Quality of working life: assessment of intervention studies

Hipólito, Maiza Claudia Vilela; Masson, Valéria Aparecida; Monteiro, Maria Inês; Gutierrez, Gustavo Luis

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2015-0069

Maiza Claudia Vilela Hipólito CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Maiza Claudia Vilela Hipólito. E-mail: maizavilela@yahoo.com.br

Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Campinas-SP, Brasil.

Valéria Aparecida Masson

Universidade Paulista, Faculdade de Americana. Campinas-SP, Brasil.

Maria Inês Monteiro

Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem. Campinas-SP, Brasil.

Gustavo Luis Gutierrez

Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Campinas-SP, Brasil.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Maiza Claudia Vilela Hipólito. E-mail: maizavilela@yahoo.com.br

Author/ country	Population	Objective	Study method	Main results
Grande, 2013⁽¹²12 Grande AJ, Silva V, Manzatto L, Rocha TBX, Martins GC, Vilela Jr GB. [Determinants of quality if life at workplace: cluster-randomized controlled trial]. Rev Bras Med Esporte [Internet]. 2013[cited 2015 Aug 18];19:5. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbme/v19n5/en_a15v19n5.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbme/v19n5/en_a... ⁾Brazil	190 workers	To analyze determinant factors of quality of life after three months of health promotion program for workers.	Experimental study: randomized clinical trial	When comparing national data to this study’s data for all self-referred chronic diseases, significant statistical differences were observed for hypertension, asthma and thyropathies (p < 0.0001). Practice of physical activities for aesthetic reasons has a negative influence on the perception of quality of life.
Johnston, 2014⁽¹³13 Johnston V, et al. A workplace exercise versus health promotion intervention to prevent and reduce the economic and personal burden of non-specific neck pain in office personnel: protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial. J Physiother [Internet]. 2014[cited 2014 Aug 23];60(4):233. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25306220 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25306... ⁾Australia	640 office workers	To investigate if the introduction of ergonomics and exercise into the workplace could diminish cervical pain.	Quantitative	Protocol. Results will be disclosed after 12 months of intervention.
Mansi, 2013⁽¹⁴14 Mansi S, Milosavljevic S, Tumilty S, Hendrick P, Baxter GD. Use of pedometer-driven walking to promote physical activity and improve health-related quality of life among meat processing workers: a feasibility trial. Health Qual Life Outcomes [Internet]. 2013[cited 2014 Sep 16];11:185. Available from: http://www.hqlo.com/content/11/1/185 http://www.hqlo.com/content/11/1/185... ⁾New Zealand	60 workers	To investigate if a walking program with use of a pedometer could improve health quality for meat processing workers	Quantitative	The study was collected at three times, and results have not been disclosed yet.
Cheema, 2013⁽¹⁵15 Cheema BS, Houridis A, Busch L, Raschke-Cheema V, Melville GW, Marshall PW, et al. Effect of an office worksite-based yoga program on heart rate variability: outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med [Internet]. 2013[cited 2014 Aug 27];13(82). Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/82 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/1... ⁾Australia	37 office workers	To determine if a Hatha Yoga program could improve physiological stress and health.	Quantitative	The yoga intervention significantly increased lumbar and hip mobility (p < 0.001), and analyses revealed that those who had a high adherence to yoga had their anxiety state reduced (p = 0.02) and tended to have improved muscle resistance (p = 0.07).
Rutanen, 2014⁽¹⁶16 Rutanen R, Nygard CH, Moilanen J, Mikkola T, Raitanen J, Tomas E, et al. Effect of physical exercise on work ability and daily strain in symptomatic menopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Work [Internet]. 2014[cited 2014 Sep 27];47(2):281-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23324726 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23324... ⁾Finland	123 women during menopause	To assess the effects of physical exercise on work capacity and daily effort.	Quantitative	Increase in mental resources and decrease in physical effort were significantly higher for the intervention group than for the control group (p < 0.05).
