Instruments for quality of life assessment in individuals with human papillomavirus

Pereira-Caldeira, Natália Maria Vieira; Pereira-Ávila, Fernanda Maria Vieira; Almeida-Cruz, Maria Cristina Mendes de; Reinato, Lílian Andreia Fleck; Reis, Renata Karina; Gir, Elucir

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0394

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REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 72 (5) • Sep-Oct 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0394 copy

Instruments for quality of life assessment in individuals with human papillomavirus

Instrumentos para evaluación de la calidad de vida en individuos con papillomavirus humano

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To identify scientific evidence on quality of life measurement instruments used in individuals with infections caused by human papillomavirus.

Method:

This was an integrative review carried out from April 1995 to March 2017 in the LILACS, SciVerse Scopus, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, and PubMed databases. The controlled descriptors adopted were: Infecções por Papilomavirus; Qualidade de Vida; Papillomavirus Infections; and Quality of Life.

Results:

Of the 416 articles found, 12 were selected. Thirteen different types of instruments to evaluate the quality of life of individuals with human papillomavirus were identified, in that nine were generic and four specific.

Conclusion:

Different generic and specific instruments were used to evaluate the quality of life of individuals with human papillomavirus, which means no consensus or preference among the studies was identified. However, a lack of use of specific instruments to evaluate this construct in this population was observed.

Descriptors:
Quality of Life; Papillomavirus Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Psychometrics; Scales

