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• Rev. Ambient. Água 9 (2) • June 2014 • https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.1327   copy

Cyanobacteria detection in Guarapiranga Reservoir (São Paulo State, Brazil) using Landsat TM and ETM+ images

Detecção de cianobactérias no reservatório de Guarapiranga (Estado de São Paulo, Brasil) utilizando imagens Landsat TM e ETM+

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstracts

Algae bloom is one of the major consequences of the eutrophication of aquatic systems, including algae capable of producing toxic substances. Among these are several species of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, that have the capacity to adapt themselves to changes in the water column. Thus, the horizontal distribution of cyanobacteria harmful algae blooms (CHABs) is essential, not only to the environment, but also for public health. The use of remote sensing techniques for mapping CHABs has been explored by means of bio-optical modeling of phycocyanin (PC), a unique inland waters cyanobacteria pigment. However, due to the small number of sensors with a spectral band of the PC absorption feature, it is difficult to develop semi-analytical models. This study evaluated the use of an empirical model to identify CHABs using TM and ETM+ sensors aboard Landsat 5 and 7 satellites. Five images were acquired for applying the model. Besides the images, data was also collected in the Guarapiranga Reservoir, in São Paulo Metropolitan Region, regarding the cyanobacteria cell count (cells/mL), which was used as an indicator of CHABs biomass. When model values were analyzed excluding calibration factors for temperate lakes, they showed a medium correlation (R²=0.81, p=0.036), while when the factors were included the model showed a high correlation (R²=0.96, p=0.003) to the cyanobacteria cell count. The empirical model analyzed proved useful as an important tool for policy makers, since it provided information regarding the horizontal distribution of CHABs which could not be acquired from traditional monitoring techniques.

phytoplankton; water quality; environmental health; satellite imagery

A eutrofização em sistemas aquáticos possui como uma de suas consequências as florações de algas, entre elas as algas com a capacidade de produzir toxinas. Dentre elas, algumas espécies de cianobactérias, também conhecidas como algas azul-esverdeadas, se destacam devido ao seu poder de adaptação na coluna da água. Dessa forma, a distribuição horizontal de suas florações é essencial, não apenas para o meio ambiente, mas também para a saúde pública. A utilização do sensoriamento remoto para o mapeamento dessas florações tem sido explorada por meio da modelagem bio-óptica da ficocianina, um pigmento único das cianobactérias de águas interiores. Entretanto, o baixo número de sensores com a banda espectral da absorção da ficociana dificulta o desenvolvimento de modelos semi-analíticos. O trabalho avaliou a utilização de um modelo empírico para a identificação qualitativa de florações de cianobactérias utilizando os sensores TM e ETM+ a bordo dos satélites Landsat 5 e 7. Cinco imagens foram adquiridas para a aplicação do modelo. Além das imagens foram utilizados dados coletados no reservatório de Guarapiranga, na região metropolitana de São Paulo, da contagem de cianobactéria (cel/mL), que foi utilizada como indicador de biomassa de cianobactéria. A análise dos valores do modelo sem a utilização dos fatores de calibração proposta para um lago temperado teve uma média correlação (R²=0.81, p=0.036) já com a utilização dos mesmos fatores de calibração houve uma alta correlação com os valores da contagem de cianobactérias (R²=0.96, p=0.003). O modelo empírico analisado mostrou-se capaz de ser utilizado como uma importante ferramenta para os tomadores de decisão, uma vez que fornece uma informação da distribuição horizontal das florações, que não pode ser obtida por meio das técnicas tradicionais de monitoramento.

fitoplancton; qualidade da água; saúde ambiental; imagens de satélite

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    30 June 2014
  • Date of issue
    June 2014

History

  • Received
    25 Feb 2014
  • Accepted
    03 June 2014
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Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi), Estrada Mun. Dr. José Luis Cembranelli, 5000, Taubaté, SP, Brasil, CEP 12081-010 - Taubaté - SP - Brazil
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