Vilsteren, 2012⁽¹⁷17 Vilsteren MV, Boot CRL, Steenbeek R, Schaardenburg DV, Alexandre E Voskuyl AE, Anema JR. An intervention program with the aim to improve and maintain work productivity for workers with rheumatoid arthritis: design of a randomized controlled trial and cost-effectiveness study. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2012[cited 2014 Oct 12];12(496). Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/496 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/1... ⁾Netherlands	Workers	To investigate the effectiveness of an intervention program at the workplace for workers with rheumatoid arthritis.	Quantitative	Results have not been disclosed yet.
Morgan, 2012⁽¹⁸18 Morgan PJ, Collins CE, Plotnikoff RC, Cook AT, Berthon B, Mitchell S, et al. The impact of a workplace-based weight loss program on work-related outcomes in overweight male shift workers. J Occup Environ Med [Internet]. 2012[cited 2015 Aug 27];54(2):122-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22269987 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22269... ⁾Australia	110 obese individuals	To evaluate the impact of a weight loss program at the workplace	Quantitative	Weight loss and improvements in quality of life, productivity, absenteeism and lesions for male workers.
Esmaeilzadeh, 2014⁽¹⁹19 Esmaeilzadeh S, Ozcan E, Capan N. Effects of ergonomic intervention on work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders among computer workers: a randomized controlled trial. Int Arch Occup Environ Health [Internet]. 2014[cited 2014 Aug 27];87(1):73-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263694 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263... ⁾Turkey	400 computer workers	To investigate the effects of ergonomic interventions in work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms (WUEMSS).	Quantitative	In the intervention group, body posture (p < 0.001) and workstation layout (p = 0.002) improved within 6 months. Intensity (p < 0.001), duration (p < 0.001), and frequency (p = 0.009) of WUEMSS significantly decreased for the intervention group when compared to the control group. Functional, (p = 0.001) physical, (p < 0.001) mental, (p = 0.035) and health states related to quality of life significantly improved in comparison to controls.
Santos, 2011⁽²⁰20 Santos AC, Bredemeier M, Rosa KF, Amantéa VA, Xavier RM. Impact on the quality of life of an educational program for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2011[cited 2014 Aug 27];11(60). Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/60 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/1... ⁾Brazil	101 office workers	To assess the impact of a prevention program for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) on quality of life for two groups.	Quantitative	The intervention group received specific counseling for WMSD prevention, whereas the control group received sanitary education. There were no statistically significant differences between groups (p > 0.05).
Cloostermans, 2014⁽²¹21 Cloostermans L, Bekkers MB, Uiters E, Proper KI. The effectiveness of interventions for ageing workers on (early) retirement, work ability and productivity: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health [Internet]. 2014[cited 2014 Sep 23];88(5):521-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25118618 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25118... ⁾Netherlands		To verify in literature the effects of interventions for elderly workers related to retirement, work capacity and productivity.	Systematic review	Programs ranged from individual programs to workplace programs. Due to insufficient evidence, it was not possible to verify the interventions’ positive effects.
Harris, 2011⁽²²22 Harris J, et al. Adaptive e-learning to improve dietary behaviour: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Technol Assess [Internet]. 2011[cited 2014 Sep 23];15(37):1-160. Available from: http://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/hta/volume-15/issue-37 http://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/ht... ⁾United Kingdom		To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of e-learning interventions for changes in dietary behavior.	Systematic review	E-learning devices produced no significant changes in dietary behavior.

