Simulations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer in a Wind Tunnel with Short Test Section

Pires, Luciana Bassi Marinho; Paula, Igor Braga de; Fisch, Gilberto; Gielow, Ralf; Girardi, Roberto da Mota

doi:10.5028/jatm.v5i3.190

ABSTRACT:

This article presents a study of three different passive devices (spires, screens, and a carpet) separately and in various combinations, to simulate the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) in a wind tunnel with a short test chamber (465×465x1200mm). The influence of distances between these devices on the formation of the ABL is established, and optimization of variation of thicknesses of the screens (thin, medium, and coarse) on pressure loss is explored. The results obtained in this work gave support for the analysis of the atmospheric flow and turbulence at Alcantara Launching Center (ALC) in order to launch Brazilian space vehicles under safe conditions. The results show that the “spires” and the thin screen are the devices that require the least area to form an ABL in a test chamber. The physical proximity of two devices (the spires and the medium screen) also influences the size of the ABL formed, which varies from 180 to 200 mm. The power law exponent ranged from 0.12 up to 0.14 after the insertion of a carpet.

KEYWORDS:
Passive methods; Spires; Carpet; Screens; Wind power law

Full text is available only in PDF.

REFERENCES

Avelar, A.C., Brasileiro, F., Marto, A.G., Marciotto, E. and Fisch, G., 2012, “Wind Tunnel Simulation of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer for Study of the Wind Pattern at the Alcantara Space Center”, Journal of Aerospace and Technology Management, Vol. 4, No. 4, doi: 10.5028/jatm.2012.04044912.
» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2012.04044912
Blessmann, J., 1973, “Simulation of the Natural Wind Structure in an Aerodynamic Wind Tunnel” (in Portuguese), Ph.D. thesis, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos, S.P., Brazil, 169 p.
Cao, S. and Tamura, T., 2006, “Experimental Study on Roughness Effects on Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow over a Two-Dimensional Steep Hill”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 94, pp. 1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2005.10.001.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.10.001
Carpentieri, M., Hayden, P. and Robins, A.G., 2012, “Wind Tunnel Measurements of Pollutant Turbulent Fluxes in Urban Intersections”, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 46, pp. 669-674. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.083.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.083
Davenport, A.G., 1967, “The Dependence of Wind Loads on Meteorological Parameters”, Proceedings of the International Seminar on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Ottawa, pp. 19-82.
ESDU, 1985, “Characteristics of atmospheric turbulence near the ground. Part II: Single point data for strong winds (neutral atmosphere)”, ESDU International, Item No. 85020, London.
Franck, N., 1963, “Model law and Experimental Technique for Determination of Wind Loads on Buildings”, in Symposium on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Vol. 16, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK, pp. 181-196.
Irwin, H.P.A.H., 1981, “The Design of Spires for Wind Simulation”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 7, pp. 361-366, doi: 10.1016/0167-6105(81)90058-1.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(81)90058-1
Jensen, M. and Franck, N., 1963, “Model Scale Tests in Turbulent Wind”, Part I, Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen.
Jensen, M. and Franck, N., 1965, “Model Scale Tests in Turbulent Wind”, Part II, Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen .
Kozmar, H., 2009, “Scale Effects in Wind Tunnel Modeling of an Urban Atmospheric Boundary Layer”, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 100, pp. 153-162, doi: 10.1007/s00704-009-0156-3.
» https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-009-0156-3
Kwon, K.J., Lee, J.Y. and Sung, B., 2003, “PIV Measurements on the Boundary Layer Flow around Naro Space Center”, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Particle Image Velocimetry, pp. 22-24.
Liu, G., Xuan, J. and Park, S., 2003, “A new method to calculate wind profile parameters of the wind tunnel boundary layer”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 91, pp. 1155-1162.
Mavroidis, I., Griffiths, R.F. and Hall, D.J.H., 2003, “Field and Wind Tunnel Investigations of Plume Dispersion around Single Surface Obstacles”. Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 37, pp. 2903-2918, doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00300-5.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00300-5
Novak, M.D., Warland, J.S., Orchansky, A.L., Ketler, R. and Green, S., 2000, “Wind Tunnel and Field Measurements of Turbulent Flow in Forests. Part I: Uniformly Thinned Stands”, Boundary Layer Meteorology, Vol. 95, pp. 457-495, doi: 10.1023/A:1002693625637.
» https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002693625637
Pires, L.B.M., 2009, “Study of the Internal Boundary Layer Developed on Coastal Cliffs with Application to the Alcântara Launching Center, Brazil” (in Portuguese), Ph.D. thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. 165p, (INPE-16566-TDI/1562), http://pct.capes.gov.br/teses/2009/33010013003P8/TES.PDF
» http://pct.capes.gov.br/teses/2009/33010013003P8/TES.PDF
Pires, L.B.M., Souza, L.F., Fisch, G. and Gielow, R., 2009, “La Influencia de la Altura de la Capa Límite Oceánica en la Región del Centro de Lanzamientos de Alcántara en Brasil”, Información Tecnológica, Vol. 20, pp. 119-128, doi: 10.1612/inf.tecnol.4071it.08.
» https://doi.org/10.1612/inf.tecnol.4071it.08
Pires, L.B.M., Roballo, S.T., Fisch, G., Avelar, A.C., Girardi, R.M. and Gielow, R., 2010, “Atmospheric Flow Measurements Using the PIV and HWA Techniques”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, v.2, pp.127-136, doi:10.5028/jatm.2010.02027410.
» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2010.02027410
Roballo, S.T., 2007, “Estudo do Escoamento Atmosférico na CLA, através de Medidas em Torre Anemométrica e em Túnel de Vento” (in Portuguese), Master thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil , 137 p, (INPE14824-TDI/1264).http://mtc-m17.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/06.12.18.07/doc/publicacao.pdf
» http://mtc-m17.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/06.12.18.07/doc/publicacao.pdf

