This article on the one hand offers evidence of Spinoza's philosophical merit due to the fact that he propounded the opposition of substance of parts and whole, body and soul, matter and spirit, to unity of substance, since every single part of substance belongs to nature. And on the other hand it presents Feuerbach's critique of Spinoza since Spinoza's philosophy is in fact an identity philosophy which does not recognize, as Hegel also points out, the substance of spirit and the spirit as substance, and does not clearly determinate the unity of matter and spirit because it lacks the truly aspect of difference, determinacy. While Spinoza identifies God with nature (Deus sive natura) and by means of divine nature (substance) overcomes Descartes' contradiction between matter (res extensa) and spirit (res cogitans), Feuerbach wants, in opposition to pantheism, determine the difference between nature and God (aut Deus aut natura).
God and nature in Spinoza; Spinoza critic; Feuerbach