Hepatitis B vaccine - proposal for a standardized assessment of immune response

Ferraz, Maria Lucia G.; Silva, Antonio Eduardo; Yamamoto, Marico; Guimaråes, Rubens Xavier

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651992000200009

Abstract

The authors developed a comparative study of the various methods of assessment of immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine. Eighty-six health care professionals underwent a vaccination programme with three doses of plasma-derived vaccine against Hepatitis B (H-B-Vax, Merck, Sharp & Dohme) given intra-muscularly. Assessment of immune response was carried out three months after the end of the programme, by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzymeimmunoassay (EIA). The results showed that the semi-quantitative assessment of Anti-HBs antibodies by RIA or EIA was perfectly comparable to the reference method (quantitative determination of antibodies by RIA). In view of these findings, the authors suggest a standardization of assessment of immune response to the vaccine, thus permitting correct planning of booster doses and easier comparison between different studies

Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Vaccine; Anti-HBS; Antibodies

Resumo

Os autores realizaram estudo comparativo dos diferentes métodos de avaliação da resposta à vacina contra hepatite B. Foram estudados 86 indivíduos, profissionais da área de saúde, que foram submetidos a esquema de vacinação com três doses de vacina plasmática contra hepatite B (H-B-Vax, Merck, Sharp & Dohme), aplicadas por via intramuscular. A avaliação da resposta imunológica à vacina foi realizada três meses após o término do esquema, através tanto de radioimunoensaio como enzimaimunoensaio. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a avaliação semi-quantitativa dos anticorpos anti-HBs por enzimaimunoensaio é perfeitamente superponível ao método de referência, que é a determinação quantitativa de anticorpos por radioimunoensaio. Tendo em vista estes achados, os autores propõem uma padronização da avaliação da resposta à vacina, com o objetivo de predizer a ocasião das doses de reforço e tornar os diferentes estudos comparáveis entre si

IMMUNOLOGY

Hepatitis B vaccine - proposal for a standardized assessment of immune response

Vacinação contra Hepatite B - proposta de padronização da avaliação da resposta imunológica

Maria Lucia G. Ferraz^I; Antonio Eduardo Silva^I; Marico Yamamoto^II; Rubens Xavier Guimaråes^I

^IAssistant Professor of Gastroenterology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brasil

^IIBiologist of Gastroenterology Laboratory, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brasil

Address for correspondence

SUMMARY

The authors developed a comparative study of the various methods of assessment of immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine.

Eighty-six health care professionals underwent a vaccination programme with three doses of plasma-derived vaccine against Hepatitis B (H-B-Vax, Merck, Sharp & Dohme) given intra-muscularly.

Assessment of immune response was carried out three months after the end of the programme, by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzymeimmunoassay (EIA).

The results showed that the semi-quantitative assessment of Anti-HBs antibodies by RIA or EIA was perfectly comparable to the reference method (quantitative determination of antibodies by RIA).

In view of these findings, the authors suggest a standardization of assessment of immune response to the vaccine, thus permitting correct planning of booster doses and easier comparison between different studies.

Key words: Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Vaccine; Anti-HBS; Antibodies.

RESUMO

Os autores realizaram estudo comparativo dos diferentes métodos de avaliação da resposta à vacina contra hepatite B.

Foram estudados 86 indivíduos, profissionais da área de saúde, que foram submetidos a esquema de vacinação com três doses de vacina plasmática contra hepatite B (H-B-Vax, Merck, Sharp & Dohme), aplicadas por via intramuscular.

A avaliação da resposta imunológica à vacina foi realizada três meses após o término do esquema, através tanto de radioimunoensaio como enzimaimunoensaio.

Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a avaliação semi-quantitativa dos anticorpos anti-HBs por enzimaimunoensaio é perfeitamente superponível ao método de referência, que é a determinação quantitativa de anticorpos por radioimunoensaio.

Tendo em vista estes achados, os autores propõem uma padronização da avaliação da resposta à vacina, com o objetivo de predizer a ocasião das doses de reforço e tornar os diferentes estudos comparáveis entre si.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Recebido para publicação em 10/7/1991.

Aceito para publicação em 10/10/1991.

