Patient safety climate from the nursing perspective

Cross-sectional study developed with 87 nursing professionals working in three Intensive Care Units of a public hospital for emergency services in Piauí from October to November 2018. The study used a validated Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). In the inferential analysis, the Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis were performed.

Results:

The total SAQ score obtained a mean of 68.57. In analyzing the scores obtained for each domain in the general SAQ, the Job Satisfaction, and Teamwork Climate domains were those that obtained the highest scores, and the lowest score was for the Perception of Hospital Management domain.

Conclusion:

The safety attitudes assessed from the perspective of the nursing team proved to be unfavorable.

Descriptors:
Patient Safety; Intensive Care Units; Nursing; Safety Management; Quality of Health Care

Professional profile	n	%
ICU unit
Pediatrics	31	35.6
General	27	31.0
Neurotrauma	29	33.3
Have the professionals filled out the instrument before?
Yes	1	1.1
No	86	98.9
Position
Nurse	15	17.2
Nursing assistant/nursing technician	72	82.8
Gender
Male	10	11.5
Female	77	88.5
Main practice
Adult	55	63.2
Pediatrics	29	33.3
Both	3	3.4
Length of work in the specialty
6 to 11 months	2	2.3
1 to 2 years	6	6.9
3 to 4 years	8	9.2
5 to 10 years	43	49.4
11 to 20 years	25	28.7
21 years or more	3	3.4

Domains	Mean	Median	SD
Total SAQ	68.57	69.51	14.84
Teamwork climate	80.36	83.33	14.57
Safety climate	68.87	71.43	18.15
Job satisfaction	86.26	90.00	12.01
Stress Recognition	73.20	81.25	26.99
Perception of Management
Unit	57.63	62.50	24.35
Hospital	53.94	55.00	23.90
Working Conditions	58.57	58.33	29.19
Question 14 and 33 To 36	66.42	70.00	20.56

Variables	Domains
	Total SAQ	Teamwork climate	Safety climate	Job satisfaction	Stress Recognition	Perception of Management (Unit)	Perception of Management (Hospital)	Working conditions
	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)	Mean ± SD (p value)
ICU
Pediatrics	61.83 ± 15.77	72.85 ± 15.84	61.11 ± 18.18	82.60 ± 13.78	78.23 ± 24.63	45.62 ± 28.72	47.18 ± 26.37	48.92 ± 27.53
General	71.30 ± 13.56	88.58 ± 7.72	69.33 ± 18.22	89.44 ± 10.68	65.05 ± 35.0	60.65 ± 20.16	53.15 ± 23.75	64.20 ± 25.61
Neurotrauma	73.66 ± 12.44 (<0.001) ¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	80.75 ± 14.15 (0.006)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	76.72 ± 14.77 (0.197)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	87.24 ± 10.40 (0.422)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	75.43 ± 18.82 (0.008)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	67.67 ± 16.95 (0.127)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	61.90 ± 19.24 (0.065)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	63.65 ± 32.18 (0.007)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;
Position
Nurse	69.72 ± 13.64	79.17 ± 13.27	69.52 ± 16.36	83.67 ± 16.09	78.33 ± 18.43	66.94 ± 19.32	56.67 ± 20.93	52.50 ± 28.60
assistant / nursing technician	68.51 ± 15.16 (0.603)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	80.61 ± 14.90 (0.835)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	68.73 ± 18.60 (0.699)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	86.80 ± 11.05 (0.750)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	72.14 ± 28.44 (0.131)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	55.69 ± 24.95 (0.744)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	53.37 ± 24.58 (0.343)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	59.84 ± 29.35 (0.776)³ 3 Student's T-test
Gender
Male	66.69 ± 11.66	80.42 ± 13.47	65.36 ± 22.78	87.50 ± 10.87	79.38 ± 20.21	55.83 ± 21.44	49.00 ± 16.63	46.67 ± 24.28
Female	68.98 ± 15.24 (0.799)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	80.36 ± 14.79 (0.754)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	69.33 ± 17.59 (0.856)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	86.10 ± 12.21 (0.484)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	72.40 ± 27.75 (0.704)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	57.87 ± 24.82 (0.333)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	54.58 ± 24.71 (0.168)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;	60.12 ± 29.55 (0.648)² 2 Mann-Whitney U test;
Main practice
Adult	72.31 ± 12.95	84.39 ± 12.14	73.00 ± 16.90	88.09 ± 10.47	70.23 ± 28.26	63.94 ± 18.72	57.28 ± 21.77	63.56 ± 29.08
Pediatrics	63.45 ± 14.98	75.27 ± 13.17	62.13 ± 18.38	83.79 ± 13.41	76.72 ± 24.77	48.19 ± 27.88	50.43 ± 23.98	51.15 ± 27.07
Both	53.66 ± 26.41 (0.001)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	55.56 ± 31.28 (0.026)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	58.33 ± 20.62 (0.314)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	76.67 ± 20.21 (0.201)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	93.75 ± 10.83 (0.029)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	33.33 ± 43.30 (0.270)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	26.67 ± 46.19 (0.080)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	38.89 ± 38.49 (0.015)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;
Length of work in the specialty
6 to 11 months	66.77 ± 14.23	85.42 ± 20.63	48.21 ± 22.73	92.50 ± 3.53	71.88 ± 39.77	47.92 ± 32.41	55.00 ± 21.21	70.84 ± 29.47
1 to 2 years	61.99 ± 9.47	75.00 ± 18.82	60.12 ± 11.39	78.33 ± 13.29	63.54 ± 19.13	52.08 ± 14.13	50.83 ± 13.20	38.89 ± 35.62
3 to 4 years	80.51 ± 9.82	89.06 ± 9.70	75.45 ± 18.36	95.00 ± 3.78	73.44 ± 38.50	76.56 ± 21.12	75.63 ± 15.68	78.12 ± 17.78
5 to 10 years	69.65 ± 14.52	81.78 ± 14.17	68.04 ± 20.04	87.79 ± 12.92	74.42 ± 27.84	59.50 ± 23.10	55.81 ± 21.29	61.43 ± 28.23
11 to 20 years	64.33 ± 16.56	76.00 ± 15.18	70.07 ± 14.66	81.40 ± 10.16	72.00 ± 24.75	49.57 ± 26.91	44.90 ± 28.69	51.67 ± 28.67
21 years or more	75.27 ± 8.04 (0.347)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	80.55 ± 4.81 (0.124)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	84.52 ± 12.54 (0.019)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	93.33 ± 2.87 (0.651)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	85.42 ± 15.73 (0.064)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	65.28 ± 20.55 (0.047)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	50.00 ± 25.00 (0.127)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;	54.17 ± 41.04 (0.081)¹ 1 Kruskal Wallis test;

Professional position			Type of ICU
	Pediatrics		General		Neurotrauma
	Mean ± SD	p value¹ 1 Mann-Whitney U test;	Mean ± SD	p value² 2 Student's t-test	Mean ± SD	p value¹ 1 Mann-Whitney U test;
Nurse	65.09 ± 13.10	0.548	68.30 ± 11.90	0.576	74.53 ± 15.73	0.813
Nursing assistant / nursing technician	61.22 ± 16.38		71.83 ± 14.00		73.44 ± 11.85

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[1] Corresponding author: Herica Emilia Félix de Carvalho. E-mail: herica_emilly@hotmail.com.br