Effects of programmed physical activity on body composition in
               post-pubertal schoolchildren

Farias, Edson dos Santos; Gonçalves, Ezequiel Moreira; Morcillo, André Moreno; Guerra-Júnior, Gil; Amancio, Olga Maria Silverio

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2014.06.004

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Original Articles • J. Pediatr. (Rio J.) 91 (2) • Mar-Apr 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2014.06.004 copy

Effects of programmed physical activity on body composition in post-pubertal schoolchildren ^☆ ☆ Please cite this article as: Farias ES, Gonçalves EM, Morcillo AM, Guerra-Júnior G, Amancio OM. Effects of Programmed physical activity on body composition in post-pubertal schoolchildren. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015;91:122-9.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE:

To assess body composition modifications in post-pubertal schoolchildren after practice of a physical activity program during one school year.

METHODS:

The sample consisted of 386 students aged between 15 and 17 years and divided into two groups: the study group (SG) comprised 195 students and the control group (CG), 191. The SG was submitted to a physical activity program and the CG attended conventional physical education classes. Body composition was assessed using body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass (FM), and lean mass (LM).

RESULTS:

A positive effect of the physical activity program on body composition in the SG (p < 0.001) was observed, as well as on the interaction time x group in all the variables analyzed in both genders. A reduction in %BF (mean of differences = -5.58%) and waist circumference (-2.33 cm), as well as an increase in LM (+2.05 kg) were observed in the SG for both genders, whereas the opposite was observed in the CG.

CONCLUSION:

The practice of programmed physical activity promotes significant reduction of body fat in post-pubertal schoolchildren.

Motor activity; School health; Body composition; Overweight; Obesity

	Study (%)	Control (%)	p
Age (years)	15.9 ± 0.8	16.0 ± 0.8	0.757^a
15	70 (35.9)	65 (34.0)	0.927^b
16	69 (35.4)	70 (36.6)
17	56 (28.7)	56 (29.3)
Gender			0.042^b
Male	111 (56.9)	89 (49.3)
Female	84 (43.1)	102 (50.7)
Socioeconomic level			0.179^b
A	55 (27.5)	66 (33.2)
B	140 (71.0)	125 (64.4)

	Male		Female		Total
	Study	Control	Study	Control	Study	Control
Weight (kg)	65.1 ± 11.7	67.1 ± 10.0^a	56.3 ± 8.1	56.3 ± 8.4	61.3 ± 11.2	61.3 ± 10.6
Height (cm)	171.8 ± 7.9	173.4 ± 6.4^a	161.4 ± 6.1	161.1 ± 5.3	167.3 ± 8.8	166.8 ± 8.5
BMI (kg/m²)	21.9 ± 3.2	22.3 ± 2.9	21.6 ± 2.8	21.6 ± 2.8	21.8 ± 3.0	21.9 ± 2.9
zBMI	0.4 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 0.9	0.3 ± 0.8	0.2 ± 0.9	0.3 ± 0.9	0.3 ± 0.9
S2SF (mm)	36.3 ± 13.4^a	31.6 ± 15.0^a	39.4 ± 12.7^a	45.7 ± 14.6^a	37.6 ± 13.1	39.1 ± 16.4
%BF	29.2 ± 11.1^a	25.1 ± 12.6^a	30.9 ± 7.4^a	34.3 ± 8.5^a	29.9 ± 9.7	30.0 ± 11.5
LM (kg)	45.5 ± 8.9^a	49.8 ± 9.6^a	38.7 ± 5.6^b	36.5 ± 4.4^b	42.6 ± 8.3	42.7 ± 9.9
FM (kg)	19.5 ± 9.7^b	17.3 ± 9.9^b	17.6 ± 5.9^b	19.8 ± 7.2^b	18.7 ± 8.3	18.6 ± 8.6
Waist (cm)	76.9 ± 7.2	77.4 ± 8.0	76.1 ± 7.5^b	74.4 ± 8.2^b	75.0 ± 7.9^a	71.8 ± 7.5^a

	Male					Female
	Post	Differences	ANCOVA			Post	Differences	ANCOVA
	Mean ± SD	Δ(SE)	Effects	F	p	Mean ± SD	Δ(SE)	Effects	F	p
%BF			Time	1.51	0.220			Time	3.62	0.059
Study	22.2 ± 10.8	-7.02(0.25)	Group	332.32	< 0.001	27.2 ± 6.6	-3.66(0.19)	Group	540.31	< 0.001
Control	28.9 ± 13.6	3.79(0.26)	Time x Group	821.40	< 0.001	35.5 ± 8.3	1.15(0.13)	Time x Group	456.20	< 0.001
LM (kg)			Time	1.26	0.264			Time	0.09	0.769
Study	48.4 ± 8.7	2.86(0.18)	Group	110.50	< 0.001	39.7 ± 5.2	1.00(0.18)	Group	4.30	0.039
Control	47.7 ± 9.7	-2.09(0.16)	Time x Group	269.00	< 0.001	36.7 ± 4.2	0.17(0.07)	Time x Group	43.71	< 0.001
FM (kg)			Time	0.16	0.688			Time	15.63	< 0.001
Study	14.3 ± 8.3	-5.28(0.28)	Group	85.50	< 0.001	15.0 ± 4.5	-2.61(0.20)	Group	92.70	< 0.001
Control	20.1 ± 11.1	2.84(0.22)	Time x Group	680.28	< 0.001	20.8 ± 7.4	1.06(0.11)	Time x Group	337.14	< 0.001
Waist (cm)			Time	0.41	0.522			Time	0.17
Study	74.4 ± 6.3	-2.42(0.19)	Group	87.71	< 0.001	72.8 ± 7.2	-2.21(0.14)	Group	33.20	< 0.001
Control	78.3 ± 8.2	0.86(0.12)	Time x Group	231.38	< 0.001	72.4 ± 7.2	0.64(0.12)	Time x Group	233.61	< 0.001

Pre
	Study	Control	Total
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	p^a
Non-Obese	135 (69.2)	144 (75.4)	279 (72.3)
Excess weight	60 (30.8)	47 (24.6)	107(27.7)	0.176
Total	195 (100.0)	191 (100.0)	386 (100.0)
Post
Non-Obese	190 (97.4)	145 (75.9)	335 (86.8)
Excess weight	05 (2.6)	46 (24.1)	51 (13.2)	< 0.001
Total	195 (100.0)	191 (100.0)	386 (100.0)

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[1] * Corresponding author.E-mails: esfarias@bol.com.br, emaildozeique@gmail.com (E.d.S. Farias).