uPAR expression in canine normal prostate and with proliferative disorders

Faleiro, Mariana Rodrigues; Toledo, Denise Caroline; Rodrigues, Marcela Marcondes Pinto; Amorim, Renee Laufer; Brito, Luiz Augusto Batista; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti; Moura, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de

doi:10.5216/cab.v14i2.18930

Abstracts

Prostatic lesions such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA) are studied in human and canine species due to their malignance potential. The plasminogen activator (PA) system has been suggested to play a central role in cell adhesion, angiogenesis, inflammation, and tumor invasion. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a component of the PA, with a range of expression in tumor and stromal cells. In this study, uPAR expression in both canine normal prostates and with proliferative disorders (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH, proliferative inflammatory atrophy-PIA, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia-PIN, and carcinoma-PC) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) slide to establish the role of this enzyme in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and in the processes of tissue invasion. A total of 298 cores and 355 diagnoses were obtained, with 36 (10.1%) normal prostates, 46 (13.0%) with BPH, 128 (36.1%) with PIA, 74 (20.8%) with PIN and 71 (20.0%) with PC. There is variation in the expression of uPAR in canine prostate according to the lesion, with lower expression in normal tissue and with BPH, and higher expression in tissue with PIA, PIN and PC. The high expression of uPAR in inflammatory and neoplastic microenvironment indicates increased proteolytic activity in canine prostates with PIA, PIN, and PC.

CD87; PIA; PIN; prostatic carcinoma; TMA

Lesões prostáticas como a neoplasia intraepitelial prostática (PIN) e a atrofia inflamatória proliferativa (PIA) são estudadas na espécie humana e canina devido ao seu potencial de malignidade. O sistema de ativador de plasminogênio (PA) tem sido sugerido como um importante mecanismo na adesão celular, angiogênese, inflamação e invasão tumoral. O receptor ativador de plasminogênio do tipo uroquinase (uPAR) é um componente do PA, expresso em células tumorais e estromais. Avaliou-se, por imunoistoquímica em lâmina de microarranjo tecidual (TMA), a expressão de uPAR no tecido prostático canino normal e com desordens proliferativas (hiperplasia prostática benigna-HPB, atrofia inflamatória proliferativa-PIA, neoplasia epitelial prostática-PIN e carcinoma-CP), com o objetivo de verificar o papel desta enzima na remodelação de matriz extracelular (ECM) e no processo de invasão tecidual. Foram obtidos 298 cores e 355 diagnósticos, sendo 36 (10,1%) próstatas normais, 46 (13,0%) com HPB, 128 (36,1%) com PIA, 74 (20,8%) com PIN e 71 (20,0%) com CP. Há variação na expressão de uPAR na próstata canina de acordo com a lesão, com menor expressão nas glândulas normais e com HPB, e maior naquelas com lesões displásicas e (PIA e PIN) e neoplásicas (CP). A superexpressão de uPAR nos microambientes inflamatório e neoplásico indica aumento da atividade proteolítica em próstatas caninas com PIA, PIN e CP.

