Zooarqueologia dos mamíferos aquáticos e semi-aquáticos da Ilha de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil

Castilho, Pedro Volkmer de; Simões-Lopes, Paulo César

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752001000300008

Resumo

This study analyzes the use of aquatic mammals by prehistoric societies of Santa Catarina Island, Southern Brazil. Samples from two archaeological sites were examined: Rio do Meio (RM) and Porto do Rio Vermelho (SCPRV). Nine aquatic mammal species were found: a) pinnipeds: Arctocephalus australis (Zimmerman, 1783) and A. tropicalis (Gray, 1872), and b) cetaceans: Eubalaena australis (Desmoulins, 1822), Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, Stenella frontalis (Cuvier, 1829), Steno bredanensis (Lesson, 1828), Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821), Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais & d'Orbigny, 1844) and a non-identified rorqual from the genus Balaenoptera Lacépède, 1804. Three especies of semi-aquatic mammals were also recorded: Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1758), Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) and Lontra longicaudis (Olfers,1818). Both sites presented similar species diversity, although abundance was greater at the most recent site (RM). There were more samples from axial skeletons, but in genera the anatomical regions were homogeneously distributed among the identified taxa.

Zooarchaeology; aquatic mammals hunting; Southern Brazil

Zooarqueologia dos mamíferos aquáticos e semi-aquáticos da Ilha de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil

Pedro Volkmer de Castilho^I,II; Paulo César Simões-Lopes^II,III

^IBolsista PET/CAPES

^IILaboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Universitário, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil

^IIIBolsista do CNPq/PQ

ABSTRACT

This study analyzes the use of aquatic mammals by prehistoric societies of Santa Catarina Island, Southern Brazil. Samples from two archaeological sites were examined: Rio do Meio (RM) and Porto do Rio Vermelho (SCPRV). Nine aquatic mammal species were found: a) pinnipeds: Arctocephalus australis (Zimmerman, 1783) and A. tropicalis (Gray, 1872), and b) cetaceans: Eubalaena australis (Desmoulins, 1822), Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758, Stenella frontalis (Cuvier, 1829), Steno bredanensis (Lesson, 1828), Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821), Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais & d'Orbigny, 1844) and a non-identified rorqual from the genus Balaenoptera Lacépède, 1804. Three especies of semi-aquatic mammals were also recorded: Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1758), Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) and Lontra longicaudis (Olfers,1818). Both sites presented similar species diversity, although abundance was greater at the most recent site (RM). There were more samples from axial skeletons, but in genera the anatomical regions were homogeneously distributed among the identified taxa.

Key words: Zooarchaeology, aquatic mammals hunting, Southern Brazil

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

AGRADECIMENTOS. Agradecemos ao biólogo Jorge José Cherem pela leitura do manuscrito e sugestões; ao Prof. Marco Aurélio Nadal De Masi do Laboratório de Arqueologia (UNISUL) e a arqueóloga Teresa Domitila Fossari do Museu Universitário (UFSC) pelo apoio e fornecimento de literatura a respeito de populações humanas pré-históricas residentes na Ilha de Santa Catarina. À CAPES pela bolsa do Programa Especial de Treinamento - PET (convênio CAPES-UFSC) concedida no nível de graduação ao primeiro autor.

