The anticonvulsant effects of <i>Ducrosia anethifolia</i> (Boiss) essential oil are produced by its main component alpha-pinene in rats

Zamyad, Mahnaz; Abbasnejad, Mehdi; Esmaeili-Mahani, Saeed; Mostafavi, Ali; Sheibani, Vahid

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20180147

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Article • Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. 77 (2) • Feb 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20180147 copy

The anticonvulsant effects of Ducrosia anethifolia (Boiss) essential oil are produced by its main component alpha-pinene in rats

Os efeitos anticonvulsivantes do óleo essencial de Ducrosia anethifolia (Boiss) são realizados pelo seu principal componente alfa-pineno em ratos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Ducrosia anethifolia has been recommended as a remedy for neurological disorders. However, the anticonvulsant effects of D. anethifolia essential oil (DAEO) and its major constituent α-pinene have not yet been clarified.

Methods:

A rat model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions was used. Oxidant and antioxidant parameters were assayed in the temporal lobe.

Results:

The data showed that DAEO (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) and α-pinene (0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg i.p.) delayed the initiation time, and reduced the duration of myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures following PTZ injection. The PTZ produced oxidative stress so that malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels were increased and catalase and peroxidase activity decreased. Pretreatment with DAEO and α-pinene significantly inhibited the above-mentioned enzymatic changes in PTZ-treated animals.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that α-pinene, at teast in part, was responsible for the induction of the anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects of DAEO in rats.

Keywords:
Pentytenetetrazote; seizures; oxidative stress

Treatment and doses (mg/kg, i.p)	Duration of seizure (sec.)			% Mortality	% Protection
Treatment and doses (mg/kg, i.p)	Myoclonic	Tonic	Tonic-clonic	% Mortality	% Protection
PTZ	34 ± 03	31 ± 42	165 ± 86	100	14
PTZ + Diazepam 2 mg/kg	2 ±14^* ***** p < 0.001,	4 ± 85^* ***** p < 0.001,	4 ± 14^* ***** p < 0.001,	0	100
PTZ + D. anethifolia 25 mg/kg	20 ± 01	40 ± 01	162 ± 71	71	29
PTZ + D. anethifolia 50 mg/kg	10 ± 42^ p < 0.01,	13 ± 57^* * p < 0.05, compared with PTZ-treated control rats. PTZ: pentylenetetrazole	13 ± 42^* ***** p < 0.001,	0	100
PTZ + D. anethifolia 100 mg/kg	13 ± 71^ p < 0.01,	18 ± 14	35 ± 57^* ***** p < 0.001,	14	86
PTZ + D. anethifolia 200 mg/kg	17 ± 42^* * p < 0.05, compared with PTZ-treated control rats. PTZ: pentylenetetrazole	19 ± 14	27 ±14^* ***** p < 0.001,	14	86
PTZ + α-pinene 0.2 mg/kg	16 ± 71^* * p < 0.05, compared with PTZ-treated control rats. PTZ: pentylenetetrazole	10 ± 57^ p < 0.01,	31 ± 57^* ***** p < 0.001,	42	58
PTZ + α-pinene 0.4 mg/kg	13 ± 43^ p < 0.01,	8 ± 42^ p < 0.01,	21 ± 71^* ***** p < 0.001,	28	72

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[1] Correspondence: Mehdi Abbasnejad; Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; P.O. Box: 76135-133; E-mail: mabbas@uk.ac.ir