Influence of low-protein diet with different levels of amino acids on laying hen performance, quality and egg composition

ALAGAWANY, MAHMOUD; EL-HINDAWY, MOHAMED M.; EL-HACK, MOHAMED E. ABD; ARIF, MUHAMMAD; EL-SAYED, SABRY ABD

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020180230

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Biological Sciences • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 92 (01) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180230 copy

Influence of low-protein diet with different levels of amino acids on laying hen performance, quality and egg composition

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the consequences of dietary levels of crude protein (CP) and total sulfur amino acids (TSAA, Met+Cys) on productive performance, egg quality and egg components for Lohmann Brown laying hens through 18-34 weeks of age. A 2×3 factorial design experiment was conducted using two levels of CP (16 and 18 %) and three levels of Met+ Cys (0.67, 0.72 and 0.77 %). A total of 144 Lohmann Brown laying hens at 18 weeks of age were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups. The best values of final body weight and body weight change were recorded by the hens fed 18 % CP diet. Increasing dietary CP up to 18 % accompanied with the best (P> 0.01) feed conversion, egg weight and egg mass. The combination between low-CP diet (16 %) and 0.72 % Met+ Cys gave the best percentage of egg production. The majority of egg quality traits were not significantly altered by dietary treatments. The interaction between CP and Met+Cys levels had a statistical (P>0.01) impact on egg content of moisture and total solids only. It could be concluded that the best production criteria could be obtained by using 0.72% Met+Cys. Moreover, dietary level of 16 or 18 % CP with 0.72% Met+Cys is recommended for feeding Lohmann hens.

Key words
layers; low-protein diet; amino acids; production; egg quality; blood

Dietary protein levels %	16			18
Dietary Met+Cys levels %	0.67	0.72	0.77	0.67	0.72	0.77
Ingredients%
Maize	67.34	67.34	67.34	62.14	62.14	62.13
Soybean meal 44%	15.50	15.50	15.50	22.00	22.00	22.00
Corn gluten	4.43	4.38	4.33	4.41	4.36	4.31
Wheat bran	1.80	1.80	1.80	-	-	-
Cotton seed oil	-	-	-	0.70	0.70	0.70
Salt	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
Vitamin premix¹	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Mineral premix²	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Di-calcium phosphate	1.86	1.86	1.86	1.80	1.80	1.80
Limestone	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20
L-lysine HCL	0.17	0.17	0.17	0.11	0.11	0.11
Dl-Methionine	0.10	0.15	0.20	0.04	0.09	0.15
Chemical composition
a- Determined analysis³
Crude protein%	16.6	17.23	17.23	17.28	18.66	18.71
Crude fat %	4.47	4.83	4.88	4.20	5.00	5.20
Moisture %	9.45	10.90	9.85	9.99	10.00	10.37
b- Calculated analysis⁴
ME, Kcal /Kg	2800	2800	2800	2801	2801	2801
Crude protein %	16.01	16.01	16.01	18.03	18.03	18.02
Calcium%	3.64	3.64	3.64	3.64	3.64	3.64
Nonphytate P %	0.45	0.45	0.45	0.45	0.45	0.45
Lysine%	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.94	0.94	0.94
Methionine%	0.41	0.46	0.51	0.39	0.44	0.49
Cystine%	0.26	0.26	0.26	0.28	0.28	0.28
Met+Cys %	0.67	0.72	0.77	0.67	0.72	0.77

Item		Feed consumption (kg/h)	FCR (g feed/g egg)	Egg production (%)	Egg weight (g)	Change of body weight (g)
Low-CP diet effect
	16	12.09±0.24	2.50±0.02^a	73.30±3.35	55.02± 0.60^b	82±19.65^b
	18	12.36±0.45	2.27±0.03^b	76.48±2.13	58.15±0.54^a	139±11.25^a
Met+Cys effect
	0.67	12.50±0.28	2.40±0.06^a	74.16±1.14^b	58.23±0.42	161±21.25
	0.72	12.21±0.48	2.20±0.05^b	79.01±0.52^a	57.99±0.37	91±23.25
	0.77	12.12±0.15	2.35±0.03^a	72.16±2.09^b	58.21±0.54	164±25.45
Interaction effect
Low-CP diet	Met+Cys
16	0.67	12.70±0.30	2.65±0.10	72.08±4.44^c	55.34±1.98^b	109±26.80b^c
	0.72	12.21±0.45	2.33±0.02	79.37±0.86^a	55.82±1.51^b	42±30.20^c
	0.77	11.50±0.22	2.54±0.03	68.45±3.30^d	53.89±1.61^c	98±36.80^c
18	0.67	12.12±0.24	2.71±0.05	75.83±1.03^b	58.16±0.98^a	115±36.80b^c
	0.72	12.24±0.64	2.26±0.12	78.05±0.90^a	57.44±1.99^a	70±16.80^c
	0.77	12.60±0.23	2.30±0.06	75.83±4.44^b	58.84±0.98^a	231±36.50^a
Probabilities
Low-CP diet		0.321	0.002	0.082	>0.001	0.001
Met+Cys		0.094	0.020	0.031	0.354	0.324
Interaction		0.231	0.341	>0.001	0.003	0.032