Author/country	Population	Objective	Study method	Main results
Pereira, 2010⁽²³23 Pereira EF, Teixeira CS, Kothe F, Merino EAD, Daronco LSE. [Sleep quality and quality of life perception in orchestra musicians]. Rev Psiquiatr Clín [Internet]. 2010[cited 2014 Aug 17];37(2). Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rpc/v37n2/a03v37n2.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rpc/v37n2/a03v3... ⁾Brazil	Orchestral musicians	To verify the frequency of poor sleep quality	Quantitative	Dimensions most frequently associated with sleep quality were ability to perform daily activities, (p = 0.003) work (p = 0.004), pain, discomfort (p = 0.006), satisfaction with personal relationships (p = 0.007) and ability to enjoy life (p = 0.008). The physical domain in quality of life analysis was the one with the highest explanatory power for sleep quality (34%).
Barroso, 2013⁽²⁴24 Barroso SM, Guerra ARP. [Burnout and quality of life in health comunitary agents of Caetanópolis (MG)]. Cad Saúde Colet [Internet]. 2013[cited 2014 Aug 17];21(3)338-45. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cadsc/v21n3/v21n3a16.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cadsc/v21n3/v21... ⁾Brazil	24 community health workers (CHW)	To assess the existence of burnout syndrome and the quality of life of CHW.	Quantitative	The perception that emotional state interferes in work presented a significant correlation with total score in the burnout scale (p < 0.005) and environmental aspects of quality of life (p < 0.001).
Silva, 2013⁽²⁵25 Silva CA, Ferreira MC. [Dimensions and indicators of quality of life and well-being at work]. Psic Teor Pesq [Internet]. 2013[cited 2014 Oct 23];29(3):331-9. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ptp/v29n3/v29n3a11.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ptp/v29n3/v29n3... ⁾Brazil	284 workers of the electricity sector	To investigate the influence of quality of life and well-being dimensions on work; physical and security conditions, and relations.	Quantitative	Opportunities for use and development of their own competences were the main positive predictors for the three indicators considered. In the process of factor validation of the Organizational Dimensions Scale for Quality of Life and Well-Being at Work, Bartlett’s sphericity test was significant (p < 0.001).
Oliveira, 2012⁽²⁶26 Oliveira ERA, Garcia AL, Gomes MJ, Bittar TO, Pereira AC. [Gender and perceived quality of life: research with professors from the health are]a. Ciênc Saúde Colet [Internet]. 2012[cited 2015 Aug 22];17(3):74-7. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v17n3/v17n3a21.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v17n3/v17n3... ⁾Brazil	19 students	To analyze work conditions of college professors in the health field and their implications on health and quality of life.	Qualitative	Absence of leisure with consequent sleep disorders, favoring psychic diseases; excessive work; significant changes in work organization, negatively influencing health and quality of life.
Membrive, 2011⁽²⁷27 Membrive JM, Granero-Molina J, Salmerón MJS, Fernández-Sola C, López CMR, Carreño TP. Quality of life in perimenopausal women working in the health and educational system. Rev Latino-Am Enferm [Internet]. 2011[cited 2014 Act 12];19(6)14:21. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rlae/v19n6/06.pdf http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rlae/v19n6/06.p... ⁾Spain	203 climacteric women	To determine the association between professional activity and quality of life perceived by climacteric women.	Quantitative	Quality of life perceived by women during perimenopause who worked in the education field was higher than that of women working in the health field (p = 0.004).
Daubermann, 2012⁽²⁸28 Daubermann DC, Tonete VLP. [Quality of work life of nurses in primary health care]. Acta Paul Enferm [Internet]. 2012[cited 2014 Aug 23];25(2):277-83. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ape/v25n2/a19v25n2.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/ape/v25n2/a19v2... ⁾Brazil	Eight nurses	To learn the concepts and experiences of nurses on quality of working life.	Qualitative	Broad concepts on quality of life and quality of working life were observed. The nurses were generally satisfied in those regards.
Padilha, 2009⁽²⁹29 Padilha V. [Quality of work life in a setting of precariousness: a delusional panacea]. Trab Educ Saúde [Internet]. 2009[cited 2014 Oct 02];7(3):549-63. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/tes/v7n3/09.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/tes/v7n3/09.pdf... ⁾Brazil		To analyze work precariousness factors in relation to workers’ quality of working life.	Critical review	Quality of working life policies adopted in the businesses minimized work precariousness, but not the problem’s structural causes.
Pomaki, 2011⁽³⁰30 Pomaki G, Franco RL, Murray E, Khushrushahi N, Lampinen TM. Workplace-based work disability prevention interventions for workers with common mental health conditions: a review of the literature. J Occup Rehabil [Internet]. 2012[cited 2014 Oct 15];22(2):182-95. Available from: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10926-011-9338-9 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007... ⁾Canada		To verify evidence on incapacity prevention interventions at the work place for workers with mental health problems.	Systematic Review	Access to treatment and interventions in the workplace could benefit workers with mental health problems.

