Tecno-Politizando Escalas Pandêmicas: Os Impactos da Covid-19 pelo Interior do Sul do Brasil

Este artigo contribui ao entendimento dos impactos multidimensionais da pandemia a partir de uma reflexão sobre as dimensões e escalas envolvidas na difusão e enfrentamento à doença em duas cidades do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Ele recupera a cronologia sociotécnica da pandemia em Picada Café durante um momento crítico-a chamada “primeira onda”, de março a setembro de 2020. O artigo também problematiza os resultados de um survey socioeconômico conduzido em outubro de 2020 entre pequenos comerciantes (proprietários e funcionários) situados nas cidades de Picada Café e Nova Petrópolis. No processo de interiorização do Covid-19, está em jogo um amplo conjunto de negociações políticas, econômicas e sociais que difere de seus mecanismos urbanos e que merece ser estudado em detalhes para subsidiar respostas mais efetivas e escalares para o enfrentamento da doença.

Palavras-Chave:
Covid-19; pandemia; interiorização; escala; tecnopolítica; Rio Grande do Sul

Autoria

Moisés Kopper

Université libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Mondes Contemporains, Bruxelles, BelgiumUniversité libre de BruxellesBelgiumBruxelles, BelgiumUniversité libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Mondes Contemporains, Bruxelles, Belgium

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0327-7681

Université libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Mondes Contemporains, 50 av. F.D. Roosevelt, CP 124 B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium. Email: moiseskopper@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (6)
Tabelas (6)

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Example of a graph released by the town hall (original in Portuguese) containing daily updates on the pandemic numbers in Picada Café.

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Meeting of the Municipal Crisis Committee in front of the town hall.

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Liquid soap distributed by the municipal government in an action to raise public awareness on the BR-116 in May 2020

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Excerpt from a town hall post concerning the presence of medications seen at the time as effective in the treatment of COVID-19.

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Sample chart (original in Portuguese) showing the daily case count in July 2020.

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Do you agree with the following statements? Strongly Disagree Partially Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Partially Agree Strongly Agree Businesses that do not respect social distancing protocols must be held legally responsible. 0% (0) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) 37.5% (3) 62.5% (5) Not all businesses in the town should comply with social restrictions and/or isolation measures. 62.5% (5) 0% (0) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) 0% (0) In the region, the pandemic has affected all types of business equally. 12.5% (1) 25% (2) 37.5% (3) 12.5% (1) 12.5% (1) In the region, the pandemic has affected all people equally. 0% (0) 37.5% (3) 12.5% (1) 50% (4) 0% (0) In the region, the pandemic has been affecting older adults in particular. 25% (2) 0% (0) 25% (2) 25% (2) 25% (2)

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Do you agree with the following statements? Strongly Disagree Partially Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Partially Agree Strongly Agree Residents and businesses in the municipality are not those mainly responsible for the spread of the virus. 25% (2) 12.5% (1) 12.5% (1) 50% (4) 0% (0) Tourism has become a problem for the region. 12.5% (1) 0% (0) 50% (4) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) Tourism in the region needs to close its doors until the sanitary conditions for reopening are established. 12.5% (1) 25% (2) 37.5% (3) 25% (2) 0% (0) Slaughterhouses have become a problem for the region. 12.5% (1) 50% (4) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) 0% (0) Slaughterhouses in the region need to close their doors until the sanitary conditions for reopening are established. 50% (4) 25% (2) 25% (2) 0% (0) 0% (0)

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Do you agree with the following statements? Strongly Disagree Partially Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Partially Agree Strongly Agree The state government’s color-coded system helped control the spread of the virus. 12.5% (1) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) 37.5% (3) 12.5% (1) The color-coded system was the best solution to prevent the spread of the virus. 25% (2) 0% (0) 50% (4) 12.5% (1) 12.5% (1)

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Do you agree with the following statements? Strongly Disagree Partially Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Partially Agree Strongly Agree The town hall took all measures to prevent the spread of the virus. 0% (0) 37.5% (3) 25% (2) 37.5% (3) 0% (0) The town hall took all measures to avoid economic damage to the town. 12.5% (1) 25% (2) 37.5% (3) 25% (2) 0% (0)

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Do you agree with the following statements? Strongly Disagree Partially Disagree Neither Agree nor Disagree Partially Agree Strongly Agree There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the federal government. 12.5% (1) 0% (0) 50% (4) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the state governments. 0% (0) 12.5% (1) 50% (4) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the municipal governments. 0% (0) 25% (2) 37.5% (3) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) There was an increase in the circulation of “fake news” due to the pandemic. 0% (0) 0% (0) 25% (2) 25% (2) 50% (4)

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Decreased a lot Decreased somewhat Neither decreased nor increased Increased somewhat Increased a lot Did your interest in politics increase or decrease during the pandemic? 37.5% (3) 25% (2) 0% (0) 25% (2) 12.5% (1) Did your confidence in science increase or decrease during the pandemic? 0% (0) 12.5% (1) 12.5% (1) 25% (2) 50% (4)

Example of a graph released by the town hall (original in Portuguese) containing daily updates on the pandemic numbers in Picada Café.