carcinoma prostático; CD87; PIA; PIN; TMA

AMBIRU, S.; MIYAZAKI, M.; ITO, H.; NAKAGAWA, K.; SHIMIZU, H.; NUKUI, Y.; NOZAWA, S.; OKUNO, A.; YOSHITOMI, H.; NAKAJIMA, N. A prospective study of prognostic value of type IV collagenase activity in colorectal cancer tissue. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, v.42, n.8, p.1660- 1665, 1997.
ANDREASEN, P.A.; KJOLLER, L.; CHRISTENSEN, L.; DUFFY, M.J. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in cancer metastasis; a review. International Journal of Cancer, v.72, n.1, p.1-22, 1997.
BAILEY, T.R.; PAULSEN, D.B.; SEHGAL, I.; HOSGOOD, G. Immunohistochemical staining of urokinase plasminogen activator-like and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-like proteins in the urinary tract of healthy dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.67, n.9, p.1628-1634, 2006.
BOCK, C.E.; WANG, Y. Clinical Significance of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) Expression in Cancer. Medicinal Research Reviews, v.24, n.1, p.13-39, 2004.
BOSTWICK, D.G. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: the most likely precursor of prostate cancer. Cancer, v.75, n.7, p.1823-1836, 1995.
BUBENDORF, L.; NOCITO, A.; MOCH, H.; SAUTER, G. Tissue microarray (TMA) technology: miniaturized pathology archives for high-throughput in situ studies. Journal of Pathology, v.195, n.1, p.72–79, 2001.
COHEN, R.L.; XI, X.P.; CROWLEY, C.W.; LUCAS, B.K.; LEVINSON, A.D.; SHUMAN, M.A. Effect of urokinase receptor occupancy on plasmin generation an proteolysis of basement membrane by human tumor cells. Blood, v.78, n.2, p.479-487, 1991.
COZZI, P.J.; WANG, J.; DELPRADO, W.; MADIGAN, M.C.; FAIRY, S.; RUSSELL, P.J.; YONG, L. Evaluation of urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor in different grades of human prostate cancer. Human Pathology, v.37, n.11, 442–451, 2006.
DANO, K.; BEHRENDT, N.; BRUNNER, N.; ELLIS, V.; PLOUG, M.; PYKE, C. The urokinase receptor. Protein structure and role in plasminogen activation and cancer invasion. Fibrinolysis, v.8, n.1, p.189-203, 1994.
DASS, K.; AHMAD, A.; AZMI, A.S.; SARKAR, S.H.; SARKAR, F.H. Evolving role of uPA/uPAR system in human cancers. Cancer Treatment Reviews, v.34, n.2, p.122–136, 2008.
DE MARZO, A.M.; PLATZ, E.A.; EPSTEIN, J.I.; ALI, T.; BILLIS, A.; CHAN, T.Y.; CHENG, L.; DATTA, M.; EGEVAD, L.; ERTOY-BAYDAR, D.; FARRE, X.; FINE, S.W.; ICZKOWSKI, K.A.; ITTMANN, M.; KNUDSEN, B.S.; LODA, M.; LOPEZ-BELTRAN, A.; MAGI-GALLUZZI, C.; MIKUZ, G.; MONTIRONI, R.; PIKARSKY, E.; PIZOV, G.; RUBIN, M.A.; SAMARATUNGA, H.; SEBO, T.; SESTERHENN, I.A.; SHAH, R.B.; SIGNORETTI, S.; SIMKO, J.; THOMAS, G.; TRONCOSO, P.; TSUZUKI, T.T.; VAN LEENDERS, G.J.; YANG, X.J.; ZHOU, M.; FIGG, W.D.; HOQUE, A.; LUCIA, M.S. A working group classification of focal prostate atrophy lesions. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, v.30, n.10, p.1281-1291, 2006.
DEL MAESTRO, R.F.; MEGYESI, J.F.; FERRE, C.L. Mechanisms of tumor-associated edema: a review. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, v.17, n.2, p.177-183, 1990.
GAO, W.; WANG, Z.; BAI, X.; XI, X.; RUAN, C. Detection of soluble urokinase receptor by immunoradiometric assay and its application in tumor patients. Thrombosis Research, v.102, n.1, p.25–31, 2001.
GAVRILOV, D.; KENZIOR, O.; EVANS, M.; CALALUCE, R.; FOLK, W.R. Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and receptor in conjunction with the ets family and AP-1 complex transcription factors in high grade prostate cancers. European Journal of Cancer, v.37, n.8, p. 1033–1040, 2001.
GILARDONI, M.B.; CESCHIN, D.G.; SAHORES, M.M.; OVIEDO, M.; GEHRAU, R.C.; CHIABRANDO, G.A. Decreased expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) in rats with prostate cancer. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytichemistry, Baltimore, v.51, n.12, p.1575-1580, 2003.
KOBLINSKI, J.E.; AHRAM, M.; SLOANE, B.F. Unraveling the role of proteases in cancer. Clinica Chimica Acta, v.291, n.2, p.113-135, 2000.
KONONEN, J.; BUBENDORF, L.; KALLIONIEMI, A.; BARLUND, M.; SCHRAML, P.; LEIGHTON, S.; TORHORST, J.; MIHATSCH, M.J.; SAUTER, G.; KALLIONIMENI, O.P. Tissue microarrays for high-throughput molecular profiling tumor of specimens. Nature Medicine, v.4, n.7, p.844-847, 1998.
KUMANO, M.; MIYAKE, H.; MURAMAKI, M.; FURUKAWA, J.; TAKENAKA, A.; FUJISAWA, M. Expression Of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator System In Prostate Cancer: Correlation With Clinicopathological Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy . Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, v.27, n.2, p.180–186, 2009.
LEAV, I.; SCHELLING, K.H.; ADAMS, J.Y.; MERK, F.B.; ALROY, J. Role of canine basal cells in postnatal prostatic development, induction of hyperplasia, and sex hormone- stimulated growth, and the ductal origin carcinoma. Prostate, v.47, n.1, p.149–163, 2001.
