This text indicates, although in a briefly way, some of the aspects that characterized the reign of D. João III (1521-1557) with a main objective to make possible other analysis concerning to that period. In that sense, the most traditional constructions on the historiography about the reign of the Piedoso are brought to discussion in the attempt of apprehending his government for beyond the dichotomous liberality register - mark of the first years of government in which the King, in great measure, would have aligned to the humanists ideals -, and the conservatism - with the settlement/establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. As a matter of fact, it intends to provide an enlarged comprehension of a complex political, social and religious period, that it is the time of the constitution of the Imperium Portuguese in the XVI century.
Inquisition; king João III; Humanism