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Jul-Sep 2013

History

Received
13 Nov 2012
Accepted
15 May 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Avelar, A.C., Brasileiro, F., Marto, A.G., Marciotto, E. and Fisch, G., 2012, “Wind Tunnel Simulation of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer for Study of the Wind Pattern at the Alcantara Space Center”, Journal of Aerospace and Technology Management, Vol. 4, No. 4, doi: 10.5028/jatm.2012.04044912.
» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2012.04044912

[2] Blessmann, J., 1973, “Simulation of the Natural Wind Structure in an Aerodynamic Wind Tunnel” (in Portuguese), Ph.D. thesis, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos, S.P., Brazil, 169 p.

[3] Cao, S. and Tamura, T., 2006, “Experimental Study on Roughness Effects on Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow over a Two-Dimensional Steep Hill”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 94, pp. 1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2005.10.001.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.10.001

[4] Carpentieri, M., Hayden, P. and Robins, A.G., 2012, “Wind Tunnel Measurements of Pollutant Turbulent Fluxes in Urban Intersections”, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 46, pp. 669-674. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.083.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.083

[5] Davenport, A.G., 1967, “The Dependence of Wind Loads on Meteorological Parameters”, Proceedings of the International Seminar on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Ottawa, pp. 19-82.

[6] ESDU, 1985, “Characteristics of atmospheric turbulence near the ground. Part II: Single point data for strong winds (neutral atmosphere)”, ESDU International, Item No. 85020, London.

[7] Franck, N., 1963, “Model law and Experimental Technique for Determination of Wind Loads on Buildings”, in Symposium on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Vol. 16, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK, pp. 181-196.

[8] Irwin, H.P.A.H., 1981, “The Design of Spires for Wind Simulation”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 7, pp. 361-366, doi: 10.1016/0167-6105(81)90058-1.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(81)90058-1

[9] Jensen, M. and Franck, N., 1963, “Model Scale Tests in Turbulent Wind”, Part I, Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen.

[10] Jensen, M. and Franck, N., 1965, “Model Scale Tests in Turbulent Wind”, Part II, Danish Technical Press, Copenhagen .

[11] Kozmar, H., 2009, “Scale Effects in Wind Tunnel Modeling of an Urban Atmospheric Boundary Layer”, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Vol. 100, pp. 153-162, doi: 10.1007/s00704-009-0156-3.
» https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-009-0156-3

[12] Kwon, K.J., Lee, J.Y. and Sung, B., 2003, “PIV Measurements on the Boundary Layer Flow around Naro Space Center”, Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Particle Image Velocimetry, pp. 22-24.

[13] Liu, G., Xuan, J. and Park, S., 2003, “A new method to calculate wind profile parameters of the wind tunnel boundary layer”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 91, pp. 1155-1162.

[14] Mavroidis, I., Griffiths, R.F. and Hall, D.J.H., 2003, “Field and Wind Tunnel Investigations of Plume Dispersion around Single Surface Obstacles”. Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 37, pp. 2903-2918, doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00300-5.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00300-5

[15] Novak, M.D., Warland, J.S., Orchansky, A.L., Ketler, R. and Green, S., 2000, “Wind Tunnel and Field Measurements of Turbulent Flow in Forests. Part I: Uniformly Thinned Stands”, Boundary Layer Meteorology, Vol. 95, pp. 457-495, doi: 10.1023/A:1002693625637.
» https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002693625637

[16] Pires, L.B.M., 2009, “Study of the Internal Boundary Layer Developed on Coastal Cliffs with Application to the Alcântara Launching Center, Brazil” (in Portuguese), Ph.D. thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. 165p, (INPE-16566-TDI/1562), http://pct.capes.gov.br/teses/2009/33010013003P8/TES.PDF
» http://pct.capes.gov.br/teses/2009/33010013003P8/TES.PDF

[17] Pires, L.B.M., Souza, L.F., Fisch, G. and Gielow, R., 2009, “La Influencia de la Altura de la Capa Límite Oceánica en la Región del Centro de Lanzamientos de Alcántara en Brasil”, Información Tecnológica, Vol. 20, pp. 119-128, doi: 10.1612/inf.tecnol.4071it.08.
» https://doi.org/10.1612/inf.tecnol.4071it.08

[18] Pires, L.B.M., Roballo, S.T., Fisch, G., Avelar, A.C., Girardi, R.M. and Gielow, R., 2010, “Atmospheric Flow Measurements Using the PIV and HWA Techniques”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, v.2, pp.127-136, doi:10.5028/jatm.2010.02027410.
» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2010.02027410

[19] Roballo, S.T., 2007, “Estudo do Escoamento Atmosférico na CLA, através de Medidas em Torre Anemométrica e em Túnel de Vento” (in Portuguese), Master thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil , 137 p, (INPE14824-TDI/1264).http://mtc-m17.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/06.12.18.07/doc/publicacao.pdf
» http://mtc-m17.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2007/06.12.18.07/doc/publicacao.pdf

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