Sensitivity and specificity of different measures of adiposity to
               distinguish between low/high motor coordination

Lopes, Luís; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Carla; Pereira, Beatriz; Lopes, Vítor Pires

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2014.05.005

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Original Articles • J. Pediatr. (Rio J.) 91 (1) • Jan-Feb 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2014.05.005 copy

Sensitivity and specificity of different measures of adiposity to distinguish between low/high motor coordination^☆ ☆ Please cite this article as: Lopes L, Santos R, Moreira C, Pereira BL, Lopes VP. Sensitivity and specificity of different measures of adiposity to distinguish between low/high motor coordination. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015;91:44-51.

Sensibilidade e especificidade de diferentes medidas de adiposidade para diferenciação entre pouca/ampla coordenação motora

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to determine the ability of different measures of adiposity to discriminate between low/high motor coordination and to evaluate the relationship between different measures of adiposity and motor coordination.

METHODS:

This study included 596 elementary school children aged 9 to 12 years (218 females - 47.1%). Weight, height, and waist circumference were objectively measured by standardized protocols. Body fat percentage was estimated by bioelectric impedance. Body mass index and waist-to-height ratio were computed. Motor coordination was assessed by the Körperkoordination Test für Kinder. Cardiorespiratory fitness was predicted by a maximal multistage 20 m shuttle-run test of the Fitnessgram Test Battery. A questionnaire was used to assess the maternal educational level.

RESULTS:

The receiver operating characteristic performance of body fat percentage in females and waist circumference in males presented a slightly better discriminatory accuracy than body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in predicting low motor coordination. After adjustments, logistic regression analyses showed that body mass index (ß = 2.155; 95% CI: 1.164-3.992; p = 0.015 for girls; ß = 3.255; 95% CI: 1.740-6.088; p < 0.001 for males), waist circumference (ß = 2.489; 95% CI: 1.242-4.988; p = 0.010 for girls; ß = 3.296; 95% CI: 1.784-6.090; p < 0.001 for males), body fat percentage (ß = 2.395; 95% CI: 1.234-4.646; p = 0.010 for girls; ß = 2.603; 95% CI: 1.462-4.634; p < 0.001 for males) and waist-to-height ratio (ß = 3.840; 95% CI: 2.025-7.283; p < 0.001 for males) were positively and significantly associated with motor coordination in both sexes, with the exception of waist-to-height ratio in girls (ß = 1.343; 95% CI: 0.713-2.528; p = 0.381).

CONCLUSION:

Body fat percentage and waist circumference showed a slightly better discriminatory accuracy in predicting low motor coordination for females and for males, respectively.

Adiposity; Motor coordination; KTK; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Children

	All (n = 596)	Females (n = 281)	Males (n = 315)	p^a
Age (years)	9.7 ± 0.6	9.7 ± 0.5	9.7 ± 0.6	0.552
BMI (kg/m²)	18.6 ± 3.3	18.6 ± 3.3	18.6 ± 3.3	0.934
Waist circumference (cm)	66.8 ± 8.6	66.3 ± 8.74	67.2 ± 8.74	0.215
Waist-height ratio	0.48 ± 0.05	0.48 ± 0.06	0.49 ± 0.05	0.149
Body fat percentage (%)	19.7 ± 8.3	21.4 ± 8.9	18.3 ± 7.4	< 0.001
Motor coordination (motor quotient)	85.7 ± 14.4	81.7 ± 14.5	89.3 ± 13.4	< 0.001

	All	Females	Males
BMI
BMI cut-off (kg/m²)	> 19.9	> 18.0	> 19.9
Sensitivity (%)	46.4 (40.7–52.2)	67.3 (59.6–74.3)	50.7 (42.1–59.3)
Specificity (%)	84.7 (80.0–88.7)	61.6 (51.9–70.6)	85.8 (79.7–90.6)
AUC	0.668 (0.629–0.706) p < 0.001^a	0.660 (0.601–0.715) p < 0.001^a	0.678 (0.623–0.729) p < 0.001

WC
WC cut-off (cm)	> 69.5	> 69.5	> 68.5
Sensitivity (%)	49.7 (43.9–55.4)	47.6 (39.9–55.5)	54.3 (45.7–62.8)
Specificity (%)	83.7 (78.9–87.8)	83.0 (74.8–89.5)	83.0 (76.6–88.2)
AUC	0.675 (0.635–0.702) p < 0.001^a	0.660 (0.601–0.715) p < 0.001^a	0.704 (0.650–0.754), p < 0.001

WHtR
WHtR cut-off	> 0.50	> 0.49	> 0.50
Sensitivity (%)	47.7 (42.0–53.5)	47.0 (39.3–54.9)	52.9 (44.2–61.4)
Specificity (%)	85.1 (80.4–89.0)	81.2 (72.8–88.0)	85.2 (79.1–90.1)
AUC	0.663 (0.623–0.701) p < 0.001^a	0.643 (0.584–0.699) p < 0.001^a	0.701 (0.647–0.751), p < 0.001

BF%
BF% cut-off	> 20.2	> 24.0	> 17.6
Sensitivity (%)	58.5 (52.8–64.1)	53.6 (45.7–61.3)	63.0 (54.4–71.1)
Specificity (%)	76.7 (71.4–81.5)	80.4 (71.8–87.3)	72.7 (65.5–79.2)
AUC	0.709 (0.670–0.745) p < 0.001	0.701 (0.644–0.754) p < 0.001	0.698 (0.644–0.749), p < 0.001

	Low motor coordination
	Unadjusted			Adjusted^a
	OR	CI	p	OR	CI	p
Females
BMI < 18.0	1
BMI ≥ 18.0	3.297	(2.002–5.429)	< 0.001	2.155	(1.164–3.992)	0.015
WC < 69.5	1
WC ≥ 69.5	4.450	(2.494–7.939)	< 0.001	2.489	(1.242–4.988)	0.010
BF% < 24.0	1
BF% ≥ 24.0	4.720	(2.707–8.231)	< 0.001	2.395	(1.234–4.646)	0.010
WHtR < 0.497	1
WHtR ≥ 0.497	2.733	(1.631–4.580)	< 0.001	1.343	(0.713–2.528)	0.381

Males
BMI < 19.9	1
BMI ≥ 19.9	6.218	(3.627–10.658)	< 0.001	3.255	(1.740–6.088)	< 0.001
WC < 68.5	1
WC ≥ 68.5	5.794	(3.457–9.709)	< 0.001	3.296	(1.784–6.090)	< 0.001
BF% < 17.6	1
BF% ≥ 17.6	4.549	(2.817–7.345)	< 0.001	2.603	(1.462–4.634)	< 0.001
WHtR < 0.5	1
WHtR ≥ 0.5	6.479	(3.799–11.051)	< 0.001	3.840	(2.025–7.283)	< 0.001

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail: luis.iec.um@hotmail.com (L. Lopes).