References

1. BENSABATH, G. & SOARES, M.P.C. - A Hepatite B Delta em Boca do Acre, Alto Puras. Mod. Hepat., 14: 36-40,1989.
2. COUROUCÉ, A.M. - Quantification of post-vaccination humoral immunity. In: COURSAGET, P. & TONG, M.J. - Progress on Hepatitis B Immunization. France, John Libbey Eurotext, 1990. p. 67-72.
3. COURSAGET, P.; YVONNET, B.; CHOTARD, J.; SARR, M.; VINCELOT, P.; N'DOYE, R.; DIOP-MAR, I. & CHIRON, J.P. - Seven-year study of Hepatitis B vaccine efficacy in infants from an endemic area (Senegal). Lancet, 2: 1143-1145,1986.
4. DE GROOTE, J.J. - Therapeutic measures after Hepatitis B virus infection: post-exposure prophylaxis. Postgrad. med. J., 63 (Suppl. 2): 33-39,1987.
5. DESAI, H.G. - WHO recommendation for Hepatitis B immunization. Indian J. Gastroent., 5: 291,1986.
6. DIENSTAG, J.L.; WERNER, B.G.; POLK, B.F.; SNYDMAN, D.R.; CRAVEN, D.E.; PLATT, R.; CRUMPACKER, C.S.; OUELLET-HELLSTROM, R. & GRADY, G.F. - Hepatitis B vaccination in health care personnel: safety, immunogenicity and indicators of efficacy. Ann. intern. Med., 101: 34-40,1984.
7. FRANCIS. D.P.; HADLER, S.E. & THOMPSON, J.E. - The prevention of Hepatitis B with vaccine. Report of the Centers for Disease Control multi-center efficacy trial among homosexual men. Ann. intern. Med., 97: 362-366,1982.
8. HOLLINGER, F.B. - Factors influencing the immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine, booster dose guidelines and vaccine recommendations. Amer. J. Med., 87 (Suppl. 3A): 36-40,1989.
9. JILG, W.; SCHMIDT, M.; ZACHOVAL, R. & DEINHARDT, F. - Hepatitis B vaccination: how long does the protection last? Lancet. 2: 458, 1984.
10. MAYNARD, J.E.; KANE, M.A. & HADLER, S.C. - Control of Hepatitis B by immunization. In: ZUCKERMAN, A.J. - Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease. London, Alen R. Liss., 1988. p. 967-969.
11. MEDEIROS J.L. - Hepatite B no Brasil. Mod. Hepat., 14: 3, 1989.
12. MENDES, T.F. - Vacina contra Hepatite B. Mod. Hepat., 1: 3,1983.
13. MILNE, A.; MOYES, C.D.; WALDON, J.; PEARCE, N.E. & KRUGMAN, S. - Outcome evaluation of New Zeland Hepatitis B immunization programme in children. In: COURSAGET, P. & TONG. M.J. - Progress on Hepatitis B Immunization. France, John Libbey Eurotext, 1990. p. 467-473.
14. PAPAVANGELOU, G.; ROUMELIOUTOU-KARAYANNIS, A. & TSAKALAKIS, C. - Dose range studies of a Hepatitis B recombinant DNA vaccine: comparison to a plasma vaccine. In: MEETING OF EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR STUDY OF THE LIVER, 23. Leuven, Belgium, 1988. Abstracts, p. 7-8.
15. PEAD, P.J. - Immune response to Hepatitis B vaccination in hospital staff. Biomed. Pharmacol., 40: 251-253, 1986.
16. STEVENS, C.E.; ALTER, H.J.; TAYLOR, P.E.; ZANG, E.A.; HARLEY, E.J. & SZMUNESS, W. - Hepatitis B vaccine in patients receiving hemodialysis. Immunogenicity and efficacy. New Engl. J. Med., 311: 490-501, 1984.
17. SZMUNESS, W.; STEVENS, C.E.; HARLEY, E.J.; ZANG, E.A.; OLESZCO, W.R.; ALTER, H.J.; TAYLOR, P.E.; DE VERA, A.; CHEN, G.T.S. & KELLNER, A. - Hepatitis B vaccine. Demonstration of efficacy in a controlled clinical trial in high-risk population in the United States. New Engl. J. Med., 303: 834-841,1980.
18. SZMUNESS, W.; STEVENS, C.E. & HARLEY, E.J. - Hepatitis B vaccine in medical staff of hemodialysis units: efficacy and subtype cross-protection. New Engl. J. Med., 307: 1481-1486,1982.

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Maria Lucia G. Ferraz

Rua Diogo de Faria 929 apto. 141

CEP 04037 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
14 Sept 2006
Date of issue
Apr 1992

History

Accepted
10 Oct 1991
Received
10 July 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. BENSABATH, G. & SOARES, M.P.C. - A Hepatite B Delta em Boca do Acre, Alto Puras. Mod. Hepat., 14: 36-40,1989.

[2] 2. COUROUCÉ, A.M. - Quantification of post-vaccination humoral immunity. In: COURSAGET, P. & TONG, M.J. - Progress on Hepatitis B Immunization. France, John Libbey Eurotext, 1990. p. 67-72.

[3] 3. COURSAGET, P.; YVONNET, B.; CHOTARD, J.; SARR, M.; VINCELOT, P.; N'DOYE, R.; DIOP-MAR, I. & CHIRON, J.P. - Seven-year study of Hepatitis B vaccine efficacy in infants from an endemic area (Senegal). Lancet, 2: 1143-1145,1986.

[4] 4. DE GROOTE, J.J. - Therapeutic measures after Hepatitis B virus infection: post-exposure prophylaxis. Postgrad. med. J., 63 (Suppl. 2): 33-39,1987.

[5] 5. DESAI, H.G. - WHO recommendation for Hepatitis B immunization. Indian J. Gastroent., 5: 291,1986.

[6] 6. DIENSTAG, J.L.; WERNER, B.G.; POLK, B.F.; SNYDMAN, D.R.; CRAVEN, D.E.; PLATT, R.; CRUMPACKER, C.S.; OUELLET-HELLSTROM, R. & GRADY, G.F. - Hepatitis B vaccination in health care personnel: safety, immunogenicity and indicators of efficacy. Ann. intern. Med., 101: 34-40,1984.

[7] 7. FRANCIS. D.P.; HADLER, S.E. & THOMPSON, J.E. - The prevention of Hepatitis B with vaccine. Report of the Centers for Disease Control multi-center efficacy trial among homosexual men. Ann. intern. Med., 97: 362-366,1982.

[8] 8. HOLLINGER, F.B. - Factors influencing the immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine, booster dose guidelines and vaccine recommendations. Amer. J. Med., 87 (Suppl. 3A): 36-40,1989.

[9] 9. JILG, W.; SCHMIDT, M.; ZACHOVAL, R. & DEINHARDT, F. - Hepatitis B vaccination: how long does the protection last? Lancet. 2: 458, 1984.

[10] 10. MAYNARD, J.E.; KANE, M.A. & HADLER, S.C. - Control of Hepatitis B by immunization. In: ZUCKERMAN, A.J. - Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease. London, Alen R. Liss., 1988. p. 967-969.

[11] 11. MEDEIROS J.L. - Hepatite B no Brasil. Mod. Hepat., 14: 3, 1989.

[12] 12. MENDES, T.F. - Vacina contra Hepatite B. Mod. Hepat., 1: 3,1983.

[13] 13. MILNE, A.; MOYES, C.D.; WALDON, J.; PEARCE, N.E. & KRUGMAN, S. - Outcome evaluation of New Zeland Hepatitis B immunization programme in children. In: COURSAGET, P. & TONG. M.J. - Progress on Hepatitis B Immunization. France, John Libbey Eurotext, 1990. p. 467-473.

[14] 14. PAPAVANGELOU, G.; ROUMELIOUTOU-KARAYANNIS, A. & TSAKALAKIS, C. - Dose range studies of a Hepatitis B recombinant DNA vaccine: comparison to a plasma vaccine. In: MEETING OF EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR STUDY OF THE LIVER, 23. Leuven, Belgium, 1988. Abstracts, p. 7-8.

[15] 15. PEAD, P.J. - Immune response to Hepatitis B vaccination in hospital staff. Biomed. Pharmacol., 40: 251-253, 1986.

[16] 16. STEVENS, C.E.; ALTER, H.J.; TAYLOR, P.E.; ZANG, E.A.; HARLEY, E.J. & SZMUNESS, W. - Hepatitis B vaccine in patients receiving hemodialysis. Immunogenicity and efficacy. New Engl. J. Med., 311: 490-501, 1984.

[17] 17. SZMUNESS, W.; STEVENS, C.E.; HARLEY, E.J.; ZANG, E.A.; OLESZCO, W.R.; ALTER, H.J.; TAYLOR, P.E.; DE VERA, A.; CHEN, G.T.S. & KELLNER, A. - Hepatitis B vaccine. Demonstration of efficacy in a controlled clinical trial in high-risk population in the United States. New Engl. J. Med., 303: 834-841,1980.

[18] 18. SZMUNESS, W.; STEVENS, C.E. & HARLEY, E.J. - Hepatitis B vaccine in medical staff of hemodialysis units: efficacy and subtype cross-protection. New Engl. J. Med., 307: 1481-1486,1982.