White matter hyperintensities, executive function and global cognitive performance in vascular mild cognitive impairment

Sudo, Felipe Kenji; Alves, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira; Alves, Gilberto Sousa; Ericeira-Valente, Letice; Tiel, Chan; Moreira, Denise Madeira; Laks, Jerson; Engelhardt, Eliasz

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20130057

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Articles • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 71 (7) • July 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20130057 copy

White matter hyperintensities, executive function and global cognitive performance in vascular mild cognitive impairment

Hiper-intensidades de substância branca, função executiva e desempenho cognitivo global no comprometimento cognitivo leve vascular

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) represents an early symptomatic stage of vascular cognitive impairment and might be associated to fronto-executive dysfunction.

Methods

Twenty-six individuals (age: 73.11±7.90 years; 65.4% female; schooling: 9.84±3.61 years) were selected through neuropsychological assessment and neuroimaging. Clinical and neuroimaging data of VaMCI individuals (n=15) were compared to normal controls (NC, n=11) and correlated with Fazekas scale.

Results

VaMCI performed significantly worse than NC in Trail-Making Test (TMT) B, errors in TMT B, difference TMT B-A and Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) final scores. Correlations were found among scores in modified Fazekas scale and performances in TMT B (time to complete and errors), difference TMT B-A and CAMCOG total score.

Conclusion

Extension of white matter hyperintensities might be correlated to poorer global cognition and impairments in a set of fronto-executive functions, such as cognitive speed, set shifting and inhibitory control in VaMCI.

mild cognitive impairment; dementia; vascular; executive function; neuropsychology; neuroimaging; cerebrovascular disorders

	VaMCI(mean±SD)	NC(mean±SD)	p-value
Gender (M/F)	6/9	3/8	0.683^a a Pearson's χ2;
Age (years)	74.13±8.06	69.36±7.11	0.148^b b Mann-Whitney test;
Schooling (years)	8.86±4.03	11.18±2.56	0.121^b b Mann-Whitney test;
MMSE	27.33±2.41	28.81±1.16	0.069^b b Mann-Whitney test;
HIS	5.50±4.03	1.50±1.50	0.011^b b Mann-Whitney test;
Fazekas scale (0/1/2/3)	0/0/7/8	3/8/0/0	<0.001^b b Mann-Whitney test;
de Leon scale (0/1/2/3)	7/8/0/0	6/5/0/0	0.691^a a Pearson's χ2;

	VaMCI(mean±SD)	NC(mean±SD)	p-value^a a Pearson's χ2;
FAQ	0.93±1.33	0.09±0.30	0.148
Cornell	2.66±2.69	1.27±2.28	0.164
Orientation	9.33±1.29	9.72±0.46	0.838
Language	25.86±2.16	27.18±1.07	0.097
Memory	19.60±3.43	22.0±2.96	0.097
Attention	4.73±1.79	5.54±1.75	0.305
Praxis	10.26±1.66	10.81±0.98	0.610
Perception	7.33±1.23	8.18±1.32	0.180
Calculation	2.00±0	1.90±0.30	0.721
Abstraction	4.66±2.35	6.27±1.61	0.061
CAMCOG	83.80±8.22	91.90±4.59	0.011
CLOX1	13.20±1.74	13.27±2.19	0.838
CLOX2	13.80±1.82	14.50±0.52	0.892
TMT A	87.53±35.73	60.54±17.24	0.041
Errors A	0.13±0.35	0.09±0.30	0.878
TMT B	265.84±136.49	127.45±46.76	0.004
Errors B	1.61±0.86	0.63±1.02	0.011
TMT B:A	3.28±1.54	2.19±0.83	-^b b Mann-Whitney test;
TMT B-A	180.07±118.50	66.90±43.75	0.006
Log TMT B:A	0.47±0.19	0.31±0.16	0.082
VF	15.71±4.56	16.63±3.38	0.809
Working	4.60±1.80	5.72±1.55	0.121

	r^a a Pearson's χ2;	p-value	r^b b Mann-Whitney test;	p-value
CAMCOG	-0.533	0.006	-0.609	<0.001
TMT A	0.265	0.200	0.497	0.011
TMT B	0.530	0.009	0.687	<0.001
Errors B	0.468	0.024	0.530	0.009
TMT B-A	0.502	0.015	0.669	<0.001

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[1] Correspondence: Felipe Kenji Sudo; Rua Barata Ribeiro 383 / 1.004; 22040-001 Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brasil; E-mail: fksudo@gmail.com