AEROBIC TRAINING IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

To analyze the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the body composition of obese adolescents undergoing multidisciplinary intervention.

Methods:

In this study, 107 pubertal (Tanner 3 and 4), obese (BMI=34.72±4.10 kg/m²) adolescents (14.85±1.44 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: high intensity training (HITG – ventilatory threshold I (VTI)); low intensity training (LITG – 20% below the VTI) and control group (CG), without intervention. The adolescents in the HITG and LITG underwent nutritional and psychological (1x/week) and clinical (1 x/month) follow-up and physical training (3x/week) for 12 weeks.

Results:

Reductions in fat mass (FM) and body fat percentage (BFP) (p< 0.001) and an increase in fat-free mass (FFM) (p<0.001) were observed in all groups. There was a reduction in BMI only in the experimental groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

The effects of multidisciplinary treatment on the body composition of obese adolescents occur independently of the intensity of aerobic physical training. Level of Evidence I; High quality randomized clinical studies with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.

Keywords:
Obesity; Aerobic Exercise; Adipose tissue; Muscle Tissue; Adolescent

	GC (N=35)	GTAI (N=26)	GTBI (N=25)	P
Age (years)	14,61±1,38	15,01±1,46	15,03±1,52	0,35
Height (m)	1,64±0,07	1,65±0,07	1,66±0,06	0,49
MC (kg)	93,47±14,48	93,91±14,15	98,33±12,56	0,28
IMC (kg^-1/m²)	34,52±3,97	34,10±3,85	35,64±4,48	0,31
MLG (kg)	43,38±7,27	44,64±8,32	45,32±6,88	0,52
%G	50,45±5,01	49,52±4,43	50,96±5,09	0,50
TAC (kg)	23,74±5,64	24,41±5,03	21,49±4,26	0,13
TAC (%)	53,86±5,62	54,03±5,11	51,95±4,43	0,23
MLGTr (kg)	19,36±3,84	20,12±3,69	19,24±3,85	0,57
MGA (kg)	3,80±0,97	3,99±0,86	3,41±0,85	0,59
MGA (%)	54,34±5,44	54,28±4,10	52,96±3,86	0,61
MGG (KG)	7,33±1,56	7,63±1,88	6,96±1,49	0,45
MGG (%)	50,89±6,08	50,94±6,00	50,36±4,75	0,54
TMMA (kg)	21,70±7,54	20,81±3,36	20,77±4,3	0,74

				ANOVA
	Basal	12 WEEKS	G	T	GxT
HEIGHT (m)
GC	1,64±0,08	1,65±0,08^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	1,66±0,06	1,69±0,06^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,363	<0,001	<0,001
GTBI	1,65±0,07	1,67±0,07^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MC (Kg)
GC	95,63±14,72	96,55±14,95
GTAI	98,36±13,24	97,22±13,41	0,571	0,640	0,026
GTBI	93,70±15,00	93,48±14,09
IMC (Kg/m²)
GC	35,09±4,11	35,17±4,33
GTAI	35,36±4,78	34,12±5,08^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,415	<0,001	<0,001
GTBI	34,07±4,05	33,23±4,07^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MG (kg)
GC	47,86±9,55	41,41±9,14^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	49,37±8,98	42,13±9,74^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,348	<0,001	0,280
GTBI	45,04±7,25	39,61±8,06^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MLG (kg)
GC	44,32±6,95	50,87±9,14^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	45,52±6,87	50,71±6,77^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,780	<0,001	0,130
GTBI	44,54±8,70	48,67±8,61^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
%G
GC	50,67±5,33	43,86±6,21^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	50,74±4,92	44,07±6,12^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,734	<0,001	0,836
GTBI	49,53±4,24	43,17±5,50^* * p<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.

				ANOVA
	Basal	12 WEEKS	G	T	GxT
TAC (kg)
GC	23,74±5,64	20,34±4,81^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	24,41±5,03	20,66±5,54^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,190	<0,001	0,293
GTBI	21,49±4,26	18,85±5,04^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
TAC (%)
GC	53,86±5,62	45,22±6,43^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	54,03±5,11	45,35±6,44^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,412	<0,001	0,842
GTBI	51,95±4,43	43,85±6,22^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MGA (kg)
GC	3,80±0,97	3,41±0,97^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	3,99±0,86	3,46±0,92^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,116	<0,001	0,325
GTBI	3,41±0,85	3,02±0,73^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MGA (%)
GC	54,34±5,44	46,41±6,39^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	54,28±4,10	47,02±5,80^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,540	<0,001	0,899
GTBI	52,96±3,86	45,43±5,42^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MGG (KG)
GC	7,33±1,56	6,67±1,15^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	7,63±1,88	6,81±1,79^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,412	<0,001	0,490
GTBI	6,96±1,49	6,35±1,37^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
MGG (%)
GC	50,89±6,08	44,05±6,88^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	50,94±6,00	44,29±7,85^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	0,872	<0,001	0,990
GTBI	50,36±4,75	43,61±6,03^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
TMA (kg)
GC	21,70±7,54	22,97±4,54^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.
GTAI	20,81±3,36	24,01±4,58^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.	9,959	<0,001	0,414
GTBI	20,77±4,53	23,39±4,45^* * P<0,005; G = factor group; T = time factor; GxT = group/time interaction factor.

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[1] Correspondence: Marcos André Moura dos Santos. Escola Superior de Educação Física - Universidade de Pernambuco, Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310, Santo Amaro, Recife, Brasil. 50100-130. mmoura23@gmail.com