Recebido em 19.X.2000; aceito em 17.VII.2001

ARNOLD, J.E. 1995. Transportation Innovation and Social Complexity among Maritime Hunter-Gatherer Socicties. Amer. Anthropologist 97(4):735-747.
BIGARELLA, J.J. 1949. Contribuição ao Estudo da Planície Sedimentar da Parte Norte da Ilha de Santa Catarina. Arq. Biol. Tecnol., Curitiba, 4(16):107-140.
BREWER, D.J. 1992. Zooarchaeology: method, theory, and goals. Archacol. Mcthod Theory. 4:195-244.
CHAPLIN, R.E. 1971. The study of animal bones from archaeological sites. London, Seminar Press, 170p.
COLTEN, R.H. & J.E. ARNOLD. 1998. Prehistoric Marine Mammal Hunting on California's Northern Channel Islands. Amer. Antiq. 63(4):679-701.
DAVIS, S.J.M. 1987. The Archaeology of Animais. New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 222p.
DUARTE, G.M. 1971. Distribuição e Localização de Sítios Arqueológicos tipo Sambaqui, na Ilha de Santa Catarina. An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 4(1):31-60.
EBLE, A.B. 1971. Considerações sobre o "Sítio Arqueológico". An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 4(1):71-77.
EISENBERG, J.F. 1983. The Mammalian Radiation: an analysis of trends in evolution, adaptation and behavior. Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, 610p.
GILBERT, B.M. 1990. Mammalian Osteology. Columbia, Missouri Archaeol. Soco. Inc., 2^rd ed., 428p.
GRENNE, E.C. 1959. Anatomy of the rat. Philadelphia, Hafner Publ. Co., 370p.
HUE, E. 1907. Musé e Osteologique - Étude de la Faune Quaternaire. Ostéométrie des Mammifêres. I-II. Paris, Schleicher Frères, 48p.
LYMAN, R.L. 1988. Zoogeography of Oregon Coast Marine Mammals: The last 3,000 Years. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 4(3):247-264.
______. 1989. Seal and Sea Lion Hunting: A Zooarchaeological Study from Southern Northwest Coast of North America. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 8(1):68-99.
______. 1992. Prehistoric Seal anel Sea-Lion buctchering on the Southern Northwest Coast. Amer. Antiq. 57(2):246-261.
______. 1995. On the Evolution of Marine Mammal Hunting on the West Coast of North America. Jour. Anthropol. Archaeol. 14(1):45-77.
LYMAN, R.L.; J.M. SAVELLE & P. WHITRIDGE. 1992. Derivation and Application of a Meat Utility lndex for Phocidae. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 19(5):531-555.
O'LEARY, B.L. 1984. Aboriginal whaling from the Aleutian Island to Washington state, p. 79-102. In: M.L. JONES (Ed.). The gray whale. Orlando, Academic Press, 315p.
PERRIN, W.F. 1975. Variation of Spotted and Spinner porpoise (Genus Stenella) in the Eastern Pacific and Hawaii. Bull. Scripps Inst, Oceanography 21:1-206.
PROUS, A. 1992. Arqueologia brasileira. Brasília, Editora Univ. Brasília, 576p.
RACKHAM, J. 1994. Animal bones: interpreting the past. Berkeley, Univ. California Press, 64p.
REITZ, E.J. & E.S. WING. 1999. Zooarchaeology. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 405p.
ROHR, J.A. 1977a. O Sítio Arqueológico do Pântano do Sul SC-F-10. Florianópolis, IOSC, 102p.
______. 1977b. Terminologia Queratosseodontomalacológica. An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 9-10(1):5-83.
ROMMEL., S. 1990. Osteology ofthe Bottlenose Dolphin, p. 29-49. In: S. LEATHERWOOD & R.R. REEVES (Eds). The Bottlenose Dolphin. San Diego, Academic Press, 653p.
SAVELLE, J.M. 1994. Prehistoric exploitation of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) and narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Meddelelser om Gronland. Bioscience 39(8):101-117.
______. 1995. An ethnoarchaeological Investigation of Inuit Beluga Whale and Narwal Harvesting, p. 127-148. In: A.P. MCCARTNEY (Ed). Hunting the largest animals: native whaling in the Western Artic and Subartic - Studies in whaling 3. Edmonton, Canadian Circumpolar Institute, 315p.
______. 1997. The role of architetural utility in the formation of zooarchaeological whale bone assemblages. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 24(10):869-885.
SAVELLE, J.M. & A.P. MCCARTNEY. 1999. Thule Eskimo bowhead whale interception strategies. World Archaeol. 30(3):437-451.
SAVELLE, J.M. & T.M.FRIESEN. 1996. An Odontocete (Cetacea) meat utility index. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 23(5):713-721.
SAVELLE, J.M.; T.M. FRIESEN & R.L. LYMAN. 1996. Derivation and application of an Otariid utility index. Jour. Archaeol, Sci. 23(5):705-713.
SCHEEL-YBERT, R. 2000. Os vegetais na vida dos sambaquieiros. Ci. Hoje 28:26-31.
SCHMITZ, P.I.; M.A.N. DE MASI; I. VERARDI; R. LAVINA & A.L. JACOBUS. 1992. O sitio arqueológico da Armação do Sul. Pesquisas Antropol., São Leopoldo, 48(1):11-215.
SILVA, S.B; SCHMITZ, P.I.; ROGGE, J.H; DE MASI, M.A.N. & A.L. JACOBUS. 1990. O sítio arqueológico da Praia da Tapera: um assentamento Itararé e Tupiguarani. Pesquisas Antropol., São Leopoldo, 45(1):12-210.
SIMÕES-LOPES, P.C. & A. XIMENEZ. 1993. Annotated list of the cetaceans of Santa Catarina Coastal Waters. Biotemas, Porto Alegre, 6(1):67-92.
SIMÕES-LOPES, P.C.; C.J. DREHMER & P.H. OTT. 1995. Nota sobre os Otariidae e Phocidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) da costa do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, Brasil. Biociências, Florianópolis, 3(1):173-181.
STANDARD MEASUREMANTS OF SEAL. 1967. Standard measurements of seal. Jour, Mammal. 48(3):459-462.
WATSON, L. 1985. Whales of the World. London, Hutchinson, 302p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
08 Maio 2009
Data do Fascículo
Set 2001

