Original Spermosporella irenopsidis sp. nov. and Spermatoloncha maticola , parasitic on black mildew ( Irenopsis vincensii ) of rubber in Bahia, Brazil

A new species of the genus Spermosporella and a new record of Spermatoloncha maticola are reported parasitizing the black mildew ( Irenopsis vincensii ) on leaves of Hevea brasiliensis the Bahia, Brazil. Both species are described and illustrated and all Spermosporella species are compared.

During a survey of fungi on rubber trees, conducted in August 2016 in Michelin Plantations of Bahia, municipality of Igrapiúna, leaf samples were collected showing colonies of the black mildew (I. vincensii).
In the laboratory, it was found that I. vincensii colonies were parasitized by two fungicolous fungi, corresponding to Spermatoloncha maticola Speg. and a new species of the genus Spermosporella Deighton.
Species of the Meliolales are subject to parasitism by several genera of fungicolous fungi. Phaeostigme Syd. & P. Syd; Eriocercospora Deighton, Ramichloridium Stahel ex de Hoog and Spiropes Cif. have all been reported from Brazil (Batista et al. 1966;Caliman 2015). However, there are no references to Spermosporella and Spermatoloncha associated with Meliolales in Brazil.
Rodriguésia 70: e03342017. 2019 Here, we describe a new species of the genus Spermosporella and report a new record of Spermatoloncha maticola associated with Irenopsis vincensii on Hevea brasiliensis leaves in Bahia, Brazil.

Materials and Methods
Leaf samples from the rubber tree clone CDC 312, colonized by a black mildew in a clonal garden located in Michelin Plantations of Bahia, Igrapiúna municipality, Bahia, Brazil, were collected in August 2016.
In the Fungal Diversity Laboratory, at the Cocoa Research Center (Cepec), municipality of Ilhéus, Bahia, the material was examined under a stereoscopic microscope (MOTIC SMZ -168). Reproductive and somatic structures of the fungi associated with the black mildew were morphologically characterized and photographed using a LeicaDM500 microscope coupled with a digital camera Sony Cyber-shot DSC-WX30. The measurements of the structures were performed using a calibrated ocular micrometer. For observation of intact mycelia, a modified Callan & Carris (2004) technique was used, with the cellulose acetate being replaced with fast drying colorless nail enamel (Risqué Technology), and followed by mounting in PVLG (polyvinyl alcohol + lactic acid + glycerol) (Hosagoudar & Kapoor 1985). The micrographs were done by camera lucida drawings, copied on drawing paper with India ink and scanned.
For taxonomic identification, keys and descriptions of genera and species of mycoparasitic fungi on Meliolales were consulted in the literature (Deighton 1969;Deighton & Pirozinsky 1972;Sutton 1973;McKenzie 1992;Matsushima & Matsushima 1995;Seifert & Gam 2011). Samples were deposited in the CEPEC-Fungi Fungarium (Ceplac, Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil).   The examined material is scarce. The cylindrical conidiophores described by Spegazzini (1908) were not observed. This is the first report of S. maticola in Brazil, and I. vincensii is a new host of S. maticola.  the genera Spermosporella and Spermatoloncha and hence there are no DNA sequences available. Because neither of these genera have been cultured in vitro, DNA extraction depends on processing fungal fragments from fresh specimens. However, during the present study, attempts to extract DNA were unsuccessful.