The aim of this article é to propose a rational reconstruction of a research program of the neoclassical rationalism as a replacement for the program of the classical rationalism. The neoclassical program has as his main objective the construction of a new conception of science as representation instead of explanation. It is made of three subprograms: the conventionalism/pragmatism of Poincaré, the structural realism of Duhem and the logical empirism.
Conventionalism; Convergent Realism; Neoclassical rationalism