Myxomycetes of the Scientific Herbarium Maria Eneyda P . K . Fidalgo ( SP ) : species of Trichiaceae ( Myxogastromycetidae , Trichiales )

(Myxomycetes of the Scientific Herbarium Maria Eneyda P.K. Fidalgo (SP): species of Trichiaceae (Myxogastromycetidae, Trichiales). This article presents a review of the Trichiaceae collection of the SP Herbarium which holds 128 exsiccates mainly collected from Conservation Units of Atlantic Forest (Parque Nacional da Floresta da Tijuca and Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro State; Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga and Reserva Biológica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba, São Paulo State). Some specimens were collected from Amazon Forest (Pará and Rondônia States), Cerrado, (savanna-like vegetation), coastal environments, and urbanized areas (Minas Gerais and São Paulo States). The Trichiaceae collection is in well preserved conditions, with six genera and 15 species. Arcyria, with six species, represents 60% of all exsiccates. Arcyria denudata (L.) Wetts. is a new record for Pará State, enhancing the knowledge of this species geographic distribution in the Brazilian Amazon Region. A commented list of the species and exsiccates are provided herewith, including the typus of the genus Arcyriatella Hochg. & Gottsb.


Introduction
The nearly 900 species of Myxomycetes currently accepted are distributed in the subclasses Ceratiomyxomycetidae, Stemonitomycetidae and Myxogastromycetidae.The latter, with four orders, among which are the Trichiales which encompass almost 20% of overall species of its Class (Martin et al. 1983, Lado 2005-2013).
As part of the project aimed at producing an inventory of the order Trichiales in Brazilian herbaria, which is supported by CNPq-PROTAX (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), we have analyzed the collection of the Scientific Herbarium Maria Eneyda P. K. Fidalgo (SP), located in the Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, SP.Founded in 1917, the SP Herbarium contains a significant collection of angiosperms, pteridophytes, bryophytes, lichens and fungi from different regions of the country and is one of the few herbaria in Brazil that houses Myxomycetes exsiccates.
The level of conservation of each specimen was evaluated (table 1, figures 1-5) according to criteria described by Cavalcanti et al. (2014) and entered into the list of exsiccates, right after its registration number at the SP Herbarium.The known distribution of the species in Brazil's southeastern region was based upon Cavalcanti (2013).

Results and Discussion
Six genera and 27 species of Trichiaceae have been known to occur in the southeastern region of Brazil, particularly in São Paulo State, in which myxobiota is one of the best explored in the country (Hochgesand & Gottsberger 1996).In the collection of the SP Herbarium, six genera and 15 species are represented, with exsiccates collected mainly in the southeastern region, in the States of São Paulo (86%), Rio de Janeiro (5.30%) and Minas Gerais (0.76%), within biomes such as Atlantic Forest (Restinga Forest, Semi-deciduous Seasonal forest, Dense Ombrophilous Forest) and Cerrado.Eight specimens were collected in the Amazon biome, in the country's northern region, with two in the microregion of Óbidos, in Pará State and six in Rondônia State, in the Reserva Biológica de Jarú, within an environment of Open Ombrophylous Forest.Only a single exsiccate (A.denudata (L.) Wetts., SP 107298) comes from abroad (Maryland-USA).
Although the oldest exsiccate dates back to 1933, the three most recent ones were only collected in 1991 and the collection has not received new materials for nearly 20 years.The specimens are packaged in cardboard boxes and close to 60% of them have well-preserved sporocarps which allowed either the identification or confirmation of the species (figure 6).The exsiccate labels include the following data: State, municipality, locality and collection date, sporulation substrate, collector and determiner.
The collection is small but it stands out for containing 59 specimens collected in São Paulo State, within environments such as restinga, cerrado, rainforest and urban areas by Gerhard K. Gottsberger during his stay in Brazil in the 1960´s and 1970's, in which the following genera were represented: Arcyria, Arcyriatella, Hemitrichia, Perichaena and Trichia.Aside from that, it also contains the first specimens of Myxomycetes collected in Rondônia State during expeditions conducted in the 1980's in the Reserva Biológica de Jarú, Ji-Paraná microregion; and exsiccates SP 233765 and SP 177513 are the first records of the occurrence of A. denudata for Pará State, collected in the mesoregion of the Lower Amazon.

List of the species
Arcyria F.H. Wigg.
The level of conservation of exsiccates SP142161, SP142161 and SP142179, collected in Mogi-Guaçu, SP, has not allowed the species identification.

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Levels of conservation of Trichiaceae exsiccates deposited in the Myxomycetes collection of the Scientific Herbarium Maria Eneyda P. K. Fidalgo (SP).

Table 1 .
Criteria adopted to establish the level of conservation of Myxomycetes exsiccates of the Scientific Herbarium Maria Eneyda P. K. Fidalgo (SP).