Analyses of innovation networks financed by biotechnology and energy sector funds

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This paper assessed the formation of innovation networks by firms and institutions of science and technology (IST) so that they can receive financial resources from science and technology sector funds (SFs). SFs are the cornerstones of the Brazilian national system of innovation (NSI). As the funds were created slightly over a decade ago, it is high time they underwent revision.

Design/methodology/approach:

The research used data from projects offered by FINEP, RAIS and Economática. Beyond the pursuit of basic patents Derwent Knowledge of Reuters. Descriptive analyzes were performed, network analysis through Gephi software and applied a multiple regression to the available indicators on the impacts generated by FS. The indicators used originate from different areas of knowledge and are analyzed in light of the theory of open innovation.

Findings:

In the preliminary stage of the program, funds were largely allocated to the science and technology sector, but firms had a low level of participation in the projects. In addition, patent applications are below expectations at that stage, given that one of the aims of SF is the incentive for technological development.

Practical implications:

Despite the improved transparency in the Brazilian economy, restrictions on information do not permit the application of statistical tests to measure the impacts of investments in innovation

Originality/value:

The innovation networks were assessed by social network analysis, which indicated that most nodes (actors) are occupied by more active ISTs, lowering any expectations for a higher level of participation by firms. Some suggestions are made for improving incentive programs for innovation and their management.

Keywords:
open innovation; innovation networks; Sector Funds; biotechnology and energy

RESUMO

Objetivo:

A pesquisa avaliou a formação das redes de inovação constituídas pelas empresas e as ICT’s para o recebimento de recursos financeiros dos Fundos Setoriais (FS) para C&T de biotecnologia e energia no período de 1999 a 2013.

Método:

A pesquisa utilizou dados dos projetos disponibilizados pela FINEP, RAIS e Economática. Além da base de busca de patentes Derwent Knowledge da Reuters. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, análises de rede através do software Gephi e aplicou-se uma regressão múltipla aos indicadores disponíveis sobre os impactos gerados pelos FS.

Fundamentação teórica:

Adotou-se a da Inovação Aberta, para discorrer sobre os conceitos relacionados aos indicadores de inovação, o Sistema Nacional de Inovação e as políticas públicas para inovação, as Redes de Inovação e o Comportamento Inovador.

Resultados:

De um modo geral, os recursos aplicados na fase inicial dos FS foram mais dedicados para C&T do que propriamente para inovação, com representativa quantidade de projetos e recursos sem a participação de empresas. Nas redes de inovação as empresas raramente formaram núcleos, enquanto algumas ICT´s se destacaram. A quantidade de patentes geradas a partir dos projetos foi muito aquém do esperado, o que sugere falta de amadurecimento dos agentes. Observou-se dificuldade no acesso e coleta de dados referentes a aplicação de políticas públicas para inovação.

Contribuições:

Analise sobre a fase inicial dos FS biotecnologia e energia, gerando informações para a academia, os agentes e a sociedade, acrescidas de sugestões para melhoria dos programas de fomento à inovação.

Palavras-chave:
inovação aberta; redes de inovação; fundos setoriais; energia e biotecnologia

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

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• 7
  Evaluation process: Double Blind Review

• 1
  In the case of RAIS data, as data on specific firms are needed but not disclosed by PINTEC, whose confidentiality is protected by Act no. 12.527/2011, which overrides the Access to Information Act, it was necessary to sign a specific agreement to guarantee the confidentiality of participants and to comply with the law.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  Oct-Dec 2015

History

• Received
  28 Sept 2013
• Accepted
  19 Nov 2015