Source: Facebook

Meeting of the Municipal Crisis Committee in front of the town hall.

Source: Facebook

Liquid soap distributed by the municipal government in an action to raise public awareness on the BR-116 in May 2020

Source: author

Excerpt from a town hall post concerning the presence of medications seen at the time as effective in the treatment of COVID-19.

Source: Facebook

Sample chart (original in Portuguese) showing the daily case count in July 2020.

Source: Facebook

Do you agree with the following statements?	Strongly Disagree	Partially Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Partially Agree	Strongly Agree
Businesses that do not respect social distancing protocols must be held legally responsible.	0% (0)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)	37.5% (3)	62.5% (5)
Not all businesses in the town should comply with social restrictions and/or isolation measures.	62.5% (5)	0% (0)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)	0% (0)
In the region, the pandemic has affected all types of business equally.	12.5% (1)	25% (2)	37.5% (3)	12.5% (1)	12.5% (1)
In the region, the pandemic has affected all people equally.	0% (0)	37.5% (3)	12.5% (1)	50% (4)	0% (0)
In the region, the pandemic has been affecting older adults in particular.	25% (2)	0% (0)	25% (2)	25% (2)	25% (2)

Do you agree with the following statements?	Strongly Disagree	Partially Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Partially Agree	Strongly Agree
Residents and businesses in the municipality are not those mainly responsible for the spread of the virus.	25% (2)	12.5% (1)	12.5% (1)	50% (4)	0% (0)
Tourism has become a problem for the region.	12.5% (1)	0% (0)	50% (4)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)
Tourism in the region needs to close its doors until the sanitary conditions for reopening are established.	12.5% (1)	25% (2)	37.5% (3)	25% (2)	0% (0)
Slaughterhouses have become a problem for the region.	12.5% (1)	50% (4)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)	0% (0)
Slaughterhouses in the region need to close their doors until the sanitary conditions for reopening are established.	50% (4)	25% (2)	25% (2)	0% (0)	0% (0)

Do you agree with the following statements?	Strongly Disagree	Partially Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Partially Agree	Strongly Agree
The state government’s color-coded system helped control the spread of the virus.	12.5% (1)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)	37.5% (3)	12.5% (1)
The color-coded system was the best solution to prevent the spread of the virus.	25% (2)	0% (0)	50% (4)	12.5% (1)	12.5% (1)

Do you agree with the following statements?	Strongly Disagree	Partially Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Partially Agree	Strongly Agree
The town hall took all measures to prevent the spread of the virus.	0% (0)	37.5% (3)	25% (2)	37.5% (3)	0% (0)
The town hall took all measures to avoid economic damage to the town.	12.5% (1)	25% (2)	37.5% (3)	25% (2)	0% (0)

Do you agree with the following statements?	Strongly Disagree	Partially Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Partially Agree	Strongly Agree
There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the federal government.	12.5% (1)	0% (0)	50% (4)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)
There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the state governments.	0% (0)	12.5% (1)	50% (4)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)
There was an increase in political corruption due to funds allocated to fight the pandemic in the municipal governments.	0% (0)	25% (2)	37.5% (3)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)
There was an increase in the circulation of “fake news” due to the pandemic.	0% (0)	0% (0)	25% (2)	25% (2)	50% (4)

	Decreased a lot	Decreased somewhat	Neither decreased nor increased	Increased somewhat	Increased a lot
Did your interest in politics increase or decrease during the pandemic?	37.5% (3)	25% (2)	0% (0)	25% (2)	12.5% (1)
Did your confidence in science increase or decrease during the pandemic?	0% (0)	12.5% (1)	12.5% (1)	25% (2)	50% (4)

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Tecno-Politizando Escalas Pandêmicas: Os Impactos da Covid-19 pelo Interior do Sul do Brasil

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[1] Université libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Mondes Contemporains, 50 av. F.D. Roosevelt, CP 124 B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium. Email: moiseskopper@gmail.com