Figure 1
The chlorohydrin and the propylene processes for the production of propylene oxide (Russo et al. 2013).
Figure 2
Oxidation of alcohols using Pd(II)/phenanthroline and Pd(II)/bisquinoline as a greener alternative (ten Brink et al. 2000, Buffin et al. 2008).
Figure 3
Production of levoglucosene as the main product from microwave pyrolysis of cellulose (Sarotti et al. 2007).
Figure 4
Hydrogenation of cyclohexene and furfural using Pd magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) and Cu/TiO2, respectively (Rossi et al. 2007, Romano et al. 2016).
Figure 5
Alkene epoxidation using 60% H2O2/Al2O3 and Dean-Stark conditions (van Vliet et al. 2001).
Figure 6
Green esterification processes developed by Barbosa and Rossi (Barbosa et al. 2006, Oliveira et al. 2009).
Figure 7
Synthesis of bis-indolyl methanes using CeCl3.7H2O) or NH4[NbO(C2O4)2(H2O)X].nH2O (Silveira et al. 2009, Mendes et al. 2015).
Figure 8
Cross-coupling of diselenides using CuO nanoparticles and Zn (Singh et al. 2009, Narayanaperumal et al. 2010).
Figure 9
Synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl imidazoles 1,2,3-triazoles (Muñoz et al. 2016, Radatz et al. 2014).
Figure 10
Non-activated C-H functionalization mediated by an iron catalyst (Chen and White 2007).
Figure 11
Asymmetric non-activated C-H functionalization mediated by a chiral rhodium catalyst (Liao et al. 2016).
Figure 12
Postulated Heck reaction mechanism (Consorti et al. 2005).
Figure 13
Asymmetric hydrogenation reported by Dupont and coworkers (Monteiro et al. 1997, Berger et al. 2001).
Figure 14
Enantioselective Heck-Matsuda reaction developed by Correia and coworkers (Meira et al. 2007, Oliveira et al. 2013, 2015).
Figure 15
Niobium catalyzed Diels-Alder reaction (Constantino et al. 2006).
Figure 16
The Hajos-Parrish-Eder-Sauer-Wiechert reaction (Hajos and Parrish 1971, 1974, Eder et al. 1971a, b, c).
Figure 17
Organocatalyzed three-component triple domino reaction described by Melchiorre (Chatterjee et al. 2013).
Figure 18
Organocatalyzed aza-Diels-Alder/ring-closing cascade reaction reported by Jørgensen (Li et al. 2017).
Figure 19
Asymmetric aldol reaction reported by Lüdtke, Paixão and coworkers (Schwab et al. 2008).
Figure 20
Asymmetric Michael addition reported by Paixão and coworkers (Feu et al. 2013).
Figure 21
Combination of organocatalysis and Ugi four component reaction reported by Paixão, Rivera and coworkers (Echemend et al. 2015).
Figure 22
Photocatalyzed reaction between aldehydes and α-bromonitriles (Welin et al. 2015).
Figure 23
Asymmetric photocatalyzed reaction using chiral-at-metal Rh complex as Lewis acid (Huo et al. 2016).
Figure 24
Photocatalyzed synthesis of indoles and oxindoles reported by Paixão and coworkers (da Silva et al. 2015).
Figure 25
Photocatalyzed photooxygenation of hydroquinones under flow condotions reported by de Oliveira and McQuade (de Oliveira et al. 2016).
Figure 26
Biocatalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation (Xu et al. 2011).
Figure 27
(a) Sharpless dihydroxylation (Blake et al. 2013 and Ren et al. 2015) and (b) Biocatalytic asymmetric ketone reduction (Linghu et al. 2017).
Figure 28
Kinetic resolution of hydroxy tellurides reported by dos Santos and coworkers (dos Santos et al. 2006).
Figure 29
Kinetic resolution of hydroxypropargylpiperidones reported by Porto and coworkers (Melgar et al. 2010).
Figure 30
Biocatalized stereoinversion of alcohols reported by Marsaioli and coworkers (Mantovani et al. 2009).
Figure 31
Michael addition of amines to acrylonitrile catalyzes by lipase (de Souza et al. 2009).
Figure 32
Continuous-flow telescoped synthesis of (E/Z)-tamoxifen reported by Ley. Adapted with permission from Murray et al. (2013).
Figure 33
Continuous flow, three-minute synthesis of ibuprofen reported by Jamison. Adapted with permission from Snead et al. (2015).
Figure 34
End-to-end continuous production of aliskiren hemifumarate (Mascia et al. 2013).
