Resumos
A seringueira é uma planta cujas estacas normalmente enraizam com muita dificuldade. Daí o autor ter estudado uma maneira de multiplicar essa planta por meio de estacas, pelo estrangulamento de sua haste, com um fio de arame bem apertado. Decorridos vários dias após tal operação, as estacas são cortadas logo abaixo do callus formado e plantadas em areia. Vários ensaios foram realizados no Instituto Agronômico do Norte, para estudar em que lugar da haste deve ser feito o estrangulamento, bem como quantos dias depois da operação devem as estacas ser colhidas. Os resultados mostram que o estrangulamento deu melhores resultados quando feito logo abaixo de uma gema ou do ponto de inserção de uma ou de duas fôlhas, e que a colheita das estacas deve ser feita após 40 dias da data da operação.
Rubber tree cuttings are very difficult to root. To improve the rooting of cuttings the author carried out some experiments at the Instituto Agronômico do Norte. The tight application of a piece of thin wire, using a wireplier, encircling the stem of the plant in order to cut the bark to the cambium, was called "estrangulamento" (girdling). Three different ways of girdling were tried: a) under the insertion place of one or two leaves; b) under a bud; c) in a place differe t of a) or b), between the placeof insertion of one or two leaves and a bud, or between two buds. Better results were obtained with a) and b) methods, a) being a little better than b). Generally, by any of the methods mentioned above, the results were much better than those obtained with ungirdled cuttings. At the conditions of the experiments, the use of a commercial product - claimed as good rooting material - did not improve the rooting results. Rubber trees obtained through previous girdling of cuttings developed one to three stout main roots, assuring normal stability of the plant under field conditions. It is possible to obtain more than one rooted cutting per young girdled rubber tree. The percentage of rooted cuttings increased with the duration of girdling, from 10 to 40 days; for cuttings girdled during 50 days, the results were inferior to those obtained with 40-day girdled cuttings. Leafless cuttings rooted better than leaved ones. The results obtained with girdled cuttings taken from seedlings planted in the field (about 10 months old and 1.60m high) were inferior to those obtained with girdled cuttings from younger and smaller seedlings planted in baskets and maintained under half shade. For the seedlings mentioned above and planted in the field, better results were obtained with girdled than with ringed cuttings. Cuttings girdled at the middle height of the plant stem rooted better than those girdled nearer to the apex.
A multiplicação da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis muell.-arg.) por meio de estacas* * O presente trabalho foi executado peto autor quando exercia a chefia da Seção de Coordenação do Trabalho Experimental do Instituto Agronômico do Norte, em Belém, Pa., tendo sido apresentado, em 1946, ao sr. Diretor do Serviço Nacional de Pesquisas Agronômicas, como trecho de relatório, para a devida publicação. O autor agradece a colaboração prestada pelos Engs. Agro. Eimar da Cunha Franco e Flávio Beltrame, quando da realização, respectivamente, dos ensaios apresentados sob n.° 4 e 5 neste trabalho.
The rooting of cuttings of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis)
Luiz O. T. Mendes
Engenheiro-agrônomo, Seção de Eniomologia, Instituto Agronômico
RESUMO
A seringueira é uma planta cujas estacas normalmente enraizam com muita dificuldade. Daí o autor ter estudado uma maneira de multiplicar essa planta por meio de estacas, pelo estrangulamento de sua haste, com um fio de arame bem apertado. Decorridos vários dias após tal operação, as estacas são cortadas logo abaixo do callus formado e plantadas em areia.
Vários ensaios foram realizados no Instituto Agronômico do Norte, para estudar em que lugar da haste deve ser feito o estrangulamento, bem como quantos dias depois da operação devem as estacas ser colhidas.
Os resultados mostram que o estrangulamento deu melhores resultados quando feito logo abaixo de uma gema ou do ponto de inserção de uma ou de duas fôlhas, e que a colheita das estacas deve ser feita após 40 dias da data da operação.
SUMMARY
Rubber tree cuttings are very difficult to root.
To improve the rooting of cuttings the author carried out some experiments at the Instituto Agronômico do Norte.
The tight application of a piece of thin wire, using a wireplier, encircling the stem of the plant in order to cut the bark to the cambium, was called "estrangulamento" (girdling).
Three different ways of girdling were tried: a) under the insertion place of one or two leaves; b) under a bud; c) in a place differe t of a) or b), between the placeof insertion of one or two leaves and a bud, or between two buds. Better results were obtained with a) and b) methods, a) being a little better than b).
Generally, by any of the methods mentioned above, the results were much better than those obtained with ungirdled cuttings.
At the conditions of the experiments, the use of a commercial product - claimed as good rooting material - did not improve the rooting results.
Rubber trees obtained through previous girdling of cuttings developed one to three stout main roots, assuring normal stability of the plant under field conditions.
It is possible to obtain more than one rooted cutting per young girdled rubber tree.
The percentage of rooted cuttings increased with the duration of girdling, from 10 to 40 days; for cuttings girdled during 50 days, the results were inferior to those obtained with 40-day girdled cuttings.
Leafless cuttings rooted better than leaved ones.
The results obtained with girdled cuttings taken from seedlings planted in the field (about 10 months old and 1.60m high) were inferior to those obtained with girdled cuttings from younger and smaller seedlings planted in baskets and maintained under half shade.
For the seedlings mentioned above and planted in the field, better results were obtained with girdled than with ringed cuttings.
Cuttings girdled at the middle height of the plant stem rooted better than those girdled nearer to the apex.
Texto completo disponivél apenas em PDF.
Full text available only in PDF format.
LITERATURA CITADA
Recebido para publicação em 29 de janeiro de 1959.
- 1. BAPTIST, E. D. C. Plant hormones. J. Rub. Res. Inst. Malaya 9:17-39. 1939.
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
26 Abr 2010 -
Data do Fascículo
1959
Histórico
-
Recebido
29 Jan 1959
