Tupiperla illiesi fly along the year in the coastal mountains of southeastern Brazil, with larger numbers during the warmer rainy season. In the seasonal tropical climate of Central Brazil and Serra do Cipó, MG, T. oliveirai and T. gracilis, respectively, fly along the year but the pattern is still not known. In the higher elevation (ca. 1600 m a.s.l.) of Campos do Jordão, SP, species of Tupiperla may not fly during the colder months. Seasonal size variation, a phenomenon still little understood, occurred both in tropical and subtropical climates of the states of Goiás and São Paulo.
Tupiperla; flight periods; seasonal size variation; Plecoptera; Brazil