Figure 35
Continuous flow semi-synthesis of artemisinin reported by Seeberger and coworkers (Kopetzki et al. 2013).
Figure 36
Synthesis of curcuminoids by combination of batch and continuous-flow conditions reported by de Oliveira and coworkers. Adapted with permission from Carmona-Vargas et al. (2017).
Figure 37
Monitoring-integrated continuous-flow reactor reported by Paixão, Cass and coworkers. Adapted with permission from Scatena et al. (2014).
Figure 38
Continuous-flow synthesis of carboxamides using immobilized lipase reported by Andrade and Jamison (Andrade et al. 2016).
Figure 39
Kinetic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine reported by de Souza and coworkers (de Miranda et al. 2013).
Figure 40
The commercial synthesis of Halaven®, a landmark achievement in process chemistry (Chase et al. 2013, Austad et al. 2013a, b).
Figure 41
Structures of axinellamine antibiotics.
Figure 42
First and second generation syntheses of the highly functionalized guanidine-spirocycle intermediate (O’Malley et al. 2008, Rodriguez et al. 2014).
Figure 43
First and second generation syntheses of the intermediate used in the synthesis of tetracyclines (Charest et al. 2005, Brubaker and Myers 2007).
Figure 44
a) General approach for the synthesis of new tetracycline derivatives (Kummer et al. 2011); b) syntheses of eravacycline (Ronn et al. 2013).
Figure 45
Total synthesis of solithromycin (Seiple et al. 2016).
Figure 46
Synthesis of (−)-Thapsigargin devised by Baran’s group (Chu et al. 2017).
Figure 47
Scalable synthesis of porphyrins under continuous-flow conditions reported by de Oliveira and coworkers (Momo et al. 2015).
Figure 48
Deca-gram ring expansion of (R)-(−)-carvone reported by Brocksom and Ley (Alves et al. 2015).
Figure 49
Sulfenylation and selenylation of lithium enolates of esters (Brocksom et al. 1974).
Figure 50
Bakuzis total syntheses of (±)-sativene and (±)-copacamphene (Bakuzis et al. 1976).
Figure 51
Stereoselective Michael addition of nitrocompounds to enoates according to Costa and coworkers.
Figure 52
Sinthesis of 1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles according to Ferreira and coworkers (da Silva et al. 2009).
Figure 53
Preparation of ethoxycarbonyl pyrazoles by Martins and coworkers (Martins et al. 1995).
Figure 54
Baylis-Hilmann reaction promoted by ultrasound irradiation, according to Coelho and coworkers (Coelho et al. 2002).
Figure 55
Ferraz’s total synthesis of (-)-mintlactone (Ferraz et al. 2000).
Figure 56
Some of the natural products prepared by Dias and coworkers using stereoselective boron aldol reactions (Dias and Meira 2005, Dias et al. 2015).
Figure 57
Some representative pyrrolizidine, indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids prepared by Pilli and coworkers (Pilli and Russowksy 1996, Pilli et al. 1995, Klitzke 2001, Santos and Pilli 2003).
Figure 58
Stereoselective synthesis of β-alkynylketones using alkylidene isoxazol-5-ones (Jurberg 2017).
Figure 59
Contributions from Burtoloso’s research group to the chemistry of diazoketones (Pinho and Burtoloso 2011, Bernardim et al. 2012, Talero and Burtoloso 2017).
Figure 60
Chemoselective reduction of azlactones using Schwartz’s reagent reported by Amarante (Pinheiro et al. 2017).
Figure 61
Regioselective metalation/functionalization of 1-ester-substituted indolizines reported by Clososki (Amaral et al. 2015).
Figure 62
Addition of arylzinc reagents to aldehydes (a) and synthesis of glycosyl amides using in situ generated lithium selenocarboxylates (b) reported by Lüdtke (Martins and Lüdtke 2014, Martins et al. 2017, Silva et al. 2016).
Figure 63
Addition of (Z)-1,3-enynes pseudoglycosides reported by Menezes (Dantas et al. 2016).
Figure 64
Electrophilic α-alkynylation of ketones reported by da Silva Jr (Utaka et al. 2014).
Figure 65
Iodination of aromatics and heteroaromatics promoted by ultrasound in water reported by Raminelli and Pizzuti (Ferreira et al. 2014).
Figure 66
Rh catalyzed C−H iodination, bromination, and phenylselenation of 1,4-benzoquinones reported by N. da Silva Júnior and Bower (Jardim et al. 2016a).
Figure 67
Preparation of oxindoles reported reported by Andrade (Correia et al. 2017).