LEROY, B.E.; NORTHRUP, N. Prostate cancer in dogs: Comparative and clinical aspects The Veterinary Journal, v.180, n.2, p.149–162, 2009.
LI, Y.; COZZI P.J. Targeting uPA/uPAR in prostate cancer. Cancer Treatment Reviews, v.33, n.6, p.521– 527, 2007.
MADEWELL, B.R.; GANDOUR-EDWARDS, R.; WHITE, R.W.D.V. Canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: Is the comparative model relevant? Prostate, v.58, n.3, p.314-317, 2004.
MATSUZAKI, P.; COGLIATI, B.; SANCHES, D.S.; CHAIBLE, L.M.; KIMURA, K.C.; SILVA, T.C.; REAL-LIMA, M.A.; HERNANDEZ-BLAZQUEZ, F.J.; LAUFER-AMORIM, R.; DAGLI, M.L.Z. Immunohistochemical characterization of canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Journal of Comparative Pathology, v.142, n.1, p.84-88, 2010.
MAZAR, A.P. The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as a target for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Anticancer Drugs, v.12, n.5, p.387–400, 2001.
PEI, X.H.; NAKANISHI, Y.; TAKAYAMA, K.; BAI, F.; HARA, N. Granulocyte, Granulocyte-macrophage, and macrophage colony-stimulating factors can stimulate the invasive capacity of human lung cancer cells. British Journal of Cancer, v.79, n.1, p.40–46, 1999.
PLOUGAR, M.; GARDSVOLL, H.; JORGENSEN, T.J.; LONBORG-HANSEN, L.; DANO, K. Structural analysis of the interaction between urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor: A potential target for anti-invasive câncer therapy. Biochemical Society Transactions, v.30, n.2, p.177–183, 2002.
PULUKURI, S.M.; ESTES, N.; PATEL, J.; RAO, J.S. Demethylation-linked activation of urokinase plasminogen activator is involved in progression of prostate cancer. Cancer Research, v.67, n.3, p.930-939, 2007.
RIDDICK, A.C.; SHUKLA, C.J.; PENNINGTON, C.J.; BASS, R.; NUTTALL, R.K.; HOGAN, A.; SETHIA, K.K.; ELLIS, V.; COLLINS, A.T.; MAITLAND, N.J.; BALL, R.Y.; EDWARDS, D.R. Identification of degradome components associated with prostate cancer progression by expression analysis of human prostatic tissues. British Journal of Cancer, v.92, n.12, p.2171–2180, 2005.
RODRIGUES, M.M.P.; DI SANTIS, G.W.; DE MOURA, V.M.B.D.; AMORIM, R.L. COX-2 and TGF- β expression in proliferative disorders of canine prostate. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, v.3, n.1, p.31-36, 2010.
SEHGAL, I.; FOSTER, T.P.; FRANCIS, J. Prostate cancer cells show elevated urokinase receptor in a mouse model of metastasis. Cancer Cell International, v.6, p.21, 2006.
STEWART, D.A.; COOPER, C.R.; SIKES, R.A. Changes in extra cellulat matrix (ECM) and ECM-associated proteins in the metastatic progression of prostate cancer. Reproductive Biology Endocrinology, v.2, n.1, p.2-6, 2004.
SUGAR, L.M. Inflammation and prostate cancer. The Canadian Journal of Urology, (CJU), St. Laurent, v.13, n.1, suplemento 1, p.46-47, 2006.
TOLEDO, D.C.; FALEIRO, M.B.R.; RODRIGUES, M.M.P.; DI SANTIS, G.W.; LAUFER AMORIM, R.; DE MOURA, V.M.B.D. Histomorphological characterization of proliferative inflammatory atrophy in canine prostate. Ciência Rural v.40, n.6, p.1372-1377, 2010.
USHER, P.A.; THOMSEN, O.F.; IVERSEN, P.; JOHNSEN, M.; BRUNNER, N.; HOYER-HANSEN, G.; ANDREASEN, P.; DANO, K.; NIELSEN, B.S. Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator, its receptor and type-1 inhibitor in malignant and benign prostate tissue. International Journal of Cancer, v.113, n.6, p.870–880, 2005.
VASSALLI, J.D. The urokinase receptor. Fibrinolysis, v.8, n.1 (supplement), p.172–181, 1994.
WANG, Y. The role and regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene expression in cancer invasion and metastasis. Medicinal Research Reviews, v.21, n.2, p.146–170, 2001.
WANG, W.; BERGH, A.; DAMBER, J.E Morphological Transition of Proliferative InflammatoryAtrophy to High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cancer in Human Prostate. The Prostate, v.69, n.13, p.1378-1386, 2009.
WATERS, D.J., BOSTWICK, D.G. The canine prostate is a spontaneous model of intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer progression. Anticancer Research, v.17, n.3A, p.1467–1470, 1997.
WATERS, D.J.; HAYDEN, D.W.; BELL, F.W.; KLAUSNER, J.S.; QIAN, J.; BOSTWICK, D.G. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in dogs with spontaneous prostate cancer. Prostate, v.30, n.2, p.92-97, 1997.
WILSON, M.J.; NORRIS, H.; WOODSON, M.; SINHA, A.A.; ESTENSEN, R.D. Effects of aging and castration on plasminogen activator and metalloprotease activities in the rat prostate complex. Celular and Molecular Biology Research, v. 41, n.6, p.603-612, 1995.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
30 Sept 2013
Date of issue
June 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] AMBIRU, S.; MIYAZAKI, M.; ITO, H.; NAKAGAWA, K.; SHIMIZU, H.; NUKUI, Y.; NOZAWA, S.; OKUNO, A.; YOSHITOMI, H.; NAKAJIMA, N. A prospective study of prognostic value of type IV collagenase activity in colorectal cancer tissue. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, v.42, n.8, p.1660- 1665, 1997.