Author/country	Population	Objective	Study method	Main results
Costa, 2012⁽³¹31 Costa CSN, Freitas EG, Mendonça LCS, Alem MER; Coury HJCG. Work ability and quality of life of Brazilian industrial workers. Ciênc Saúde Colet [Internet]. 2012[cited 2014 Oct 15];17(6):1635-42. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v17n6/v17n6a26.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csc/v17n6/v17n6... ⁾Brazil	100 production line workers (34 men and 66 women)	To comparatively assess quality of life and work capacity of industrial workers.	Quantitative	Young men obtained higher scores for work capacity (p = 0.016), whereas women aged 30 - 39 presented the worst values for quality of life (p = 0.027), especially for the domains social relations and environment.
Biallas, 2015⁽³²32 Biallas B. Analysis of workplace health promotion and its effect on work ability and health-related quality of life in a medium-sized business. Europe PMC [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2014 Oct 12];77(5):357-61. Available from: http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/24810235 http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/248102... ⁾Germany	75 individuals (55 men and 20 women) of a medium-size company	To analyze the effects of health promotion at the workplace on work capacity and health related to quality of working life.	Quantitative	Promoting exercise in the context of occupational health promotion had a positive effect on quality of life and work capacity for workers.
Pizolato, 2013⁽³³33 Pizolato RA, Rehder MI, Meneghim MC, Ambrosano GM, Mialhe FL, Pereira AC. Impact on quality of life in teachers after educational actions for prevention of voice disorders: a longitudinal study. Health Qual Life Outcomes [Internet]. 2013[cited 2015 Oct 12];11(28). Available from: https://hqlo.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1477-7525-11-28 https://hqlo.biomedcentral.com/articles/... ⁾Brazil	70 instructors	To investigate the impact of educational voice interventions on quality of life and voice for instructors.	Quantitative	Higher control and general scores in the quality of life instrument after preventive intervention.
Reinhardt, 2009⁽³⁴34 Reinhardt EL, Fisher FM. [Barriers to interventions aimed at promoting the health of health care workers in Brazil]. Rev Panam Salud Publica [Internet]. 2009[cited 2015 Aug 27];25(5):411-7. Available from: http://www.scielosp.org/pdf/rpsp/v25n5/05.pdf Portuguese. http://www.scielosp.org/pdf/rpsp/v25n5/0... ⁾Brazil		To search literature for situations that might hinder disease prevention and other activities aimed at improving workers’ health in the health sector.	Bibliographical review	Intervention programs with no theoretical basis; failure to assess intervention effectiveness; health surveillance restricted to diseases and specific harms; lack of commitment from management; communication gaps.
Groeneveld, 2010⁽³⁵35 Groeneveld IF, Proper KI, Van Der Beek AJ, Hildebrandt VH, Van Mechelen W. Lifestyle-focused interventions at the workplace to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease - a systematic review. Scand J Work Environ Health [Internet]. 2010[cited 2014 Sep 10];36(3):202-15. Available from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40967848?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents http://www.jstor.org/stable/40967848?seq... ⁾Netherlands		To summarize evidence for an effect of interventions segmented by lifestyle at the workplace addressing the main biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease.		Effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions at the workplace on body fat and for populations under risk of cardiovascular disease and body weight.
Rongen, 2012⁽³⁶36 Rongen A, Robroek SJ, Van Lenthe FJ, Burdorf A. Workplace health promotion: a meta-analysis of effectiveness. Am J Prev Med [Internet]. 2013[cited 2014 Aug 26];44(4):406-15. Available from: http://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(13)00012-3/abstract http://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-... ⁾Netherlands		To study the effectiveness of health promotion programs at the workplace.	Systematic review	Partially determined by characteristics of intervention and analysis.

[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Maiza Claudia Vilela Hipólito. E-mail: maizavilela@yahoo.com.br

Brasil

Brasil

Quality of working life: assessment of intervention studies

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion: