Retinal toxicity of ceftazidime in the infusion fluid for vitrectomy in the rabbit eye

Toxicidade da ceftazidima no líquido de perfusão para vitrectomia em olho de coelho

SUMMARY

Background and Objective:

We investigated the retinal toxicity of ceftazidime, a third-generation cephalosporin, in the infusion fluid during vitrectomy.

Study Desig/Materials and Methods:

Twenty-two New Zealand rabbits underwent examination, electroretinogram, and complete vitrectomy. lnfusion solutions with ceftazidime were u sed in th e right eyes at the following concentrations: 20(n = 2),40(n = 4),80 (n = 5), lOO (n = 2), 150 (n = 2), 200 (n = 2) and 300 µg/mL (n = 5). Left eyes were infused with balanced salt solution. Animais were examined daily for 2 weeks, underwent electroretinograms 2 weeks postoperatively and, then, were sacrificed for light and electron microscopy.

Results:

Electroretinogram findings were normal atconcentrations of20, 40, 100and 150 µg/mL. In the 80 µg/mL group, 1 of5 animals had significant changes. In the 200 and 300 µg/mL groups, significant decreased in amplitude were noted. Retinas exposed to 300 µg/mL demonstrated minimal changes in the rod outer segments of the photoreceptor layer.

Conclusion:

We found concentrations up to 150 µg/mL ceftazidime in the infusion fluid to be nontoxic to the retina.

Keywords:
Vitrectomy; Ceftazidime; Infusion fluid; Retinal toxicity; Endophthalmitis

RESUMO

Investigamos a toxicidade retiniana de ceftazidima, uma cefalosporina de terceira geração, no fluido de infusão durante vitrectomia. Vinte e dois coelhos Nova Zelândia foram examinados, e submetidos a eletroretinograma e vitrectomia. Soluções de infusão com ceftazidima foram usadas nos olhos direito nas seguintes concentrações: 20 (n = 2), 40 (n = 4), 80 (n = 5), 100 (n = 2), 150 (n = 2), 200 (n = 2) e 300 /ug/mL (n = 5). Foi usada nos olhos esquerdos, infusão com solução salina balanceada (BSS). Os animais foram examinados diariamente por 2 semanas, eletroretinograma feito 2 semanas após a cirurgia, e então, sacrificados para realização de microscopia óptica e eletrônica. Os achados de eletroretinograma foram normais nas concentrações de 20, 40, 100 e 150 [g/mL. No grupo de 80 ug/mL, 1 de 5 animais teve alterações significativas. Nos grupos de 200 e 300 ug/mL, diminuição significante de amplitude foi observada. Retinas expostas a 300 [µg/mL demonstraram somente alterações mínimas nos segmentos externos dos bastonetes da camada de fotorreceptores. Em conclusão, achamos que concentrações até 150 [g/mL de ceftazidima no fluido de infusão não é tóxico à retina.

Palavras-chave:
Vitrectomia; Ceftazidima; Fluido de infusão; Toxicidade retiniana; Endoftalmite

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• Supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service grants EY07541 and EY02377 from the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD and by an unrestricted departmental grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY.

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  Aug 1998