Assessment of Touristic Activities in Brazil: 2012-2020

Abstract:

This paper measures the degree of specialization and decompose the employment growth of the ACTs (Characteristic Tourism Activities in Brazil in the period 2012-2018. To do so, we use the the Locational Quotient and shift-share, considering the number of formal jobs in tourist activities. Moreover, an overview of the sector was traced based on average income, education, gender, age, hours worked and the specialization degree of tourist activities. Our results indicate that no Brazilian state has, simultaneously, specialization in all touristic activities and that the net creation of jobs in the main activities occurred due to specific regional factors. In 2020, a year marked by the Covid-19 pandemic, tourism activity suffered an accumulated decrease of -36.7%, which means a reduction approximately nine times greater than the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product.

Key-words:
tourism activity; employment; specialization degree; Brazil