, Cheng W, Duan T, Fan C, et al. Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. Int J Gynaecol Obstet [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];149(2):130-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13146 https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13146...	China Int J Gynaecol Obstet	To provide clinical management guidelines in pregnancy for COVID-19.
P15 - A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in neonatal intensive care units2828. Whan J, Qi H, Bao L, Li F, Shi Y. A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in neonatal intensive care units. Lancet Child Adolesc Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];4(4):258-9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30...	China Lancet Child Adolesc Health	To obtain a contingency plan for the COVID-19 outbreak in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.
P16 - An interpretation on perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2^nd Edition)2929. Wang LS, Hu XJ, Zhou WH. An interpretation on perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2nd Edition). Chin J Contemporary Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(3):199-204. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.03.004 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J Contemporary Pediatr	To interpret the perinatal and neonatal management plan to prevent and control SARS-CoV-2 infection (2^nd Edition).
P17 - Systematic perinatal management of the pregnant women and neonates during the epidemic of COVID-193030. Pu J, Liu XX. Systematic perinatal management of the pregnant women and neonates during the epidemic of COVID-19. Chin J Obstet Gynecol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];55(3):153-6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200221-00123 https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-2...	China Chin J Obstet Gynecol	To present targeted suggestions on all prevention and control of the perinatal period.
P18 - Response plan in the Neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2^nd Edition)3131. Medical Association of Chinese People′s Liberation Army ; Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics; Preparatory Group of Pediatric Disaster, Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association. Response plan in the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2nd Edition). Chin J Contemporary Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];22(3):205-10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.03.005 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830...	China Chin J Contemporary Pediatr	To update a response plan in NICUs unit during the SARS CoV-2 epidemic.
P19 - Safe delivery for pregnancies affected by COVID-193232. Qi H, Luo X, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Li J, Zou L, et al. Safe delivery for pregnancies affected by COVID-19. Int J Gynaecol Obstet [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 May 5];0:1-3. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16231 https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16231...	China and UK. Int J Gynaecol Obstet	Editorial

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:
Fernanda Garcia Bezerra Góes. ferbezerra@gmail.com