Distributional patterns of Aptian-Albian paleoichthyofauna of Brazil and Africa based on Track Analysis

PARMÉRA, THAÍS C.C.; GALLO, VALÉRIA; SILVA, HILDA M.A. DA; FIGUEIREDO, FRANCISCO J. DE

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201720160456

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Earth Sciences • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 91 (Suppl 2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160456 copy

Distributional patterns of Aptian-Albian paleoichthyofauna of Brazil and Africa based on Track Analysis^* 1 * Contribution to the centenary of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The Aptian-Albian paleoichthyofauna in Brazil and Africa is quite diverse, yet their geographic patterns still require accounts. This work consists of a panbiogeographical analysis of paleoichthyofauna from Aptian-Albian through track analysis. Geographic coordinates were obtained and converted into paleocoordinates. Individual Tracks (ITs) and Generalized Tracks (GTs) were built with the aid of ArcView GIS v3.2 program using Trazos2004 extension. As a result, four GTs and tree Biogeographic Nodes (A, B and C) had been identified. GTs 1 and 2 shows two different faunas. GT3 indicates similarity between Brazil and Africa paleoichthyofauna suggesting the break-up of Gondwana as the event that separated it. GT4 represents a probable local seaway produced by transgressions. In the Node A a unique fauna was found indicating the presence of a third biota with its own characteristics. Node B is associated with the break-up of the supercontinent Gondwana. Node C was related to fauna exchange promoted by marine ingression and epicontinental seas that occurred during Aptian-Albian. We concluded that there is a relationship between the distributional patterns of biota and events such as the break-up of Gondwana, the formation of Atlantic Ocean and eustatic movements that affected South America and Africa.

Key words:
Aptian-Albian; Gondwana Break-up; historical biogeography; track analysis.

Generalized Tracks	Individual Tracks
GT1 (Northern Araripe)	Araripelepidotes temnurus, Brannerion latum, Calamopleurus cylindricus,Tharrhias rochae
GT2 (Southern Araripe)	Beurlenichthys ouricuriensis, Cladocyclus alagoensis, C. gardneri, Neoproscinetes penalvai, Rhacolepis buccalis, Tharrhias araripis, Vinctifer longirostris
GT3 (Trans-Gondwana)	Asiatoceratodus tiguidensis, Eotrigonodon sp., Neoceratodus africanus
GT4 (Nigerian Seaway)	Caturus sp., Cretodus sp., Hybodus sp., Lissodus sp., Mawsonia tegamensis, Mawsonia sp., Onchopristis dunklei, O. numidus, Priohybodus arambourgi

