In 1884, the Portuguese government promoted an expedition to the Lunda, the current northeast Angola. Headed by Major Henrique de Carvalho, this expedition featured the work of men and women from different parts of west-central Africa, which proved to be responsible, in large measure, by the progress of the journey. Taking as reference to the narrative of this expedition, produced by Henrique de Carvalho, the purpose of this article is to analyze the performance of these workers who became known as Loandas, considering new forms of labor exploitation after abolition of slave trade and slavery in African regions.
workers; Lunda; Henrique de Carvalho
