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Research articles
Research articles should report on original primary research. The information below details the section headings that you should include in your manuscript and what information should be within each section.
Title page
The title page should:
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present a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design e.g.:
"A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized controlled trial", "X is a risk factor for Y: a case control study", "What is the impact of factor X on subject Y: A systematic review"
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or for non-clinical or non-research studies a description of what the article reports
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list the full names, institutional addresses and email addresses for all authors
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if a collaboration group should be listed as an author, please list the Group name as an author. If you would like the names of the individual members of the Group to be searchable through their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the “Acknowledgements” section in accordance with the instructions below
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indicate the corresponding author
Abstract
The Abstract should not exceed 350 words. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract. Reports of randomized controlled trials should follow the CONSORT extension for abstracts. The abstract must include the following separate sections:
Background: the context and purpose of the study
Methods: how the study was performed and statistical tests used
Results: the main findings
Conclusions: brief summary and potential implication
Trial registration: If your article reports the results of a health care intervention on human participants, it must be registered in an appropriate registry and the registration number and date of registration should be in stated in this section. If it was not registered prospectively (before enrollment of the first participant), you should include the words 'retrospectively registered'. See our editorial policies for more information on trial registration
Keywords
Authors can include three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Background
The Background section should explain the background to the study, its aims, a summary of the existing literature and why this study was necessary or its contribution to the field.
Methods
The methods section should include:
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the aim, design and setting of the studythe characteristics of participants or description of materials
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a clear description of all processes, interventions and comparisons. Generic drug names should generally be used. When proprietary brands are used in research, include the brand names in parentheses
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the type of statistical analysis used, including a power calculation if appropriate
Results
This should include the findings of the study including, if appropriate, results of statistical analysis which must be included either in the text or as tables and figures.
Discussion
This section should discuss the implications of the findings in context of existing research and highlight limitations of the study.
Conclusions
This should state clearly the main conclusions and provide an explanation of the importance and relevance of the study reported.
List of abbreviations If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.
References
Advances in Rheumatology uses Vancouver reference style. For example, to cite an article within a journal (no page numbers):
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicine. 2013;11:63.
All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be given a reference number and included in the reference list rather than within the text of the manuscript. They should be provided in full, including both the title of the site and the URL, as well as the date the site was accessed.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Declarations' section including all of the subheadings (please see below for more information).
Reviews
Narrative reviews provide comprehensive and authoritative coverage of a topic area.
Key aims of reviews are to provide systematic and substantial coverage of mature subjects, evaluations of progress in specified areas, and/or critical assessments of emerging technologies.
Reviews should be approximately 4000 words (including abstract) with 75 references. Please do not include headings in your abstract. The Editorial Office reserves the right to request a reduction in the length of a Review. Please refer also to the commissioning letter or contact the Editorial Office for further guidance.
Please note that systematic reviews should be submitted as Research.
Title page
The title page should:
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present a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design e.g.:
"A versus B in the treatment of C: a randomized controlled trial", "X is a risk factor for Y: a case control study", "What is the impact of factor X on subject Y: A systematic review"
-
or for non-clinical or non-research studies: a description of what the article reports
-
list the full names, institutional addresses and email addresses for all authors
-
if a collaboration group should be listed as an author, please list the Group name as an author. If you would like the names of the individual members of the Group to be searchable through their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the “Acknowledgements” section in accordance with the instructions below
-
indicate the corresponding author
Abstract
The Abstract should not exceed 350 words and should be structured with a background, main body of the abstract and short conclusion. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract.
Keywords
Authors can include three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.
Background
The Background section should explain the background to the article, its aims, a summary of a search of the existing literature and the issue under discussion.
Main text
This should contain the body of the article, and may also be broken into subsections with short, informative headings.
Conclusions
This should state clearly the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Declarations' section including all of the subheadings (please see below for more information).
Position article and guidelines
These articles highlight current or evolving clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements, and provide guidance to enhance clinical decision making in the field of rheumatology.
The information below details the appropriate section headings for manuscripts and the information that should be included within each section.
In the case of extensive author contributions as part of a group of equally-contributing authors, a group statement may be used in place of, and/or in addition to, initials.
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For example: “All of the authors provided critical review, relevant edits, and feedback to direct content during multiple rounds of review. In addition, all authors have read and approved the final version of this manuscript.” All authors must still be listed independently in the author listing/acknowledgments. (More details below in 'Authors' Contributions' section.)
Title page
The title page should:
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bullpresent a title that includes, if appropriate, the scientific area under consideration and the group that developed the consensus, e.g.:
“The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer consensus statement on immunotherapy for the treatment of prostate carcinoma”
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list the full names, institutional addresses and email addresses for all authors
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if a collaborative group is listed as an author, please list the group name as an author (e.g., Drs. A, B and C, on behalf of the XYZ Committee). If you would like the names of the individual members of the Group to be searchable through their individual PubMed records, please include this information in the “Acknowledgements” section in accordance with the instructions below
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Indicate the corresponding author
Abstract
The Abstract should not exceed 350 words and should be structured with a background, main body of the abstract and short conclusion. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references.