[2] ANDREASEN, P.A.; KJOLLER, L.; CHRISTENSEN, L.; DUFFY, M.J. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in cancer metastasis; a review. International Journal of Cancer, v.72, n.1, p.1-22, 1997.

[3] BAILEY, T.R.; PAULSEN, D.B.; SEHGAL, I.; HOSGOOD, G. Immunohistochemical staining of urokinase plasminogen activator-like and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-like proteins in the urinary tract of healthy dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.67, n.9, p.1628-1634, 2006.

[4] BOCK, C.E.; WANG, Y. Clinical Significance of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) Expression in Cancer. Medicinal Research Reviews, v.24, n.1, p.13-39, 2004.

[5] BOSTWICK, D.G. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: the most likely precursor of prostate cancer. Cancer, v.75, n.7, p.1823-1836, 1995.

[6] BUBENDORF, L.; NOCITO, A.; MOCH, H.; SAUTER, G. Tissue microarray (TMA) technology: miniaturized pathology archives for high-throughput in situ studies. Journal of Pathology, v.195, n.1, p.72–79, 2001.

[7] COHEN, R.L.; XI, X.P.; CROWLEY, C.W.; LUCAS, B.K.; LEVINSON, A.D.; SHUMAN, M.A. Effect of urokinase receptor occupancy on plasmin generation an proteolysis of basement membrane by human tumor cells. Blood, v.78, n.2, p.479-487, 1991.

[8] COZZI, P.J.; WANG, J.; DELPRADO, W.; MADIGAN, M.C.; FAIRY, S.; RUSSELL, P.J.; YONG, L. Evaluation of urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor in different grades of human prostate cancer. Human Pathology, v.37, n.11, 442–451, 2006.

[9] DANO, K.; BEHRENDT, N.; BRUNNER, N.; ELLIS, V.; PLOUG, M.; PYKE, C. The urokinase receptor. Protein structure and role in plasminogen activation and cancer invasion. Fibrinolysis, v.8, n.1, p.189-203, 1994.

[10] DASS, K.; AHMAD, A.; AZMI, A.S.; SARKAR, S.H.; SARKAR, F.H. Evolving role of uPA/uPAR system in human cancers. Cancer Treatment Reviews, v.34, n.2, p.122–136, 2008.