		Exterior egg quality		Interior egg quality
Item		ESI1	USSW2	Albumin %	Yolk %	Shell %	Haugh unit	Yolk index	Y: A ratio	Shell thickness (mm)
Low-CP diet effect
	16	78.29±0.27	3.85±0.00^b	62.40±0.16	25.02±0.13	12.59±0.06	88.02±0.38	41.37±0.29^b	0.402±0.03	0.407±0.01
	18	79.08±0.37	3.79±0.01^a	63.16±0.30	23.97±0.20	12.82±0.13	86.07±0.78	47.60±0.49^a	0.383±0.00	0.399±0.01
Met+Cys effect
	0.67	78.65±0.26	3.84±0.01	63.22±0.23	24.36±0. 15	12.37±0.10	84.29±0.80	46.72±0.33^a	0.388±0.00	0.389±0.01
	0.72	78.54±0.22	3.85±0.00	63.50±0.24	24.31±0. 19	12.20±0.13	87.92±0.36	41.75±0.62^b	0.386±0.00	0.404±0.01
	0.77	77.29±0.38	3.91±0.00	65.74±0.30	22.38±0. 18	11.87±0.16	84.14±0.49	45.91±0.49^a	0.344±0.00	0.425±0.01
Interaction effect
Low-CP diet	Met+Cys
16	0.67	78.82±1.33	3.83±0.01	62.25±0.23	25.36±0.15	12.38±0.09	86.88±0.77	47.57±1.25	0.409±0.00	0.388±0.01
	0.72	78.85±0.15	3.84±0.01	61.37±0.61	25.07±0.47	13.63±0.13	89.83±0.94	32.82±0.44	0.407±0.01	0.410±0.01
	0.77	77.20±0.60	3.88±0.03	63.58±0.46	24.63±0.53	11.78±0.14	87.34±1.79	43.71±0.62	0.390±0.01	0.422±0.01
18	0.67	79.29±0.85	3.74±0.02	62.66±0.60	23.99±0.45	13.24±0.38	85.76±4.23	47.20±1.36	0.388±0.01	0.368±0.01
	0.72	79.39±0.73	3.77±0.01	62.51±1.10	25.01±0.61	12.47±0.49	88.69±0.66	47.69±1.74	0.403±0.02	0.378±0.01
	0.77	78.57±1.85	3.86±0.02	64.30±1.25	22.92±0.86	12.76±0.42	83.76±0.18	47.91±1.95	0.358±0.02	0.452±0.01
Probabilities
Low-CP diet		0.325	0.024	1.244	0.954	0.257	1.002	0.042	0.548	1.001
Met+Cys		0.657	1.214	0.984	0.457	0.243	0.845	0.039	0.648	0.948
Interaction		0.145	0.874	0.548	0.547	1.254	0.954	0.657	0.243	0.876

Item		Moisture %	Egg solids %	Egg protein %	Ether extract %	Nitrogen free extract %	Organic matter %	Ash %
Low-CP diet effect
	16	73.04±0.35	26.95±0.35	12.43±0.55	11.16±0.75	3.35±0.96	96.52±0.14	3.48±0.14
	18	74.30±0.35	25.69±0.35	13.47±0.55	11.04±0.75	1.17±0.96	96.37±0.14	3.62±0.14
Met+Cys effect
	0.67	73.30±0.35	26.69±0.35	13.01±0.55	11.96±0.75	1.74±0.96	96.27±0.14	3.72±0.14
	0.72	74.32±0.35	25.67±0.35	13.58±0.55	10.41±0.75	1.68±0.96	96.47±0.14	3.52±0.14
	0.77	73.30±0.35	26.69±0.35	13.04±0.55	10.36±0.75	3.28±0.96	96.69±0.14	3.30±0.14
Interaction effect
Low-CP diet	Met+Cys
	0.67	72.70±0.61^c	27.29±0.61^a	12.31±0.95	10.19±1.30	4.78±1.67	96.27±0.25	3.72±0.25
16	0.72	72.40±0.61^c	27.59±0.61^a	12.22±0.95	11.72±1.30	3.65±1.67	96.25±0.25	3.74±0.25
	0.77	74.02±0.61^b	25.97±0.61^b	12.75±0.95	11.58±1.30	1.69±1.67	97.03±0.25	2.96±0.25
	0.67	73.18±0.61b^c	26.82±0.61^a	14.56±0.95	13.08±1.30	0.10±1.67	96.14±0.25	3.85±0.25
18	0.72	76.36±0.61^a	23.63±0.61^c	12.99±0.95	10.22±1.30	0.42±1.67	96.58±0.25	3.41±0.25
	0.77	73.37±0.61b^c	26.62±0.61^a	12.87±0.95	9.84±1.30	3.91±1.67	96.40±0.25	3.59±0.25
Probabilities
Low-CP diet		0.574	0.598	0.845	0.547	0.544	0.777	0.946
Met+Cys		0.869	1.024	0.597	0.321	0.846	0.349	0.347
Interaction		>0.001	0.009	0.984	0.382	0.317	0.211	0.879

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[1] Correspondence to Mahmoud Alagawany E-mail: mmalagwany@zu.edu.eg