Iheringia, Série Zoologia

A new species of Lycidae, Falsocaenia santatereza sp. nov. is described and illustrated. This species is a member of a Müllerian mimicry ring from the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, presenting color pattern also found in other sites of Neotropical region. There are now 15 species from Falsocaenia Pic, 1922, all restricted to Neotropical region. Additionally, a new site of occurrence is registered for Falsocaenia paranana (Pic, 1922).

In the course of investigation of mimicry in Lycidae from the Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil, many individuals sharing particular color patterns were recognized (Nascimento, 2009).One of the undescribed species that belongs to these Müllerian rings is a member of Falsocaenia Pic, 1922, a small genus of the tribe Calopterini currently containing 14 described species.The group has been revised recently (Bocakova et al., 2012), and a new species described later (Ferreira, 2016).Nascimento & Bocakova (2017) elevated F. irregularis var.germaini Pic, 1931 to species rank and extended the distribution of F. paranana (Pic, 1922) to Paraguay, a species described originally from Argentina and also found in Brazil (Nascimento, 2013).Hence, all species of Falsocaenia are restricted to Neotropical region with three species recorded from Brazil so far.
Within Calopterini, members of Falsocaenia are similar to those presumably neotenic taxa Lycomorphon Pic, 1922 andBrasilycus Nascimento &Bocakova, 2010 whose females are unknown (Nascimento & Bocakova, 2009, 2010).Particularly, species of Falsocaenia and Lycomorphon share large rectangular elytral cells, while the cells of Brasilycus are small and irregular.External morphological differences are scanty, but the elytral costa 3 is fully developed in members of Falsocaenia, while reaches only elytral midlength in those of Lycomorphon.Conversely, male genitalia characters as the presence of parameral sulci are shared by Falsocaenia and Brasilycus.With both sexes fully winged, Falsocaenia species can be distinguished from other Calopterini genera by the following combination of diagnostic characters: antennae serrate, pronotum with median longitudinal carina well-developed, bifurcate, forming a longitudinal groove distally, each elytron with 3 longitudinal costae and residual costa 3 present basally, male genitalia with shortened parameres, slender phallus presenting distal portion oval or circularly enlarged, and female genitalia with rudimentary valvifers (Bocakova, 2003;Bocakova et al., 2012).
In this paper we describe and illustrate a new species of Falsocaenia, the fourth registered in Brazil.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The specimens were examined under Zeiss SteREO Discovery V8 stereoscopic microscope and were illustrated using digital photographs taken with Axiocam ERc 5s camera.All measurements are in mm.The eye diameter was measured at the widest point, the interocular distances at the narrowest point.Male genitalia were dissected after short boiling in 10% KOH solution.
Abbreviations Description.Body dark brown to black, pronotum dark brown with lateral sides yellow, elytra dark brown to black with humeral region to 1/3 basal elytra yellow (Fig. 1).Male with maxillary palpomeres 1-2 light brown, palpomeres 3-4 dark brown and labial palpomeres dark brown.In female, maxillary palpomeres 1-2 light brown, palpomere 3 with basal half light brown and apical half dark brown and ultimate palpomere dark brown; first labial palpomere light brown, palpomere 2 with basal half light brown and apical half dark brown, ultimate palpomere dark brown.Legs dark brown, except for whole trochanter and basal 1/5, that present light yellow color.Antennae dark brown, last antennomere with distal 1/3-1/4 yellow in male, antennae entirely dark brown in female.