[11] DE MARZO, A.M.; PLATZ, E.A.; EPSTEIN, J.I.; ALI, T.; BILLIS, A.; CHAN, T.Y.; CHENG, L.; DATTA, M.; EGEVAD, L.; ERTOY-BAYDAR, D.; FARRE, X.; FINE, S.W.; ICZKOWSKI, K.A.; ITTMANN, M.; KNUDSEN, B.S.; LODA, M.; LOPEZ-BELTRAN, A.; MAGI-GALLUZZI, C.; MIKUZ, G.; MONTIRONI, R.; PIKARSKY, E.; PIZOV, G.; RUBIN, M.A.; SAMARATUNGA, H.; SEBO, T.; SESTERHENN, I.A.; SHAH, R.B.; SIGNORETTI, S.; SIMKO, J.; THOMAS, G.; TRONCOSO, P.; TSUZUKI, T.T.; VAN LEENDERS, G.J.; YANG, X.J.; ZHOU, M.; FIGG, W.D.; HOQUE, A.; LUCIA, M.S. A working group classification of focal prostate atrophy lesions. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, v.30, n.10, p.1281-1291, 2006.

[12] DEL MAESTRO, R.F.; MEGYESI, J.F.; FERRE, C.L. Mechanisms of tumor-associated edema: a review. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, v.17, n.2, p.177-183, 1990.

[13] GAO, W.; WANG, Z.; BAI, X.; XI, X.; RUAN, C. Detection of soluble urokinase receptor by immunoradiometric assay and its application in tumor patients. Thrombosis Research, v.102, n.1, p.25–31, 2001.

[14] GAVRILOV, D.; KENZIOR, O.; EVANS, M.; CALALUCE, R.; FOLK, W.R. Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and receptor in conjunction with the ets family and AP-1 complex transcription factors in high grade prostate cancers. European Journal of Cancer, v.37, n.8, p. 1033–1040, 2001.

[15] GILARDONI, M.B.; CESCHIN, D.G.; SAHORES, M.M.; OVIEDO, M.; GEHRAU, R.C.; CHIABRANDO, G.A. Decreased expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) in rats with prostate cancer. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytichemistry, Baltimore, v.51, n.12, p.1575-1580, 2003.

[16] KOBLINSKI, J.E.; AHRAM, M.; SLOANE, B.F. Unraveling the role of proteases in cancer. Clinica Chimica Acta, v.291, n.2, p.113-135, 2000.

[17] KONONEN, J.; BUBENDORF, L.; KALLIONIEMI, A.; BARLUND, M.; SCHRAML, P.; LEIGHTON, S.; TORHORST, J.; MIHATSCH, M.J.; SAUTER, G.; KALLIONIMENI, O.P. Tissue microarrays for high-throughput molecular profiling tumor of specimens. Nature Medicine, v.4, n.7, p.844-847, 1998.

[18] KUMANO, M.; MIYAKE, H.; MURAMAKI, M.; FURUKAWA, J.; TAKENAKA, A.; FUJISAWA, M. Expression Of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator System In Prostate Cancer: Correlation With Clinicopathological Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy . Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, v.27, n.2, p.180–186, 2009.

[19] LEAV, I.; SCHELLING, K.H.; ADAMS, J.Y.; MERK, F.B.; ALROY, J. Role of canine basal cells in postnatal prostatic development, induction of hyperplasia, and sex hormone- stimulated growth, and the ductal origin carcinoma. Prostate, v.47, n.1, p.149–163, 2001.

[20] LEROY, B.E.; NORTHRUP, N. Prostate cancer in dogs: Comparative and clinical aspects The Veterinary Journal, v.180, n.2, p.149–162, 2009.

[21] LI, Y.; COZZI P.J. Targeting uPA/uPAR in prostate cancer. Cancer Treatment Reviews, v.33, n.6, p.521– 527, 2007.

[22] MADEWELL, B.R.; GANDOUR-EDWARDS, R.; WHITE, R.W.D.V. Canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: Is the comparative model relevant? Prostate, v.58, n.3, p.314-317, 2004.

[23] MATSUZAKI, P.; COGLIATI, B.; SANCHES, D.S.; CHAIBLE, L.M.; KIMURA, K.C.; SILVA, T.C.; REAL-LIMA, M.A.; HERNANDEZ-BLAZQUEZ, F.J.; LAUFER-AMORIM, R.; DAGLI, M.L.Z. Immunohistochemical characterization of canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Journal of Comparative Pathology, v.142, n.1, p.84-88, 2010.

[24] MAZAR, A.P. The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as a target for the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Anticancer Drugs, v.12, n.5, p.387–400, 2001.

[25] PEI, X.H.; NAKANISHI, Y.; TAKAYAMA, K.; BAI, F.; HARA, N. Granulocyte, Granulocyte-macrophage, and macrophage colony-stimulating factors can stimulate the invasive capacity of human lung cancer cells. British Journal of Cancer, v.79, n.1, p.40–46, 1999.