Taxon	Brazil	Africa	References
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Asteracanthus sp.		X	Murray (2000MURRAY AM. 2000. The Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic fishes of Africa. Fish and Fisheries 1: 111-145. )
Atractosteus africanus		X	Murray (2000MURRAY AM. 2000. The Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic fishes of Africa. Fish and Fisheries 1: 111-145. )
Axelrodichthys maiseyi	X		Carvalho et al. (2013CARVALHO MSS, GALLO V AND SANTOS HRS. 2013. New species of coelacanth fish from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) of the Grajaú Basin, NE Brazil. Cretaceous Res 46: 80-89.)
Axelrodichthys sp.		X	Gee (1988GEE H. 1988. Cretaceous unity and diversity. Nature 332(6164): 487.)
Bartschichthys sp.	X		Ramos et al. (2009RAMOS MIF, SANTOS HMM, COSTA SARF AND TOLEDO PM. 2009. Catálogo de Fósseis: Coleção Paleontológica do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Mus Para Emílio Goeldi, Belém, 172 p.), Candeiro et al. (2011CANDEIRO CRA, FANTI F, THERRIEN F AND LAMANNA MC. 2011. Continental fossil vertebrates from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) Alcântara Formation, Brazil, and their relationship with contemporaneous faunas from North Africa. J Afr Earth Sci 60(3): 79-92.)
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Bullichthys santanensis	X		Mayrinck et al. (2010MAYRINCK D, BRITO PM AND OTERO O. 2010. A new albuliform (Teleostei: Elopomorpha) from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation, Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. Cretaceous Res 31: 227-236.)
Casieroides yamangaensis		X	Taverne (1975TAVERNE L. 1975. Étude complémentaire de Wenzia congolensis (Arambourg, C., et Schnéegans, D., 1935), Téléostéen Salmoniforme fossile du Wealdien du Gabon, précédemment décrit dans le genre Leptolepis Agassiz, L., 1832. Bull Mus Nat His Nat, 3e série, p. 229-240.)
Ceratodus humei		X	Lefranc (1976LEFRANC JP. 1976. État des connaissances actuelles sur les zonations biostratigraphiques du milieu du Crétacé (Albien-Turonien) au Sahara. Ann Mus Hist Nat Nice 4(19): 1-19.)
Ceratodus pectinatus		X	Lefranc (1976LEFRANC JP. 1976. État des connaissances actuelles sur les zonations biostratigraphiques du milieu du Crétacé (Albien-Turonien) au Sahara. Ann Mus Hist Nat Nice 4(19): 1-19.)
Ceratodus sp.		X	Murray (2000MURRAY AM. 2000. The Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic fishes of Africa. Fish and Fisheries 1: 111-145. )
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Chardonius longicaudatus		X	Murray (2000MURRAY AM. 2000. The Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic fishes of Africa. Fish and Fisheries 1: 111-145. )
Chirocentrites guinensis		X	Cavin et al. (2013CAVIN L, FOREY PL AND GIERSCH S. 2013. Osteology of Eubiodectes libanicus (Pictet & Humbert, 1866) and some other ichthyodectiformes (Teleostei): phylogenetic implications. J Syst Palaeontol 11(2): 115-177.)
Chiromystus mawsoni	X		Silva Santos (1949)
Clupavichthys dufouri		X	Gayet (1989GAYET M. 1989. Note préliminaire sur le matériel paléoichthyologique éocrétacique du Rio Benito (sud de Bata, Guinée Equatoriale). Bull Mus Natn Hist Nat, 4e sér., 11, sect. C (1): 21-31.)
Clupavus brasiliensis	X		Silva Santos (1985b)
Codoichthys carnavalii	X		Silva Santos (1994), Figueiredo and Ribeiro (2016FIGUEIREDO FJ AND RIBEIRO DRM. 2016. Relationships of †Codoichthys carnavalii Santos, 1994 (Teleostei, Clupeomorpha, †Ellimmichthyiformes) from the Late Aptian of São Luís-Grajaú Basin, Ne Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc 88: 1277-1307.)
Cratoamia gondwanica	X		Brito et al. (2008BRITO PM , YABUMOTO Y AND GRANDE L. 2008. New Amiid Fish (Halecomorphi: Amiiformes) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Northeastern Brazil. J Vertebr Paleontol 28(4): 1007-1014.)
Cretodus semiplicatus		X	Cuny et al. (2004CUNY G, OUAJA M, SRARFI D, SCHMITZ L, BUFFETUT E AND BENTON MJ. 2004. Fossil sharks from the Early Cretaceous of Tunisia. Rev Paléobiol 9: 127-142.)
Dentilepisosteus laevis	X		Grande (2010GRANDE L. 2010. An empirical synthetic pattern study of gars and closely related species (Lepisosteiformes) based mostly on skeletal anatomy: The resurrection of Holostei. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Special Publication 7, Allen Press, 874 p. )
Diabodus tataouinensis		X	Cuny et al. (2004CUNY G, OUAJA M, SRARFI D, SCHMITZ L, BUFFETUT E AND BENTON MJ. 2004. Fossil sharks from the Early Cretaceous of Tunisia. Rev Paléobiol 9: 127-142.)
Egertonodus sp.		X	Cuny et al. (2010CUNY G, COBBET AM, MEUNIER FJ AND BENTON MJ. 2010. Vertebrate microremains from the Early Cretaceous of southern Tunisia. Geobios 43: 615-628.)