Background
The Background section should explain the background to the article, its aims, a summary of the existing literature and the issue under discussion.
Methods
The methods section should include:
a clear description of all recommendation processes and comparisons. Generic drug names should generally be used. When proprietary brands are used in research, include the brand names in parentheses
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the type of statistical analysis used, including a power calculation if appropriate
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scale for rating literature
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procedure for managing conflicts of interest
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the characteristics of participants or description of materials
Recommendations
This section contains the body of the article and should be broken into subsections with short, informative headings, such as the following:
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Questions to Explore
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Literature review and analysis
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Recommendations
Conclusions
This should clearly state the main conclusions and include an explanation of their relevance or importance to the field. Furthermore, this should provide a brief statement acknowledging the potential future implications of the consensus topic.
List of abbreviations
If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.
References
Advances in Rheumatology uses Vancouver reference style. For example, to cite an article within a journal (no page numbers):
Rohrmann S, Overvad K, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Jakobsen MU, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, et al. Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicine. 2013;11:63.
All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be given a reference number and included in the reference list rather than within the text of the manuscript. They should be provided in full, including both the title of the site and the URL, as well as the date the site was accessed.
Please note that your manuscript must include a 'Declarations' section including all of the subheadings (please see below for more information).
***Declarations
All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Declarations':
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Ethics approval and consent to participate
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Consent for publication
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Availability of data and material
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Competing interests
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Funding
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Authors' contributions
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Acknowledgements
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Authors' information (optional)
Please see below for details on the information to be included in these sections.
If any of the sections are not relevant to your manuscript, please include the heading and write 'Not applicable' for that section.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, human data or human tissue must:
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include a statement on ethics approval and consent (even where the need for approval was waived)
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include the name of the ethics committee that approved the study and the committee’s reference number if appropriate
Studies involving animals must include a statement on ethics approval.
See our editorial policies for more information.
If your manuscript does not report on or involve the use of any animal or human data or tissue, please state “Not applicable” in this section.
Consent for publication
If your manuscript contains any individual person’s data in any form (including any individual details, images or videos), consent for publication must be obtained from that person, or in the case of children, their parent or legal guardian. All presentations of case reports must have consent for publication.
See our editorial policies for more information on consent for publication.
If your manuscript does not contain data from any individual person, please state “Not applicable” in this section.
Availability of data and materials
All manuscripts must include an ‘Availability of data and materials’ statement. Data availability statements should include information on where data supporting the results reported in the article can be found including, where applicable, hyperlinks to publicly archived datasets analysed or generated during the study. By data we mean the minimal dataset that would be necessary to interpret, replicate and build upon the findings reported in the article. We recognise it is not always possible to share research data publicly, for instance when individual privacy could be compromised, and in such instances data availability should still be stated in the manuscript along with any conditions for access.
Data availability statements can take one of the following forms (or a combination of more than one if required for multiple datasets):
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The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the [NAME] repository, [PERSISTENT WEB LINK TO DATASETS]
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The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].
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The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due [REASON WHY DATA ARE NOT PUBLIC] but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from [third party name] but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of [third party name].
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Not applicable. If your manuscript does not contain any data, please state 'Not applicable' in this section.
Competing interests
All financial and non-financial competing interests must be declared in this section.
Please use the authors initials to refer to each authors' competing interests in this section.
If you do not have any competing interests, please state "The authors declare that they have no competing interests" in this section.
Funding
All sources of funding for the research reported should be declared. The role of the funding body in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript should be declared.
Authors' contributions
The individual contributions of authors to the manuscript should be specified in this section. Guidance and criteria for authorship can be found in our editorial policies.
Please use initials to refer to each author's contribution in this section, for example: "FC analyzed and interpreted the patient data regarding the hematological disease and the transplant. RH performed the histological examination of the kidney, and was a major contributor in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."
Acknowledgements
Please acknowledge anyone who contributed towards the article who does not meet the criteria for authorship including anyone who provided professional writing services or materials.
Authors should obtain permission to acknowledge from all those mentioned in the Acknowledgements section.
See our editorial policies for a full explanation of acknowledgements and authorship criteria.
If you do not have anyone to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.
Group authorship (for manuscripts involving a collaboration group): if you would like the names of the individual members of a collaboration Group to be searchable through their individual PubMed records, please ensure that the title of the collaboration Group is included on the title page and in the submission system and also include collaborating author names as the last paragraph of the “Acknowledgements” section. Please add authors in the format First Name, Middle initial(s) (optional), Last Name. You can add institution or country information for each author if you wish, but this should be consistent across all authors.
Please note that individual names may not be present in the PubMed record at the time a published article is initially included in PubMed as it takes PubMed additional time to code this information.
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