Figure 2
- Line drawing of the preserved elements of Sinopterus atavismus IVPP V 23388. Abbreviations: art, articular; ast, astragalus; cal, calcaneum; sca, scapula; cdv, caudal vertebra; cor, coracoid; cv3-9, cervical vertebrae 3-9; d, dentary; dca, distal carpal; dlca, distal lateral carpal; dta, distal tarsal; dv, dorsal vertebra; ect, ectepicondyle; ent, entepicondyle; epi, epiphysis; etp, extensor tendon process; fe, femur; fi, fibula; gas, gastralia; hu, humerus; il, ilium; is, ischium; j, jugal; l, left; m, maxilla; mc, metacarpal; mcIV, metacarpal IV; md I-III, manual digits I-III; mt I-V, metatarsal I-V; ph1d4- ph3d4, first- third phalanx of manual digit IV; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; pphd1-4, phalanges of the pedal digits 1-4; ppu, prepubis; prca, proximal carpal; pu, pubis; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; r, right; ra, radius; ri, rib; st, sternum; san, surangular; sv, sacral vertebra; ti, tibia; ul, ulna.
Figure 3
Photo (a) and line drawing (b) of the skull of Sinopterus atavismus IVPP V 23388. Abbreviations: art, articular; d, dentary; j, jugal; l, left; m, maxilla; pm, premaxilla; pmcr, premaxillary crest; po, postorbital; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; r, right; san, surangular.
Figure 4
Close up of cervical vertebrae 3-6 of Sinopterus atavismus, IVPP V 23388. Abbreviations: cv3-9, cervical vertebrae 3-9; hyp, hypapophysis; ns, neural spine; pf, pneumatic foramen; poex, postexapophysis; poz, postzygapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis.
Figure 5
Sinopterus atavismus, IVPP V 23388. Plate 1. Pectoral girdle. Plate 2. Humerus, ulna, radius, manual Digits I-III, wing metacarpal and wing finger. Plate 3. Pelvic girdle and femur. Abbreviations: cgc, coracoidal glenoidal cavity; cor, coracoid; dcon, dorsal condyle; dp, deltopectoral crest; epi, epiphysis; etp, extensor tendon process; fe, femur; gtr, greater trochanter; h, head; hu, humerus; il, ilium; is, ischium; ltr, lateral trochanter; l, left; mc, metacarpal; mcIV, metacarpal IV; md I-III, manual Digits I-III; mp, medial process; pf, pneumatic foramen; ph1d4, first phalanx of manual digit IV; ppu, prepubis; pu, pubis; r, right; ra, radius; sca, scapula; ul, ulna; vcon, ventral condyle.
Figure 6
Cranial morphology of several specimens attributed to Sinopterus. A, Sinopterus dongi BVP 077 (“Sinopters gui” BVP 077) (Li et al. 2003); B, Sinopterus atavismus, XHPM 1009 (Lü et al. 2016); C, Sinopterus lingyuanensis (Lü et al. 2016); D, Sinopterus dongi IVPP V 13363 (Wang and Zhou 2003); E, Sinopterus dongi GMN-03-11-001 (“Huaxiapterus jii” GMN-03-11-001) (Lü and Yuan 2005); F, Sinopterus corollatus ZMNH M 8131 (Lü et al. 2006a); G, Sinopterus atavismus IVPP V 23388; H, Sinopterus benxiensis BXGM V 0011 (Lü et al. 2007). Dashed lines represent reconstructed portions of the cranium. Each arrowhead represents the middle part of the dorsal margin of the premaxillary crest. A, B and H shown inverted. Scale bars represent 50 mm.