Ellimma branneri	X		Figueiredo (2006FIGUEIREDO FJ. 2006. Morfologia e Sistemática de peixes teleósteos do Cretáceo e Terciário do Nordeste do Brasil atribuídos aos Clupeomorpha. Tese de Doutorado, Museu Nacional/UFRJ, 2 Vols, 326 p.)
Ellimma cruzae	X		Silva Santos (1990), Figueiredo and Ribeiro (2016FIGUEIREDO FJ AND RIBEIRO DRM. 2016. Relationships of †Codoichthys carnavalii Santos, 1994 (Teleostei, Clupeomorpha, †Ellimmichthyiformes) from the Late Aptian of São Luís-Grajaú Basin, Ne Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc 88: 1277-1307.)
Ellimmichthys goodi		X	Eastman (1912EASTMAN CR. 1912. Tertiary fish-remains from Spanish Guinea in west Africa. Ann Carn Mus 8: 370-378)
Ellimmicththys maceioensis	X		Malabarba et al. (2004MALABARBA MCSL, CARMO DA, GOMEZ-PEREZ I AND QUEIROZ-NETO JV. 2004. A new clupeomorph fish from the Cretaceous Maceió Formation, Alagoas Basin, NE Brazil. Neues Jahrb Geol Palaontol Abh 233(2): 255-274. )
Gyrodus sp.		X	Cuny et al. (2010CUNY G, COBBET AM, MEUNIER FJ AND BENTON MJ. 2010. Vertebrate microremains from the Early Cretaceous of southern Tunisia. Geobios 43: 615-628.)
Iansan beurleni	X		Brito and Seret (1996BRITO PM AND SERET B. 1996. The new genus lansan (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatoidea) from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and its phylogenetic relationships. In: Arratia G and Viohl G (Eds), Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Paleoecology, München: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, p. 47-62.)
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Laeliichthys ancestralis	X		Silva Santos (1985c)
Lepidotes wenzae	X		Brito and Gallo (2003BRITO PM AND GALLO V. 2003. A new species of Lepidotes (Neopterygii: Semionotiformes: Semionotidae) from the Santana Formation, Lower Cretaceous of Northeastern Brazil. J Vertebr Paleontol 23(1): 47-53.)
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Nanaichthys longipinnus	X		Amaral and Brito (2012AMARAL CRL AND BRITO PM. 2012. A New Chanidae (Ostariophysii: Gonorynchiformes) from the Cretaceous of Brazil with affinities to Laurasian gonorynchiforms from Spain. PLoS ONE 7(5): 1-9.)
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Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi		X	Taverne and Maisey (1999TAVERNE L AND MAISEY JG. 1999. A notopterid skull (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) from the continental early Cretaceous of southern Morroco. Am Mus Novit 3260: 1-12.)
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Proportheus kameruni		X	Cavin et al. (2013CAVIN L, FOREY PL AND GIERSCH S. 2013. Osteology of Eubiodectes libanicus (Pictet & Humbert, 1866) and some other ichthyodectiformes (Teleostei): phylogenetic implications. J Syst Palaeontol 11(2): 115-177.)
Pseudoleptolepis minor		X	Taverne (1975TAVERNE L. 1975. Étude complémentaire de Wenzia congolensis (Arambourg, C., et Schnéegans, D., 1935), Téléostéen Salmoniforme fossile du Wealdien du Gabon, précédemment décrit dans le genre Leptolepis Agassiz, L., 1832. Bull Mus Nat His Nat, 3e série, p. 229-240.)
Ptychodus sp.		X	Lefranc (1976LEFRANC JP. 1976. État des connaissances actuelles sur les zonations biostratigraphiques du milieu du Crétacé (Albien-Turonien) au Sahara. Ann Mus Hist Nat Nice 4(19): 1-19.)
Rhacolepis latus	X		Silva Santos (1985a)
Santanasalmo elegans	X		Gallo et al. (2009GALLO V , FIGUEIREDO FJ AND AZEVEDO SA. 2009. Santanasalmo elegans gen. et sp. nov., a basal euteleostean fish from the Lower Cretaceous of the Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. Cretaceous Res 30(6): 1357-1366. )
Scapanorhynchus sp.		X	Murray (2000MURRAY AM. 2000. The Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic fishes of Africa. Fish and Fisheries 1: 111-145. )
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Tharrhias castellanoi	X		Silva Santos (1963)
Tribodus limae	X		Brito and Ferreira (1989BRITO PM AND FERREIRA PLN. 1989. The first hybodont shark, Tribodus limae n. g., n. sp., from the Lower Cretaceous of Chapada do Araripe (North-East Brazil). An Acad Bras Cienc 61: 53-57.), Brito (1992)
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[1] Correspondence to: Valéria Gallo E-mail: gallo@uerj.br

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Distributional patterns of Aptian-Albian paleoichthyofauna of Brazil and Africa based on Track Analysis* 1 * Contribution to the centenary of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.

ABSTRACT

Distributional patterns of Aptian-Albian paleoichthyofauna of Brazil and Africa based on Track Analysis^* 1 * Contribution to the centenary of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.