[26] PLOUGAR, M.; GARDSVOLL, H.; JORGENSEN, T.J.; LONBORG-HANSEN, L.; DANO, K. Structural analysis of the interaction between urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor: A potential target for anti-invasive câncer therapy. Biochemical Society Transactions, v.30, n.2, p.177–183, 2002.

[27] PULUKURI, S.M.; ESTES, N.; PATEL, J.; RAO, J.S. Demethylation-linked activation of urokinase plasminogen activator is involved in progression of prostate cancer. Cancer Research, v.67, n.3, p.930-939, 2007.

[28] RIDDICK, A.C.; SHUKLA, C.J.; PENNINGTON, C.J.; BASS, R.; NUTTALL, R.K.; HOGAN, A.; SETHIA, K.K.; ELLIS, V.; COLLINS, A.T.; MAITLAND, N.J.; BALL, R.Y.; EDWARDS, D.R. Identification of degradome components associated with prostate cancer progression by expression analysis of human prostatic tissues. British Journal of Cancer, v.92, n.12, p.2171–2180, 2005.

[29] RODRIGUES, M.M.P.; DI SANTIS, G.W.; DE MOURA, V.M.B.D.; AMORIM, R.L. COX-2 and TGF- β expression in proliferative disorders of canine prostate. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, v.3, n.1, p.31-36, 2010.

[30] SEHGAL, I.; FOSTER, T.P.; FRANCIS, J. Prostate cancer cells show elevated urokinase receptor in a mouse model of metastasis. Cancer Cell International, v.6, p.21, 2006.

[31] STEWART, D.A.; COOPER, C.R.; SIKES, R.A. Changes in extra cellulat matrix (ECM) and ECM-associated proteins in the metastatic progression of prostate cancer. Reproductive Biology Endocrinology, v.2, n.1, p.2-6, 2004.

[32] SUGAR, L.M. Inflammation and prostate cancer. The Canadian Journal of Urology, (CJU), St. Laurent, v.13, n.1, suplemento 1, p.46-47, 2006.

[33] TOLEDO, D.C.; FALEIRO, M.B.R.; RODRIGUES, M.M.P.; DI SANTIS, G.W.; LAUFER AMORIM, R.; DE MOURA, V.M.B.D. Histomorphological characterization of proliferative inflammatory atrophy in canine prostate. Ciência Rural v.40, n.6, p.1372-1377, 2010.

[34] USHER, P.A.; THOMSEN, O.F.; IVERSEN, P.; JOHNSEN, M.; BRUNNER, N.; HOYER-HANSEN, G.; ANDREASEN, P.; DANO, K.; NIELSEN, B.S. Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator, its receptor and type-1 inhibitor in malignant and benign prostate tissue. International Journal of Cancer, v.113, n.6, p.870–880, 2005.

[35] VASSALLI, J.D. The urokinase receptor. Fibrinolysis, v.8, n.1 (supplement), p.172–181, 1994.

[36] WANG, Y. The role and regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene expression in cancer invasion and metastasis. Medicinal Research Reviews, v.21, n.2, p.146–170, 2001.

[37] WANG, W.; BERGH, A.; DAMBER, J.E Morphological Transition of Proliferative InflammatoryAtrophy to High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cancer in Human Prostate. The Prostate, v.69, n.13, p.1378-1386, 2009.

[38] WATERS, D.J., BOSTWICK, D.G. The canine prostate is a spontaneous model of intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer progression. Anticancer Research, v.17, n.3A, p.1467–1470, 1997.

[39] WATERS, D.J.; HAYDEN, D.W.; BELL, F.W.; KLAUSNER, J.S.; QIAN, J.; BOSTWICK, D.G. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in dogs with spontaneous prostate cancer. Prostate, v.30, n.2, p.92-97, 1997.

[40] WILSON, M.J.; NORRIS, H.; WOODSON, M.; SINHA, A.A.; ESTENSEN, R.D. Effects of aging and castration on plasminogen activator and metalloprotease activities in the rat prostate complex. Celular and Molecular Biology Research, v. 41, n.6, p.603-612, 1995.

Brasil

Brasil

uPAR expression in canine normal prostate and with proliferative disorders

Expressão de uPAR na próstata canina normal e com lesões proliferativas

Abstracts

Publication Dates