Influência do desponte sôbre a composição do côlmo e do caldo da cana-de-açucar, I. Var. Co 421

Valsechi, Octavio; Gomes, F. Pimentel; Oliveira, Enio R. de; Abreu, Clovis P. de

doi:10.1590/S0071-12761961000100001

Resumo

I. This paper deals with an experiment carried out to evaluate the effect of the sugar cane upper end on the composition of the sugar cane harvest as a raw material for the sugar industry. The variety studied was Co 421. The authors intend to study other varieties in the future. The data were collected from plant cane, at intervals of two weeks, always from the same field, from a small central area of 3.000 square meters approximately. Sixty (60) stalks were cut in each occasion, randomly chosen from the whole area. They were afterwards separated into three groups of 20 stalks, one for each of the treatments, namely: a) Complete stalks, with no leaves or sheaths. b) Stalks harvested by the technique of REYNOSO, that is, as usually done in practice. c) Stalks with the tops completely cut out, that is, cut by technique of REYNOSO and then with 3 other top internodes eliminated. The treatments caused significant differences on the following technological characteristics: a) Weight b) Cane pol c) Available sucrose (pol) per cent cane d) Cane juice pol e) Saline coefficient of juice. II. Except for weight, all changes were favorable to treatment c, even if with differences relatively slight, in percentage. IIII. Treatment differences for cane fiber, brix, reducing sugars, juice ashes, coefficient of purity and glucose coefficient were not significant. IV. Time of harvest was an important factor affecting the composition of the cane and of the juice. V. On the average the available sucrose of cane for treatments, with an standard error of 0.13%, was: Treatment c 13.05% Treatment b 12.65% Treatment a 12.53% This shows that there is no sound basis for the heavy fines applied by some sugar mills to planters who do not cut low enough the tops of the cane stalks.

E. S. A. "Luiz de Queiroz'

SUMMARY

I. This paper deals with an experiment carried out to evaluate the effect of the sugar cane upper end on the composition of the sugar cane harvest as a raw material for the sugar industry. The variety studied was Co 421. The authors intend to study other varieties in the future.

The data were collected from plant cane, at intervals of two weeks, always from the same field, from a small central area of 3.000 square meters approximately. Sixty (60) stalks were cut in each occasion, randomly chosen from the whole area. They were afterwards separated into three groups of 20 stalks, one for each of the treatments, namely:

a) Complete stalks, with no leaves or sheaths.

b) Stalks harvested by the technique of REYNOSO, that is, as usually done in practice.

c) Stalks with the tops completely cut out, that is, cut by technique of REYNOSO and then with 3 other top internodes eliminated.

The treatments caused significant differences on the following technological characteristics:

a) Weight

b) Cane pol

c) Available sucrose (pol) per cent cane

d) Cane juice pol

e) Saline coefficient of juice.

II. Except for weight, all changes were favorable to treatment c, even if with differences relatively slight, in percentage.

IIII. Treatment differences for cane fiber, brix, reducing sugars, juice ashes, coefficient of purity and glucose coefficient were not significant.

IV. Time of harvest was an important factor affecting the composition of the cane and of the juice.

V. On the average the available sucrose of cane for treatments, with an standard error of 0.13%, was:

Treatment c 13.05%

Treatment b 12.65%

Treatment a 12.53%

This shows that there is no sound basis for the heavy fines applied by some sugar mills to planters who do not cut low enough the tops of the cane stalks.

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AGRADECIMENTOS

A matéria-prima necessária à execução do presente trabalho nos foi gentilmente cedida pela Refinaria Paulista S. A., a quem desejamos consignar os nossos melhores agradecimentos; estes também são extensivos aos funcionários da mesma, especialmente nas pessoas dos senhores Dr. Crucciano Crucciani - Chefe da Secção Agrícola da Usina Monte Alegre de Piracicaba e Antônio Brunharo - Chefe do Setor Agrícola de Taquaral.

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