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Dissociação, experiência e narrativa – um estudo de caso

Resumos

Dissociação da consciência é um fenômeno que ocorre tanto em situações culturalmente sancionadas, como rituais religiosos, quanto dentro de contextos médicos. As classificações diagnósticas procuram diferenciar estes episódios em dois fenômenos distintos. Ainda que haja esta tentativa, indivíduos que apresentam quadros dissociativos freqüentemente procuram diferentes possibilidades interpretativas desse fenômeno. O presente estudo procura, por meio de uma etnografia centrada na pessoa, descrever o itinerário de diferentes saberes percorrido por uma paciente com episódios dissociativos. Identificamos ainda que a construção da narrativa da experiência dissociativa apresenta especificidades relacionadas ao fenômeno psicopatológico da dissociação.

Dissociação; etnografia centrada na pessoa; narrativa; psiquiatria cultural


Disociación de la conciencia es un fenómeno que ocurre en contextos culturales, como rituales religiosos, así como en situaciones médicas. Las clasificaciones diagnósticas buscan distinguir esas dos clases de fenómenos. Aunque la diferenciación sea hecha, las personas que presentan experiencias disociativas buscan diferentes posibilidades interpretativas para esos fenómenos. El presente artículo procura a través de una etnografía centrada en la persona describir esos diferentes significados encontrados por una paciente con experiencias disociativas. Además identificamos en la narrativa de esas experiencias la especificidad del fenómeno psicopatológico de la disociación.


La dissociation de la conscience est un phénomène qui se présente dans des situations culturellement sanctionnées, comme des rituels religieux, aussi bien que dans des contextes médicaux. Les classifications du diagnostique cherchent à différencier ces épisodes en deux phénomènes distincts. Néanmoins, les individus présentant un état dissociatif cherchent, en général, différentes interprétations pour ce phénomène. Cette étude a pour but de décrire les itinéraires de différents savoirs parcourus par ces patients tout en s’appuyant sur une ethnographie centrée sur la personne. On reconnaîtra encore dans la narrative de l’expérience dissociative quelques spécificités liées au phénomène psychopathologique de la dissociation.

Dissociation; ethnographie centrée sur la personne; narrative; psychiatrie culturelle


The dissociation of consciousness is a phenomenon that can be seen in both culturally sanctioned situations (such as in religious cults) and in medical settings. Diagnosis classification manuals, such as the DSM-IV and the ICD-10, seek to separate these situations into cultural phenomena and mental disorders, respectively. Despite this difference in diagnoses, patients who have had dissociative experiences often seek different meanings for the phenomena. Through an ethnography centered on the person, this article presents a description of different experiences of a female patient who has had dissociative experiences. The psychopathologic specificities of the construction of the narrative based on these experiences are also discussed.

Dissociation; etnography centered on the person; narrative; cultural psychiatry


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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    Dez 2006

Histórico

  • Recebido
    Abr 2006
  • Aceito
    Jul 2006
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