N	Title/Year of publication	Objective	Instruments used	Main results
1	Impact of human papillomavirus-related genital diseases on quality of life and psychosocial wellbeing: results of an observational, health-related quality of life study in the UK⁽¹⁶16 Dominiak-Felden G, Cohet C, Atrux-Tallau S, Gilet H, Tristram A, Fiander. Impact of human papillomavirus-related genital diseases on quality of life and psychosocial wellbeing: results of an observational, health-related quality of life study in the UK. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:1065. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1065 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-106... ⁾ 2013	To evaluate the psychosocial burden and impact of HPV lesions and genital warts on QoL in the United Kingdom, with the use of specific instruments.	HIP^I EQ-5D^II/ EQ-VAS^III CECA-10^IV CSFQ^V	HPV-related lower genital lesions caused a negative impact on the QoL and psychosocial well-being of women. Women with neoplasms caused by HPV reported depression, anxiety, pain, discomfort, and mobility and self-care problems.
2	Impact of genital warts on health related quality of life in men and women in mainland China: a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study⁽⁶6 Shi JF, Kang DJ, Qi SZ, Wu HY, Liu YC, Sun LJ, et al. Impact of genital warts on health related quality of life in men and women in mainland China: a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):153. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-153 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-153... ⁾ 2012	To measure the impact of genital warts on the QoL of men and women in mainland China, with the use of the EQ-5D generic instrument.	EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS	Patients with genital warts presented reduced QoL. Women reported more problems related to anxiety/depression, pain/discomfort, and mobility when compared with men.
3	The impact of anogenital warts on health-related quality of life: A six-month prospective study⁽¹³13 Drolet M, Brisson M, Maunsell E, Franco EL, Coutlée F, Ferenczy A, et al. The impact of anogenital warts on health-related quality of life: a 6-month prospective study. Sex Transm Infect. 2011;38(10):949-56. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182215512 https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318221... ⁾ 2011	To evaluate changes caused by anogenital warts in QoL over time. To estimate prospectively the QoL lost due to anogenital warts.	EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS HIP SF-36^VI SF-12^VII	Anogenital warts have negative and significant psychosocial impacts on these patients' lives.
4	Health-related quality of life in patients with anogenital warts⁽¹⁴14 Koupidis SA, Nicolaidou E, Hadjivassiliou M, Bellos S, Skapinakis P, Stefanaki C, et al. Health related quality of life in patients with anogenital warts. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011;9:67. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-9-67 https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-9-67... ⁾ 2011	To evaluate QoL in patients with anogenital warts at the time of diagnosis and during one month of follow-up.	SF-36	Patients with anogenital warts presented an improvement in vitality and mental health between the time of diagnosis and one month after the beginning of the treatment. However, it was not possible to determine the influence on the QoL of these patients.
5	Quality of life in patients with anogenital warts⁽¹⁷17 Paradisi A, Capizzi R, Ricci, Di Pietro C, Abeni D, Tabolli S. Quality of life in patients with anogenital warts. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(6):837-42. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2013.2171 https://doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2013.2171... ⁾ 2013	To describe the health condition of patients with genital warts and evaluate the impact of the disease on QoL, with the use of specific and generic dermatological instruments.	SF-36 Skindex-29^VIII GHQ-12^IX	The presence of anogenital warts may substantially influence QoL, causing significant mental alterations.
6	The impact of genital warts: loss of quality of life and cost of treatment in eight sexual health clinics in the UK⁽¹⁵15 Woodhall SC, Jit M, Soldan K, Kinghorn G, Gilson R, Natham M, et al. The impact of genital warts: loss of quality of life and cost of treatment in eight sexual health clinics in the UK. Sex Transm Infect. 2011;87(6):458-3. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050073 https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2011-05... ⁾ 2011	To estimate QoL loss and care cost for economic evaluations of vaccination against HPV.	EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS	The greatest damages to the QoL of the participants in the study were found in the pain and anxiety dimensions, indicating moderate or extreme problems such as anxiety or depression and pain or discomfort.
7	Impact of HPV vaccination on young women's quality of life-A five year follow-up study⁽⁴4 Woodhall S, Eriksson T, Nykänen AM, Huhtala H, Rissanen P, Apter D, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination on young women's quality of life-a five year follow-up study. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2011;16(1):3-8. doi: 10.3109/13625187.2010.536921 https://doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2010.53... ⁾ 2011	To evaluate the impact of vaccination against HPV on the QoL of a population of vaccinated and unvaccinated young women aged from 16 to 18 years, five years after vaccination.	RAND-36^IX EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS CECA10	HPV genital infections have a significant impact on the QoL of young women.
8	The psychological impact of illness among women experiencing human papillomavirus-related illness or screening interventions⁽¹²12 Wang KL, Jeng CJ, Yang YC, Chen CA, Cheng WF, Mast TC, et al. The psychological impact of illness among women experiencing human papillomavirus-related illness or screening interventions. J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol. 2010;31(1):16-23. doi: 10.3109/01674820903564440 https://doi.org/10.3109/0167482090356444... ⁾ 2010	To quantify the psychological impact among women diagnosed with different results of health status or HPV infection, through Papanicolaou screening test or HPV test, with the use of the HPV impact profile (HIP).	HIP	The group of women with normal Papanicolaou tests achieved lower scores and lower psychological impact. The group of women with genital warts presented significant increases in scores compared with all other groups, indicating a greater psychosocial burden.
9	Patients with genital warts have a decreased quality of life⁽⁵5 Marra C, Ogilvie G, Gastonguay L, Colley L, Taylor D, Marra F. Patients with genital warts have a decreased quality of life. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(4):258-60. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318191a55e https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318... ⁾ 2009	To measure the decrease in QoL associated with genital warts, with the use of the SF-6D and EQ-5D instruments.	SF-6D^XI EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS	When compared with the uninfected population, the participants in the study had a much lower mean score, indicating worse QoL.
10	Estimation of the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life⁽¹¹11 Woodhall S, Ramsey T, Cai C, Crouch S, Jit M, Birks Y, et al. Estimation of the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life. Sex Transm Infect. 2008;84(3):161-6. doi: 10.1136/sti.2007.029512 https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.2007.029512... ⁾ 2008	To provide data on the impact of genital warts on QoL, to be used in the evaluation of the effective cost of HPV vaccination.	EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS CECA-10	Genital warts are associated with a significant impairment in QoL, especially regarding psychological alterations such as anxiety and depression.
11	Impact of an HPV diagnosis on the quality of life in young women⁽¹⁰10 Maggino T, Casadei D, Panontin E, Fadda MC, Zampieri MA, Donà M, et al. Impact of an HPV diagnosis on the quality of life in young women. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;107(1):S175-S179. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.07.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.07.... ⁾ 2007	To evaluate the impact of the communication of an HPV diagnosis in the cognitive aspect, performance, emotional experiences, psychological/physical well-being, and psychosexual sphere on young women aged between 20 and 45 years.	CBA 2.0^XII SAT-P^XIII BISF-W^XIV	An HPV diagnosis creates impacts on young women's lives, causing higher levels of anxiety, obsessions, compulsive behaviors, and concerns.
12	Impact of genital warts on emotional and sexual well-being differs by gender⁽⁷7 Vriend HJ, Nieuwkerk PT, van der Sande MA. Impact of genital warts on emotional and sexual well-being differs by gender. Int J STD AIDS. 2014;25(13):949-55. doi: 10.1177/0956462414526706 https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462414526706... ⁾ 2014	To verify the existence of significant factors that have a different impact on the QoL of women with genital warts in comparison with the QoL of men with genital warts.	EQ-5D/ EQ-VAS CECA-10	Genital warts have a higher impact on women than on men. In women, sexual and clinical factors influenced the impact of genital warts on well-being, whereas in men, none of these factors were found.

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[1] Corresponding Author: Natália Maria Vieira Pereira-Caldeira E-mail: natalia.mvpereira@hotmail.com