Histórico

Recebido
19 Out 2000
Aceito
17 Out 2001

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ARNOLD, J.E. 1995. Transportation Innovation and Social Complexity among Maritime Hunter-Gatherer Socicties. Amer. Anthropologist 97(4):735-747.

[2] BIGARELLA, J.J. 1949. Contribuição ao Estudo da Planície Sedimentar da Parte Norte da Ilha de Santa Catarina. Arq. Biol. Tecnol., Curitiba, 4(16):107-140.

[3] BREWER, D.J. 1992. Zooarchaeology: method, theory, and goals. Archacol. Mcthod Theory. 4:195-244.

[4] CHAPLIN, R.E. 1971. The study of animal bones from archaeological sites. London, Seminar Press, 170p.

[5] COLTEN, R.H. & J.E. ARNOLD. 1998. Prehistoric Marine Mammal Hunting on California's Northern Channel Islands. Amer. Antiq. 63(4):679-701.

[6] DAVIS, S.J.M. 1987. The Archaeology of Animais. New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 222p.

[7] DUARTE, G.M. 1971. Distribuição e Localização de Sítios Arqueológicos tipo Sambaqui, na Ilha de Santa Catarina. An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 4(1):31-60.

[8] EBLE, A.B. 1971. Considerações sobre o "Sítio Arqueológico". An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 4(1):71-77.

[9] EISENBERG, J.F. 1983. The Mammalian Radiation: an analysis of trends in evolution, adaptation and behavior. Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, 610p.

[10] GILBERT, B.M. 1990. Mammalian Osteology. Columbia, Missouri Archaeol. Soco. Inc., 2^rd ed., 428p.

[11] GRENNE, E.C. 1959. Anatomy of the rat. Philadelphia, Hafner Publ. Co., 370p.

[12] HUE, E. 1907. Musé e Osteologique - Étude de la Faune Quaternaire. Ostéométrie des Mammifêres. I-II. Paris, Schleicher Frères, 48p.

[13] LYMAN, R.L. 1988. Zoogeography of Oregon Coast Marine Mammals: The last 3,000 Years. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 4(3):247-264.

[14] ______. 1989. Seal and Sea Lion Hunting: A Zooarchaeological Study from Southern Northwest Coast of North America. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 8(1):68-99.

[15] ______. 1992. Prehistoric Seal anel Sea-Lion buctchering on the Southern Northwest Coast. Amer. Antiq. 57(2):246-261.

[16] ______. 1995. On the Evolution of Marine Mammal Hunting on the West Coast of North America. Jour. Anthropol. Archaeol. 14(1):45-77.

[17] LYMAN, R.L.; J.M. SAVELLE & P. WHITRIDGE. 1992. Derivation and Application of a Meat Utility lndex for Phocidae. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 19(5):531-555.

[18] O'LEARY, B.L. 1984. Aboriginal whaling from the Aleutian Island to Washington state, p. 79-102. In: M.L. JONES (Ed.). The gray whale. Orlando, Academic Press, 315p.

[19] PERRIN, W.F. 1975. Variation of Spotted and Spinner porpoise (Genus Stenella) in the Eastern Pacific and Hawaii. Bull. Scripps Inst, Oceanography 21:1-206.

[20] PROUS, A. 1992. Arqueologia brasileira. Brasília, Editora Univ. Brasília, 576p.

[21] RACKHAM, J. 1994. Animal bones: interpreting the past. Berkeley, Univ. California Press, 64p.

[22] REITZ, E.J. & E.S. WING. 1999. Zooarchaeology. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 405p.

[23] ROHR, J.A. 1977a. O Sítio Arqueológico do Pântano do Sul SC-F-10. Florianópolis, IOSC, 102p.

[24] ______. 1977b. Terminologia Queratosseodontomalacológica. An. Mus. Antrop. UFSC, Florianópolis, 9-10(1):5-83.

[25] ROMMEL., S. 1990. Osteology ofthe Bottlenose Dolphin, p. 29-49. In: S. LEATHERWOOD & R.R. REEVES (Eds). The Bottlenose Dolphin. San Diego, Academic Press, 653p.

[26] SAVELLE, J.M. 1994. Prehistoric exploitation of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) and narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Meddelelser om Gronland. Bioscience 39(8):101-117.

[27] ______. 1995. An ethnoarchaeological Investigation of Inuit Beluga Whale and Narwal Harvesting, p. 127-148. In: A.P. MCCARTNEY (Ed). Hunting the largest animals: native whaling in the Western Artic and Subartic - Studies in whaling 3. Edmonton, Canadian Circumpolar Institute, 315p.

[28] ______. 1997. The role of architetural utility in the formation of zooarchaeological whale bone assemblages. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 24(10):869-885.

[29] SAVELLE, J.M. & A.P. MCCARTNEY. 1999. Thule Eskimo bowhead whale interception strategies. World Archaeol. 30(3):437-451.

[30] SAVELLE, J.M. & T.M.FRIESEN. 1996. An Odontocete (Cetacea) meat utility index. Jour. Archaeol. Sci. 23(5):713-721.

[31] SAVELLE, J.M.; T.M. FRIESEN & R.L. LYMAN. 1996. Derivation and application of an Otariid utility index. Jour. Archaeol, Sci. 23(5):705-713.

[32] SCHEEL-YBERT, R. 2000. Os vegetais na vida dos sambaquieiros. Ci. Hoje 28:26-31.

[33] SCHMITZ, P.I.; M.A.N. DE MASI; I. VERARDI; R. LAVINA & A.L. JACOBUS. 1992. O sitio arqueológico da Armação do Sul. Pesquisas Antropol., São Leopoldo, 48(1):11-215.

[34] SILVA, S.B; SCHMITZ, P.I.; ROGGE, J.H; DE MASI, M.A.N. & A.L. JACOBUS. 1990. O sítio arqueológico da Praia da Tapera: um assentamento Itararé e Tupiguarani. Pesquisas Antropol., São Leopoldo, 45(1):12-210.

[35] SIMÕES-LOPES, P.C. & A. XIMENEZ. 1993. Annotated list of the cetaceans of Santa Catarina Coastal Waters. Biotemas, Porto Alegre, 6(1):67-92.

[36] SIMÕES-LOPES, P.C.; C.J. DREHMER & P.H. OTT. 1995. Nota sobre os Otariidae e Phocidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) da costa do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, Brasil. Biociências, Florianópolis, 3(1):173-181.

[37] STANDARD MEASUREMANTS OF SEAL. 1967. Standard measurements of seal. Jour, Mammal. 48(3):459-462.

[38] WATSON, L. 1985. Whales of the World. London, Hutchinson, 302p.