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Assessment of ulceration risk in diabetic individuals

Evaluación del riesgo de ulceración en los individuos diabéticos

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To identify the risk factors for foot ulceration through the tracing of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease in individuals with type I and II diabetes, who were assisted in reference centers of the Federal District, Brazil.

Method:

a cross-sectional and analytical study, with the assessment of 117 individuals in outpatient clinics of the Federal District. Continuous variables were compared through Mann-Whitney test, and categorized variables, through Chi-square test for univariate analysis and Logistics regression test for multivariate analysis.

Results:

painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy was present in 37 (75.5%) of the individuals with neuropathy. Deformities and loss of protective plant sensibility were related to neuropathy (p=0.014 and p=0.001, respectively). Of the 40 (34.2%) individuals in the sample who presented peripheral arterial disease, 26 (65%) presented calcification risk.

Conclusion:

signs of painful peripheral polyneuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, deformities, loss of protective plantar sensibility, and dry skin were identified as risk factors for ulceration.

Descriptors:
Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic neuropathies; Peripheral arterial disease; Nursing care; Secondary attention to health

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