Aplicação, em pré-colheita, de dessecante em duas cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L. ) Merril) III - Efeitos sobre a composição química (proteína, óleo e cinzas) e resíduos nas sementes

Durigan, JC.; Durigan, J.F.; Carvalho, N.M.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83581980000200008

Resumos

A aplicação pré-colheita do dessecante paraquat, quando real izada a partir das primeiras épocas (75 e 72 dias após o início do florescimento, para a Santa Rosa e IAC-2, respectivamente) não modificaram os teores com que ocorreram normalmente, proteína, extrato etéreo e cinzas nos grãos. As análises do resíduo de paraquat nos grãos colhidos, mostram claramente que não se deve recomendar tal prática às lavouras de soja, cujo objetivo final seja o fornecimento de grãos para a alimentação humana e animal. Entretanto pode ser indicada, sem maiores restrições, àquelas cuja finalidade é a produção de sementes comerciais.

dessecante; semente; composição química; resíduo

This work showed that the application of paraquat to either determinate or indeterminate cultivars of soybean when the seeds have reached physiological maturity does not affect the chemical composition but it was verified that the levels of paraquat residue in the grains was too high for the material to be recommended for human or animal consumption.

desiccant; seed; chemical composition; residue

ARTIGO

Aplicação, em pré-colheita, de dessecante em duas cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L. ) Merril) III — Efeitos sobre a composição química (proteína, óleo e cinzas) e resíduos nas sementes

JC.Durigan^I; J.F. Durigan^II; N.M.Carvalho^III

^IProf. da Disciplina de "Herbicidas e Plantas Daninhas" da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal - UNESP

^IIProf. da Disciplina de "Tecnologia dos Produtos Agropecuários" da FCAV de Jaboticabal - UNESP

^IIIProf. da Disciplina de "Tecnologia de Sementes" da FCAV de Jaboticabal - UNESP

RESUMO

A aplicação pré-colheita do dessecante paraquat, quando real izada a partir das primeiras épocas (75 e 72 dias após o início do florescimento, para a Santa Rosa e IAC-2, respectivamente) não modificaram os teores com que ocorreram normalmente, proteína, extrato etéreo e cinzas nos grãos.

As análises do resíduo de paraquat nos grãos colhidos, mostram claramente que não se deve recomendar tal prática às lavouras de soja, cujo objetivo final seja o fornecimento de grãos para a alimentação humana e animal. Entretanto pode ser indicada, sem maiores restrições, àquelas cuja finalidade é a produção de sementes comerciais.

Palavras-chaves: dessecante, semente, composição química, resíduo.

SUMMARY

This work showed that the application of paraquat to either determinate or indeterminate cultivars of soybean when the seeds have reached physiological maturity does not affect the chemical composition but it was verified that the levels of paraquat residue in the grains was too high for the material to be recommended for human or animal consumption.

Keywords: desiccant, seed, chemical composition, residue.

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LITERATURA CITADA

Parte da dissertação do primeiro autor para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências, pela UNESP.

¹
A.O.A.C. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 11Âª. ed. Washington, A.O.A.C, 1970, 1015 p.
2. Austin, R.B. & Longden, P.C. The yield and quality of red beet seed as affected by dessiccant sprays and harvest date. Weed Research, 8:336-345, 1968.
3. Baldwin, B.C. Translocation of diquat in plants. Nature, 198:872-873, 1963.
4. Bastidas, G.; Franco, H. & la Cruz, R. de. Defoliantes en soya (Glycine max L. Merril). Acta Agronômica, 21(2):51-58, 1971.
5. Black, W.J.M; Calderbank, A.; Douglas, G. & McKenna, R.H. Fotodecomposition of bipyridylium herbicides. J. Sci. Food Agric., 17:506509, 1966.
6. Brian, R.C. The bipyridylium quaternary salts. The effect of atmospheric and soil humidity on the uptake and movement of diquat and paraquat in plants. Weed Res., 6:92-303, 1966.
7. Brian, R.C. & Ward, J. The influence of environment on potato haulm killed by diquat and its residues in the tubers. Weed Res., 7:17-130, 1967.
8. Calderbank, A. The bipyridylium herbicides. Advances in Pest Control Res., 8: 127-235, 1968.
9. Corbett, J.R. & Miller, C.S. The persistence of 2,4 D in cotton when applied with desiccants. Weeds, 14(1):34-37, 1966.
10. Derry, J.E. & Hamor, T.E. Fotodegradation of bipyridyliuns herbicides. Nature, 211:464-468, 1969.
11. Dunn, M.J.; Martin, R.J.; Roberts, N.L.; Slade, P.; Standen, H. & Walker, P. Degradation of paraquat. J. Chem. Soc., 46:1468, 1966.
12. Durigan, J.F.; Durigan, J.C.; Carvalho, N.M & Barreto, M. Aplicação pré-colheita de dessecante em soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) da cultivar "Viçoja". III - Efeitos sobre os conteúdos protéico, lipídico e de cinzas. Científica, 6 (3):381-385, 1978.
13. Ellis, P.; Wilkins, R.G. & Williams, J.G. Formation of piridonas from paraquat herbicide. J. Chem. Soc. 79:3975-3979, 1956.
14. Funderburk, H.H. & Lawrence, J.M. Mode of action and metabolism of diquat and paraquat Weeds, 12:259-264, 1964.
15. Garner, W.W.; Allard, H.A. & Foubert, C.L. Oil content of seeds as effected by the nutrition of the plant. J. Agric. Res., 3(3):227-249, 1914.
16. Gigax, D.R. & Burnside, O.C. Chemical desiccation of grain sorghum. Agron. J., 68(4):645649, 1976.
17. Hilton, J.L. Herbicide handbook of the weed Science Society of America 3ÂŞ. ed. Champaign, Weed Sci. Society of America Champaign, 1974. p.292-296.
18. Roberts, H.M. & Griffiths, D.J. Pre-harvest desiccation of herbage seed crops and its effects on seed quality. J.Br. Grassld Soc., 28: 189-192,1973.
19. Rubel, A.; Rinne, R.W. & Cavin, D.T. Protein, oil, and fathy acid in developing soybean seeds Crop. Sci. 12(6):739-741, 1972.
20. Sarruge, J.R. & Haag, H.P. Análises químicas em plantas. Piracicaba, ESALQ-USP, 1974. 56p.
21. Slade, P. Sub-products of paraquat fotodegradation. Nature, 270:515-520, 1965.
22. Slade, P. The fate of paraquat applied to plants. Weed Res., 6:158-167, 1966.
23. Slade, P. & Smith, A.E. Photochemical degradation of diquat. Nature, 213:919-920, 1967.
24. Tabin, S. & Skalski, J. Influence of some defoliants on time of maturation and yield of soybeans seeds. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie Sklodowaska, 27:1-19, 1972.
25. Thrower, S.L.; Hallam, N.D. & Thrower, L.B. Movement of diquat (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylilum) dibromide im leguminous plants. Annals Appl. Biol., 55:253-260, 1965.
²⁶
W.H.O./F.A.O. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1972 Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and of the W.H.O. Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Genebra, WHO, FAO, 1973. 48p. (FAO Agricultural Studies, 90). WHO- Tech. Rep. Series, 525.
27. Wood, G.H. & Gosneel, J.M. Some factors affecting the translocation of radioactive paraquat in Cyperus species. Proc. South Afr. Sugar Technol. Ass., p.7, 1965.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
11 Out 2012
Data do Fascículo
Dez 1980

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ¹
A.O.A.C. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 11Âª. ed. Washington, A.O.A.C, 1970, 1015 p.

[2] 2. Austin, R.B. & Longden, P.C. The yield and quality of red beet seed as affected by dessiccant sprays and harvest date. Weed Research, 8:336-345, 1968.

[3] 3. Baldwin, B.C. Translocation of diquat in plants. Nature, 198:872-873, 1963.

[4] 4. Bastidas, G.; Franco, H. & la Cruz, R. de. Defoliantes en soya (Glycine max L. Merril). Acta Agronômica, 21(2):51-58, 1971.

[5] 5. Black, W.J.M; Calderbank, A.; Douglas, G. & McKenna, R.H. Fotodecomposition of bipyridylium herbicides. J. Sci. Food Agric., 17:506509, 1966.

[6] 6. Brian, R.C. The bipyridylium quaternary salts. The effect of atmospheric and soil humidity on the uptake and movement of diquat and paraquat in plants. Weed Res., 6:92-303, 1966.

[7] 7. Brian, R.C. & Ward, J. The influence of environment on potato haulm killed by diquat and its residues in the tubers. Weed Res., 7:17-130, 1967.

[8] 8. Calderbank, A. The bipyridylium herbicides. Advances in Pest Control Res., 8: 127-235, 1968.

[9] 9. Corbett, J.R. & Miller, C.S. The persistence of 2,4 D in cotton when applied with desiccants. Weeds, 14(1):34-37, 1966.

[10] 10. Derry, J.E. & Hamor, T.E. Fotodegradation of bipyridyliuns herbicides. Nature, 211:464-468, 1969.

[11] 11. Dunn, M.J.; Martin, R.J.; Roberts, N.L.; Slade, P.; Standen, H. & Walker, P. Degradation of paraquat. J. Chem. Soc., 46:1468, 1966.

[12] 12. Durigan, J.F.; Durigan, J.C.; Carvalho, N.M & Barreto, M. Aplicação pré-colheita de dessecante em soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) da cultivar "Viçoja". III - Efeitos sobre os conteúdos protéico, lipídico e de cinzas. Científica, 6 (3):381-385, 1978.

[13] 13. Ellis, P.; Wilkins, R.G. & Williams, J.G. Formation of piridonas from paraquat herbicide. J. Chem. Soc. 79:3975-3979, 1956.

[14] 14. Funderburk, H.H. & Lawrence, J.M. Mode of action and metabolism of diquat and paraquat Weeds, 12:259-264, 1964.

[15] 15. Garner, W.W.; Allard, H.A. & Foubert, C.L. Oil content of seeds as effected by the nutrition of the plant. J. Agric. Res., 3(3):227-249, 1914.

[16] 16. Gigax, D.R. & Burnside, O.C. Chemical desiccation of grain sorghum. Agron. J., 68(4):645649, 1976.

[17] 17. Hilton, J.L. Herbicide handbook of the weed Science Society of America 3ÂŞ. ed. Champaign, Weed Sci. Society of America Champaign, 1974. p.292-296.

[18] 18. Roberts, H.M. & Griffiths, D.J. Pre-harvest desiccation of herbage seed crops and its effects on seed quality. J.Br. Grassld Soc., 28: 189-192,1973.

[19] 19. Rubel, A.; Rinne, R.W. & Cavin, D.T. Protein, oil, and fathy acid in developing soybean seeds Crop. Sci. 12(6):739-741, 1972.

[20] 20. Sarruge, J.R. & Haag, H.P. Análises químicas em plantas. Piracicaba, ESALQ-USP, 1974. 56p.

[21] 21. Slade, P. Sub-products of paraquat fotodegradation. Nature, 270:515-520, 1965.

[22] 22. Slade, P. The fate of paraquat applied to plants. Weed Res., 6:158-167, 1966.

[23] 23. Slade, P. & Smith, A.E. Photochemical degradation of diquat. Nature, 213:919-920, 1967.

[24] 24. Tabin, S. & Skalski, J. Influence of some defoliants on time of maturation and yield of soybeans seeds. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie Sklodowaska, 27:1-19, 1972.

[25] 25. Thrower, S.L.; Hallam, N.D. & Thrower, L.B. Movement of diquat (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylilum) dibromide im leguminous plants. Annals Appl. Biol., 55:253-260, 1965.

[26] ²⁶
W.H.O./F.A.O. Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1972 Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and of the W.H.O. Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Genebra, WHO, FAO, 1973. 48p. (FAO Agricultural Studies, 90). WHO- Tech. Rep. Series, 525.

[27] 27. Wood, G.H. & Gosneel, J.M. Some factors affecting the translocation of radioactive paraquat in Cyperus species. Proc. South Afr. Sugar Technol. Ass., p.7, 1965.

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Aplicação, em pré-colheita, de dessecante em duas cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L. ) Merril) III - Efeitos sobre a composição química (proteína, óleo e cinzas) e resíduos nas sementes

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